❶ 英语作文书信格式范文
一,英语作文书信格式:
1,最上面顶格写你要把信写给谁。
2,第二段写你要对这个朋友要说的话。
3,写完后最后的一行写上你自己的名字。
二,范文:
Dear Mike,I am glad to introce my family to you. My family is a warm and happy family.There are 5 people in my family, my grandpa, my grandma, my father, my motherand I. My grandparents are both teachers, they are still teaching in a university.Grandpa is for maths, and Grandma is for English, sometimes their students cometo our home to send their greetings to them. My father is working in an American factory,he is very busy. Every evening he is doing his work in the midnight. At weekend he alwaysgoes to factory for his work. My mother is a nurse. Her hospital is near my home. I am a student in Junior high school. I hope you will introce your family to meyours
sincerely
Tom
拓展资料:英语写作文的注意事项:
避免使用汉语式英语。
避免使用汉语式英语。
时态、语态要准确无误。
主谓语要一致。主谓语要完整。
注意冠词用法、名词单复数、标点符号和大小写等。
注意语序 (感叹句,疑问句,宾语从句。
书写规范, 卷面整洁,以避免不必要的失分。
❷ 初中英语常见作文类型的例文
英语常见的作文类型一,描写 记述 (与一般的课文一样)
二,英文书信
五, 英文通知
六,英文日记
三,英文请假条,便条
四,英文讲稿(发言稿,自我介绍
中考英语作文常见的题型
看图写话:给出画面,或英文提示,按要求
写作.
看图(或材料)填空
材料作文(近年各地市常考的题型):
给出一定的书面(中文或英文)材料,按题目要求写作
命题作文(多为描写,记事,叙述)
写英语作文时应注意的事项
切题:用足所给材料,写作最简单的英文句子,千万别漏了所给的"要点材料"
句子结构:人(物)+ 干(是)….+(宾语或表语)+ 其他
动词的时态:依据文义或句子的 意义,确定使用正确的时态并使用准确的动词形式(最重要)
词汇,短语,句型的搭配与使用
其他:主宾格,修饰关系,标点,大小写,文体格式
英语写作常见的典型错误
单词拼写错误
时态错误:用错时态,写错动词的形式,第三人称单数漏加"S"
词组,短语,句型搭配与使用错误
人称代词的主,宾格不分,大小写,标点,单复数,冠词的使用
修饰关系错误:不能正确使用人称代词的各种关系;名词当动词用或动词(或形容词)当名词用;副词与形容词的使用
句子结构错误:缺主语,缺谓语,"系表"不分
英语写作常用的几种时态
一般现在时:常用于一般性的介绍,描写中,
常见错误是主语为第三人称单数时漏加S
被动式:is/ are + done
用于过去时间里发生的事情(日记文体中),
常见的错误是,写错动词的过去式;
被动式:was / were + done
用于将要发生的事件中:will + do 或 be
going to do ,常见错误是,will 或 to 之后不使用动词原形;
被动式:will be + done ; is / are going to be done
一般过去时:
一般将来时:
英文信件!注意:写信的格式
(地址,日期,称呼,落款,标点)
地址日期
称 呼
落 款
Ⅷ.书面表达(本题20分,02年山东潍坊)
假设你是Li Ping,潍坊十八中的一名学生.请根据提示写一封约120个词的英文信和一个英文信封.
信息提示:
收信人姓名
Jim
收信人地址
438King Street New Tom,Sydney Australia
写信人姓名
Li Ping
写信人地址
188 East Dongfeng Street Weifang,Shandong China
写信内容
简介潍坊,简介潍坊18中,学校生活,个人
写信日期
2002年6月23日
VIII英文信封
Li Ping
188 East Dongfeng Street
Weifang, Shandong, China
Jim
438 King Street, New Town
Sydney, Australia初中英语作文评析全文下载: http://www.joozone.com/xiazai/1966.html写信人地址:信封左上角
与汉语相反
收信人地址:信封右下角
与汉语相反
写地址时注意:名字,街(路)号,镇(区),市,省,国
信的正文
188 East Dongfeng Street
Weifang, Shandong, China
June 23, 2002
How are you I'm very glad to write the letter to you. My name is Li Ping. I'm a Chinese boy. I'm from Weifang, China. Do you know Weifang It's a beautiful city in Shandong. It's a kite city. I study in No. 18 Middle School. Our school is very beautiful. I'm in Class 1, Grade 3. There are 24 classes in our school. We study Chinese, maths, English and other subjects. I like English very much. I like playing computer games, football and watching TV. I have many good friends. We help each other. There are three people in my family. They are my father, my mother and I. I want to make friends with you. Please write to me soon. Welcome to Weifang.
Yours Li Ping
_
Dear Jim,
B)假如你是李雷,你收到英国朋友Jack的一封信,他希望交一些中国笔友.你给他写一封回信,将你的朋友魏华介绍给他.内容应包括"出生年月,生活地方,父母情况,他的兴趣爱好,最擅长的科目,你们在一起常做些什么和他长大后准备干什么".
根据以上要求,请你用60—70个单词来完成这封短信.要求意思连贯,符合逻辑.信的开头和结尾已写在试卷上.(本题共10分,广东02年中考)
No. 9 Minzu Road,
Zhongshan City,
Guangdong, China 528400
June 22nd,2002
Dear Jack,
I am glad to receive your letter and know you want to have some pen friends in China. Now let me tell you something about my friend, Wei Hua, a student of Class 3, Grade 2 in Yucai Middle School.
He would like to know something about your school life and your country. I m sure you will be good friends soon.
Yours,
Li Lei
请假条(便条)!
格式,与写信差不多
(写日期,称呼,内容,落款)
C)书面表达(共10分,02年湖南益阳))
请代为韩梅给英语老师Mr Smith出写一张病假条,可选用下列单词或短语(有的要作必要的变动).请假条的开头部分已给出.(字数50—70)
catch a bad cold, go swimming, doctor, tell me, go to school, can not, stay in bed for two days, today and tomorrow, hope, get well, because)
June 20,2002
Dear Mr Smith,
I'm sorry to tell you that…
June,20,2002
Dear Mr Smith,
I'm sorry to tell you that I'm not feeling well today. I have caught a bad cold because I went swimming in the river yesterday afternoon. The doctor told me to stay in bed for two days. So I can't go to school today and tomorrow. I hope I' 11 get well very soon. Thank you.
Your student Han Mei
_
_
_
❸ 初中英语写信的格式
英语的书信的格式和范文
小学英语考试中,书信类作文的几率很高。让孩子写好书信类作文,不仅是应试的需要,也是一项非常实用的交际技能。
英语信件的种类比较多,有一般信件,邀请信,推荐信等。但几乎所有信件的格式都大同小异。家长指导孩子写英语信件,要注意英语书信结构、书写款式及要求。
信头
指发信人的姓名(单位名称)、地址和日期,一般写在信纸的右上角。一般公函或商业信函的信纸上都印有单位或公司的名称、地址、电话号码等,因此就只需在信头下面的右边写上写信日期就可以了。
英文地址的写法与中文完全不同,地址的名称按从小到大的顺序:
第一行写门牌号码和街名;第二行写县、市、省、州、邮编、国名;然后再写日期。标点符号一般在每一行的末尾都不用,但在每一行的之间,该用的还要用,例如在写日期的时候。
日期的写法,如1997年7月30日,英文为:July 30,1997(最为普遍);July 30th,1997;30th July,1997等。1997不可写成97。
信内地址
在一般的社交信中,信内收信人的地址通常省略,但是在公务信函中不能。将收信人的姓名、地址等写在信头日期下方的左角上,要求与对信头的要求一样,不必再写日期。
称呼
是写信人对收信人的称呼用语。位置在信内地址下方一、二行的地方,从该行的顶格写起,在称呼后面一般用逗号(英国式),也可以用冒号(美国式)。
(1)写给亲人、亲戚和关系密切的朋友时,用Dear或My dear再加上表示亲属关系的称呼或直称其名(这里指名字,不是姓氏)。例如:My dear father,Dear Tom等。
(2)写给公务上的信函用Dear Madam,Dear Sir或Gentleman(Gentlemen)。注意:Dear纯属公务上往来的客气形式。Gentlemen总是以复数形式出现,前不加Dear,是Dear Sir的复数形式。
(3)写给收信人的信,也可用头衔、职位、职称、学位等再加姓氏或姓氏和名字。例如:Dear Prof. Tim Scales, Dear Dr.John Smith。
正文
位置在下面称呼语隔一行,是信的核心部分。因此要求正文层次分明、简单易懂。和中文信不同的是,正文中一般不用Hello!(你好!)
正文有缩进式和齐头式两种。每段书信第一行的第一个字母稍微向右缩进些,通常以五个字母为宜,每段第二行从左面顶格写起,这就是缩进式。
但美国人写信各段落往往不用缩进式,用齐头式,即每一行都从左面顶格写起。商务信件大都采用齐头式的写法。
结束语
在正文下面的一、二行处,从信纸的中间偏右处开始,第一个词开头要大写,句末用逗号。不同的对象,结束语的写法也不同。
❹ 《telephone》写一篇初中英语作文格式为总——分——总
The telephone plays an important role in our daily life.With telephones, our life has become much more easy and convenient.
No matter how far away your friend is, you can always contact him with the telephone. Beside making a telephone call, we can also use it for other purposes. for example ,we can search for information and make friends .we can also listen to music etc.
In a word, the telephone isvery useful for our daily life
❺ 初中英语作文的结构怎么写有没有好的作文范文
一、作文做题步骤:
1 审题:审清作文体裁(类型)时态、人称等细节; 2 列提纲(文章结构框架):分几段,以及每段大体内容; 3 写作:在提纲的基础上补充要点;
4 复查:2遍——1遍看查拼写、语法、标点等问题;2遍不出声读查,靠语感检查语句是否通顺、连贯等;5 誊抄:不允许做任何的更改。 二、作文一般框架: 文章分3段:
(1)综述:概括性强,最多2句话引入主题;
(2)正文——主要内容:层次性强,一定要有过渡型连接词。最多展开3个方面,每个方面最多2句话;(3)结尾:紧扣主题,2句话内结束,尽量升华。 Beginning 开头: topic sentence 主题句----说出文中的要点、核心问题
Middle 正文 :supporting sentences支持句----用例子、实事或数据围绕主题开展叙述、讨论 Ending 结尾: concluding sentence 结论句----对全文的总结和概括。 1. Learning English
As we all know, English becomes more and more popular/ important. Many people say it’s difficult to learn English.But I don’t think so. 2. To be a volunteer for the 26th Universiade
As we all know, the 26th Universiade is coming soon. I want to be a volunteer for it. A volunteer plays an important part in the 26th Universiade. 3. A School Trip I will never forget the school trip last week. 三、正文:巧用连接词,赋予语言灵气 按事情发展的先后或时间顺序 1)Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly
2)first, then/next, after that/ next, finally
3) soon, suddenly, at that moment , as soon as, from now on, at the same time, not...until, before, after, when , while, ring 表示并列
not only... but also, both... and, either ...or, neither...nor,on the one hand…on the other hand 表示举例或补充
1)for example 2)besides / what’s more/ what’s worse 表示转折 however, but,although, instead (of) 表示原因 thanks to, because of,because 表示结果 as a result, so ,so...that, such...that, 表目的 in order to, so that
表比较 the same as, as...as..., than, of all 五、结尾画龙点睛,首尾呼应
1. 与开头呼应,再次重申自己的观点, 注意避免重复句式。 2. 结尾经典词组、句型:
At last/ Finally ... 最后In a word, ... 总而言之In short, ... 简言之 We hope that··· 我们希望Let’s try our best to ....I believe if we can..., ... will be .... What a ...! / How...! Keeping healthy
Let’s try our best to keep healthy.
In short, it’s important to have good habits and keep healthy. Helping others
I believe if we can help others, the world will be more and more beautiful. To be a green consumer [kən'sjuːmə]消费者 Let’s try our best to be a green consumer.
In one word, it’s necessary for us to protect the environment. Beijing
How beautiful Beijing is!Why not come to Beijing and enjoy yourself?
❻ 初中英语作文范文(5篇)
1. By the side of Du Liu River,there is beautiful village.It’s my hometown.
The river is clear and long.In it there are lots of fishes and all kinds of stones.Flowers and grass grow all over the banks.They are red ,yellow,green,blue and white.All of them form a beautiful picture of nature.If you look at it carefully by yourself,you must be much pleasure.
There are many trees on the bank of the river,the trees are big and tall.Like big umbrellas .In summer,birds sing in them,people read ,play and talk under them. Then the natural parks are formed.Do you want to come here .The people not only are very kind and warm-hearted,but also are hard-workink.
So I love my hometown .Love everything of my hometown..I hope my hometown richer and ric
2.Dear mom:
Today is October 10th..It’s your birthday.I want to say:“Thank you ,mom.I love you,mom.”
I am thirteen years old now,and I can know many things.You are a great mother. You not only work at office,but also do housework at home.You always say:“We should be helpful and kind.”You ask me to eat healthy food and keep take exercese .Every morning,we run together.Every evening,you help me with my English.For me and our family you do everything.You are toilsome,mom.I will study harder and won’t let you down.
Happy birthday,mom.I hope you healthy and young forever.
3.Rong Jiang ,Gui Zhou is my hometown a small city lived Dong(侗),Miao(苗),Shui(水),Yao(瑶)people.There has beautiful mountains、clear water and long history.
It is named Rong Jiang because of banyans.There are many big and tall banyans by the side of the rivers.The banyans are old-age around hundreds of years. They are like soliders keep guard our homeland.They also like big umbrellas keep out wind and rain for people in the four seasons. Ancient Banyans Group is a smart sight at my hometown.
Rong Jiang is famous for watermelon and its special local procts.In summer, watermelons are mature.In the fields are all over the delicious watermelons.Everyone loves them.When you are thirsty,you can partake a piece of watermelon,the immortal you are.My hometown has many special local procts,such as juan fen(卷粉) 、solt fish(腌鱼)、solt meat(腌肉)、solt vegetable(腌菜) ect.They are very delicious,too.Welcome to my hometown and taste the toothsome foods.
I love my hometown,love the mountains、the rivers and the people.I must study harder.Then I can make my hometown more beautiful and richer in future.
4.English is more and more important around the world. So we must try our best to learn English well.Plenty of students have trouble in learning English. Ihave four golden ways in learning English. First, we must concentrate on listening to the teacher , because it's the most important . We can learn a lot in class. Secendly, we must be able to read aloud . Maybe you feel difficult , but don't stop reading. Don't be afraid of making mistakes, you must believe that you can do better . Thirdly ,you should do more practice by writting . If you study English by these ways , you'll be a successful student.
5.My Strict Mother
赵世杰
In my memory, people always say “Strict father, kind mother.” The fact isn’t like that in my family. I have not only a strict father, but also a strict mother.
When I was there years old, Mother cursed me hard because I broke a bowl. That made me frightened. After that day, I tried to do everything carefully in case she scolded me badly. I knew she only wanted me to do well.
Perhaps I said some wrong words when I played with my younger cousin. My father scolded me, so did my mother. She never tells me why she treats me strictly. I think it is hard work that made Mother strict and confident.
My dear mom, could you treat me kindly? I would be more wonderful if you were not so strict!
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❼ 初中英语作文
Do you know how i can learn English ? Here are some ways you can try. In class, you should listen to the teacher carefully and be active all the time. If you have any questions, you should ask your teacher in time. After class, you must go over the lessons and finish our homework on time. At home, you should practice pronunciations by listening to tapes. Do you like English movies? Watching movies can improve your spoken skills . And do more reading in your free time. If you do like that, I'm sure you will be a good learner soon.
❽ 初中英语作文广告类范文,英语广告的格式
英语广告的格式
1、slogan.
2、headline.
3、illustration.(图像,一般已经给出)。
4、body.
5、signature.
广告类范文
一种皮鞋油内的广告语
第一流产品,容为足下增光
Our shoe polish is surely of the first rate;
It shines your shoes and you look great.
大宝护肤霜的广告语
“要想皮肤好,早晚用大宝”
Applying “Dabao” morning and night
Makes your skincare a real delight.
❾ 英语作文格式
英语作文的书写格式·英文书写和移行
班级class
姓名
英文书写应符合书写规范,英文字母要写清楚、写整齐、写美观,字母的大小和字母之间的距离要匀称。书写应做到字形秀丽漂亮,通篇匀称和谐。
写英文字母要掌握正确笔顺。如字母i,应该先写下面的部分,然后再打点。有的学生却按写汉字的习惯从上到下写,写快了,就会把点和下面的十笔连在量起,显得十分别扭。字形t应为两笔。不少人却将两笔合成一笔,看上去不像t,倒像l或是e,难以辨认。另外,把r写成v,把q写成把g,把k写成h等等,都是中学生书写中常见的毛病。
不少人在四线三格的练习纸上书写尚有规矩,能按字母的占格、高低和大小要求书写,但在白纸或横线纸上书写,却显得十分幼稚拙劣。字母或跳上跳下,或一律写成同一高度,占上中两格的字母与占中下两格的字母完全没有高低之别。这些现象都要防止。
另外,书写时还要注意词与词之间要保持一定的距离,不能紧靠在一起。字母之间的连写也应该按照习惯,不能随意乱来。
在一篇字数有限的作文里,我们还要注意尽量不把一个单词拆开移行。万一要移行,则必须以音节为单位进行,如revolution这个词,依照音节移行的原则可以按re-,revo-,
revolu-这几种方法移行。在移行时,我们还应特别注意以下几点:
1.
单音节词不能移行,即使是字母较多的单音节词,如through等也不能例外。
2.缩略词如Mr.,Dr.等不能和后面的名字拆开移行。
缩略的专用名词如U.K.,U.S.A等也不能拆开移行。
3.时间、量度及货币单位应视为一个整体;不能分开移行。如;
11:00P.M.应写在一行内,不能将11:00和P.M.分开移行;写38℃时,不能将36和C分开移行。
4.由“年、月、日”表示的日期,如果必须分开移行只能将“月、日”与“年”分开。如January
6,1980不能将January和6分开移行,但可以把January
6,和1980分成两行。
5.含双写辅音字母的单词,在移行时要将辅音字母拆开。如better可拆成better,necessary可拆成necessary。
但如果双写辅音字母属于词根,后面又加了后缀,就不能将两个辅音字母拆开。如drill加上-ing后构成了drilling,就不可以将它拆成成dril-ling,而只能拆为drilling。
❿ 初中英语作文格式及范文
一、书信格式
1 .信头。指发信人的地址和日期。从信纸的上端中央往右写。第一行写单位名称,第二行写门牌号和路名,第三行写市名、省名、国名,第四行写发信日期。学生写信时第一行写班级名称,第二行写系科名称,第三行写学校名称,第四行写市、省名称,第五行写国家名称,第六行写发信日期。如果是国内信件,国名可以不写。要特别注意英文地址写法顺序是从小单位到大单位。日期的写法有美英之分。英国的写法是:日,月,年,如 10th of October , 2002 .美国的写法是:月,日,年,如 October 10 , 2002 .例如:
Xiangyang Middle School (向阳中学)
No . 120 , Xinhua Road (新华路 120 号)
Cangzhou , Hebei Province 061001 (沧州市河北省 061001 )
P . R . of China (中华人民共和国)
October 20 , 2002 ( 2002 年 10 月 20 日)
2 .信内地址。指收信人的姓名和地址。低于信头 1 — 2 行,从左边开始写。第一行写姓名、头衔,第二行写单位名称,第三行写门牌号及路名,第四行写市、省名称,第五行写国名。写往学校的信,第一行写姓名、头衔,第二行写系科名称,第三行写学校名称,第四行写市名、省名及邮政编码,第五行写国名。商业往来信件及公函必须写信头和信内地址。亲友、熟人之间的信可以不写信内地址,信头处写发信日期就行了。它与信封上收信人姓名、地址完全一样。
3 .称呼。就是对收信人的称呼。信内地址下隔一、二行写称呼,其左侧与信内地址第一行对齐,称呼后面一般用逗号,但正式函件称呼后多用冒号。对不相识的男子,单数常用 Sir , Dear Sir ,或 My Dear Sir ;复数常用 Dear Sirs 或 Gentlemen .对不相识的女子,单数常用 Madam , Dear Madam ,或 My Dear Madam ;复数常用 Madams 或 My Dear Madams .对比较熟识的男子,普通称 Dear Mr .。。即可。对比较熟识的女性,普通称 Dear Mrs (或 Miss )。。。即可。
4 .正文。是书信的主要部分,一般从称呼下方隔一至两行处开始写正文。每段的第一个字母一般要缩进 3 — 5 个字母的空格。正文的内容要表达清楚,语言要简单明了,态度要诚恳礼貌。如果信中涉及的事情不多,可以一段到底,如果要讲的事情多,则可以分成几段,段与段之间常隔 1 — 2 行。
5 .结束语。是写信人对收信人的谦称,写在正文的下面 2 — 3 行处,从信纸中央偏右的地方写起,一般用 Yours (第一个字母大写)。若是亲戚(包括家人),可以写 Your loving son / sister / brother / daughter 等之类的表达法,若是对朋友,可以写 Your friend ;若是对老师,可以写 Your student .
6 .签名。一般写在结束语之下。
二、信封
英文信封的写法与汉语不同。收信人的姓名及地址应写在信封中下部,且先写姓名后写地址。寄信人的姓名及地址应写在信封的左上角,若是普通书信,也可写在信封背面。邮票贴在信封的右上角。在信封上常见的附加说明有“ Urgent (急件), Express (快件), Registered ( Regd )(挂号信), Airm ail (航空信)等”,要根据实际情况选用。下面是信封的格式:
怎么样,同学们?会用英语写信了吗?做一道中考题练练吧。
( 2002 河北省)根据提示和要求完成下面短文。
假如你( Li Lei )在去年夏令营认识的一个朋友 Jim 从英国给你寄来一件礼物—一件红色的衬衫,并附有一封信。在信中他向你问好,他想知道你近来在忙些什么。请你给他写一封回信( 100 个词左右)表示感谢。回信要包括以下内容:
①向 Jim 问好并对他表示感谢。
②礼物是你最喜欢的颜色,尺寸很合适,你非常喜欢。
③告诉 Jim 你近来很好,上周刚过完生日,生日聚会很热闹。询问 Jim 的近况,并表示希望他能来中国。
注意:①信的格式已经给出。②信中不得使用真实的人名、地名。
65Zhonghua Street
Shijiazhuang 050000
Hebei , China
June 21st , 2002
Dear Jim ,
How are you ? ____________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
范文..
Your friend ,
Li LeiMy dearest Mother,
The mother‘s day is coming and I would like to say "Happy mother‘s day" in this letter. I love you and thank you so much for everything you did for me. This day, I will stay away and can‘t give you my appreciation at home. I know I will watch myself, so don‘t worry about me. I am doing very well on my study. My schoolmates and teachers are all very nice. Though I can‘t be at home, I hope you have a wonderful mother‘s day.
Love,
Your so写作知识辅导——记叙文
Hi , dear friends .前几次讲的内容你们掌握了吗?这次我要给大家说说初中阶段常见的几种文体——记叙文、描写文、说明文的写法。咱们先说说记叙文吧。
记叙文是以写人、叙事为主要内容的一种文体,也是英语作文中最普遍、最基本的文体。它一般包括两种:事实记叙文和想象记叙文。事实记叙文是写真实事情,常用一般过去时;想象记叙文是写虚拟的故事,常用一般现在时。它们的特点都是通过对人物、事件和景物的描写,表现文章的主题和作者的思想感情。
记叙文写作的基本要求是什么呢?
①要有明确的中心思想。②记叙要清楚明白。③线索要清晰。④要有恰当的叙事角度。⑤选材要详略得当。
具体地说,记叙文写作要把握以下几点:
1 .记叙文所记叙的事件必须相关连。要有开头( beginning )、中间( middle )和结尾( end )。在必要时加入冲突( conflict ),以使情节曲折,跌宕起伏。一般说来,写记叙文应把握好六个要素: who (何人)、 what (何事)、 when (何时)、 where (何地)、 why (何因)、 how (怎么)。初中阶段多为叙事短文,一般应包括 where , who , what 这三个最基本的东西。
2 .写作时观点的掌握非常重要。记叙文常用第一人称或第三人称两种人称记述。用第一人称的角度记叙,使人感到亲切,读者很容易产生身临其境之感,相信真有其事。这种形式常用在写自传、本人的经历或记叙耳闻目睹的事件;用第三人称的角度记叙,使人感到客观。这种形式常用在对重大事件的客观报导,以及记叙他人的经历或事迹。
3 .常见的叙述方式有:①顺叙。按事情发展的顺序或时间顺序进行叙述。②倒叙。把事情的结局或某个突出的片段提到前面叙述,然后再按照事情的顺序叙述下去。③插叙。在叙述过程中,由于某种需要,暂时把叙述的线索中断一下,插入有关的另一叙述。④夹叙夹议。一方面叙述事情,一方面对这件事情加以分析或评论。
请看下面的例文。要求:写一篇题为 Planting Trees 的文章。
Planting Trees
It was fine on March 12 , 2001 . I got up early that day . All the students in our school went to the hill to plant trees .
We arrived at the hill at eight o'clock . The teacher asked each of us to plant at least six trees . Then we started digging , planting and watering . We all worked so hard that we could finish our tasks ahead of tim e . Among us , Wang Lin , our monitor set a good example for us . Though he was ill , he worked harder . When he finished his task , he went on to help others without even a little rest . He was wet all over after work .“ I must learn from him ,” I said to myself . Looking at the lines of the young trees , we smiled happily , forgetting our tiredness .
这是一篇记叙文,记叙了 2001 年 3 月 12 日上山植树的情况。文章主题鲜明,有条有理。 when (何时)、 where (何地)、 who (何人)、 what (何事)等交待的清清楚楚。
描写文是以描写为主要表达方式的文体,所谓描写就是作者用生动、形象的语言对
人物、事物和环境作具体形象的描绘和刻画,描写的主要作用是:①展现美丽的自然景色;②描写人物的外貌和内心世界;③交待人物活动的自然环境和社会环境。 在写作过程中,作者可以按空间位置顺序,由远及近,由上及下,由外到内,由前到后组织材料,也可以按作者视线转移的顺序组织材料,先看到的先写,后看到的后写。描写的基本方法按性质可分为主观描写和客观描写两种。所谓主观描写就是在描写过程中掺入作者自己的感受,寄托自己的主观感情,塑造自己的理想的形象;客观描写就是在描写过程中,作者不带或很少带主观的感情色彩,而只对人物或某物的特征客观地、就事论事进行描写。
请看下面的描述文:
Sunset
In order to see the sunset , I got everything ready before 5in the afternoon . Then I went to the East Hill .
At that time , the sun was already in the west but it was still shining . Its light was so bright that I couldn't even open my eyes . When I arrived at the East Hill , the light became a bit yellow . After a short while , it was completely golden , then red . The sun nearly set . It was like a big red ball . The cloud around it was also painted red . Little by little the cloud covered more and more of the sun . At last it disappeared behind the cloud . It was dark and I hurried back .
本文交待了看日落的时间、地点,详细地描写了日落的全过程。文章主要采用了客观描写方法,语言简洁,描写具体、生动。
下面该谈谈说明文了。
说明文是以说明为主要表达方式的文体。它主要用来说明事物的特点、发展变化规律、分析前因后果,目的在于使读者获得必要的信息,使人们对事物有个清晰、完整的了解和认识。说明文分为三种类型:实体事物说明文,包括说明书、广告、解说词等;事理说明文,包括理论性概念解释、书文简介、教材等;文艺性说明文,即要把说明的对象拟人化,进而编成一个故事介绍给读者。
写说明文要注意以下几点:
1 .要抓准特征。对某一事物予以说明,首先要弄清从哪些方面加以说明才能准确地反映被说明的事物。一般说来,说明事物可以从被说明事物的颜色、形状、形态;性质、性能、习性;原因、原理;作用、用途、功能;危害、影响;结构;操作过程;发生、发展的规律等方面着手。但是,每一事物都有它自己的特征,因而显示出了这一事物与其他一事物的根本区别,因此,在说明事物时,不要面面俱到,要抓住事物的特征,这样才能使读者得到具体而深刻的印象。
2 .层次要分明。说明事物要注意条理,否则就不可能说清复杂的事物。例如说明事物的结构,就要按照构造的顺序来说明,或从上到下,或从前到后,或由外到里,或由主到次。又如说明四季的变化,就要按照时间的顺序( spring , summer , autumn , winter )来写。
3 .解析要清楚。对各种知识所作的解释,对某种事物所作的说明,都要清楚明白。
4 .表现手法要多样。常见的说明文方法有:①下定义。②举例子。③运用比喻、比拟的方法。④做比较。⑤引用数字。⑥分类别。⑦列图表。
5 .用词要力求准确。引用的数据要绝对可靠,文字要简明扼要,一目了然。这是写说明文在语言文字上的要求:
请看下面的例文:
Hello , friends ,
You are warmly welcomed to our school . I'm Wu Dong . I'm very glad to be your guide . First , I'd like to tell you something about our school . It was set up in 1957 . The number of students is over 1200 , and the teachers about 100 . There are altogether 20classes . Besides the teaching buildings , we have a library for different kinds of subjects , and a school-run workshop .
We have four classes in the morning and two in the afternoon . After classes , we join in various activities , such as ball games , painting , singing and dancing .
Now let me show you around our school . This way , please .
本文是一篇说明文,是由学生接待来访的朋友,向人们介绍本校的情况。本文目的明确,材料准确、详实,语言简练,并能按一定的顺序来写,是一篇较好的说明文。
怎么样?会写这几种文体了吗?试着写两篇吧?
1 .记述一次郊游活动( outing ),包括下列内容:
①时间、地点:上星期六,海边。
②活动内容:去时花了几个小时,到海边后搭帐蓬,在露天生火做饭,讲故事,唱歌,做游戏。
③自己感想:尽管很累,大家玩得很痛快。
要求:用第一人称写,词数 70 左右。
2 .向明中学的“英语角”活动开展得有声有色。请你用英语为一家英文报纸写一篇 80 — 100 字的简讯。