A. 小学应该掌握的英语知识
综合语言运用能力:
情感态度:动机兴趣,自信意志,合作精神,祖国意识,国际视野。
学习策回略:答谁知策略,调控策略,交际策略,资源策略。
语言技能:听说读写。
语言知识:语音,词汇,语法,动能,话题。
文化意识:文化知识,文化理解,跨文化交际,意识和能力。
一级:对英语有好奇心,喜欢听他人说英语。能根据教师的简单指令做游戏、做动作、做事情(如涂颜色、连线)。能做简单的角色扮演。能唱简单的英文歌曲,说简单的英语歌谣。能在图片的帮助下听懂和读懂简单的小故事。能交流简单的个人信息,表达简单的情感和感觉。能书写字母和单词。对英语学习中接触的外国文化习俗感兴趣。
二级:对英语学习有持续的兴趣和爱好。能用简单的英语互致问候、交换有关个人、家庭和朋友的简单信息。能根据所学内容表演小对话或歌谣。能在图片的帮助下听懂、读懂并讲述简单的故事。能根据图片或提示写简单的句子。在学习中乐于参与、积极合作、主动请教。乐于了解异国文化、习俗。
B. 英语国家的文化知识题
1、Which language is spoken by the most people in the world as their primary language? 下面哪种语言被世界上大多数人来作为他们的第一语言?(世界上大多数人用下面哪种语言作为第一语言?)
Russian Mandarin Chinese English Arabic?
2、The most heavily fortified border in the world exists between which two countries?世界上哪两个国家之间存在森严的边界?(世界上哪两个国家的边界戒备最森严?)
China and Russia United States and Mexico
North Korea and South Korea Syria and Lebanon
3、Which of these countries is the world's largest exporter of goods and services measured in dollar value?以下哪个国家在美元价值操控上是世界上最大的货物和服务输出国?(这句话念起来很别扭,measured in dollar value不知道怎么翻译才好?)(按美元计算,以下哪个国家是世界上最大的货物和服务输出国?)
China United States Japan France
4、Which city would be LEAST likely to be threatened by a tsunami?下面哪个城市最不可能受到海啸威胁?
Honolulu, United States Manila, Philippines
Tokyo, Japan Mexico City, Mexico
5、World health officials are very concerned about a particular strain of avian flu. Which continent did that strain of flu come from originally?
世界卫生官员非常关心禽流感的危害程度。禽流感最先起源于哪个洲?(世界卫生官员非常关注一种禽流感。这种禽流感起源于哪个洲?)
Europe Asia South America Australia
6、In which of these countries is a majority of the population Muslim?下列哪个国家穆斯林人口最多?
Indonesia South Africa Armenia India
7、Which of the following countries is the world's largest consumer of oil?
下列哪个国家是世界上最大的石油消费国?
United States China Russia India
8、On which continent are the Alps(阿尔卑斯)? 阿尔卑斯山位于下列哪个洲?
Africa Antarctica(南极洲) Asia
Australia Europe North America South America
9、On which continent is Sri Lanka(斯里兰卡) located? 斯里兰卡位于下列哪个洲?
Africa Antarctica Asia
Australia Europe North America South America
10、Which of the following ranges contains the correct population of the United States today?以下数据中,美国目前正确的人口数是多少?
Between 10 million and 50 million
Between 150 million and 350 million
Between 500 million and 750 million
Between 1 billion and 2 billion
Don't know
11、On which continent is the Amazon rain forest?亚马逊热带雨林位于哪个洲?
Africa Antarctica Asia Australia
Europe North America South America Don't know
12、In which of these countries did a catastrophic earthquake occur in October 2005, killing over 70,000 people?下面哪个国家在2005年10月发生了灾难性的地震,造成70,000多人死亡。
Sri Lanka Japan Pakistan…… Mexico
C. 英语文化小知识
||分美音(American English)和英音(British English),其中英音的标准发音为RP英语(Recived Pronunciation)-_-|||,是一种较回正式的英语口音答,并不见得比其他口音好多少,但是用于受过正规教育的人。
而且英语有不少外来词汇,如:
法语:biscuit,passport
西班牙语:guitar,banana,mosquito
拉丁语:lobster,candle
意大利语:violin,mafia
德语:kingdergarten,hamburger
荷兰语:landscape,cruise
我这些是外教交的和自己的积累,若有质量或数量问题……见谅了……:P
D. 英语文化常识
1 看看dress这个词的用法,你也许会有新的理解角度:
dress[英][dres][美][drɛs]
n.衣服; 装饰; 连衣裙; 礼服;
vt.& vi.给…穿衣; 穿着; 打扮版;
adj.连衣裙的; 须穿礼服的权; 适合于正式场合的; 办公时(或半正式场合)穿戴的;
vt.给…穿衣; 给…提供衣服; 装潢,装饰或装点; 排成列;
vi.穿衣; 排列整齐;
2 类似表达; dinner jacket无尾礼服(正式场合所穿的)
3 国外的理念:
家庭之外的有很多人的场合,都属于公众场合,社交场合,属于正式或半正式场合,都有必要穿比较正式的服装。甚至只要出门,都要换正装。女士的正装,就是dress 礼服等。
4 theatre属于公众场合,自然可能遇到很多人,包括熟人或同事等,那也就需要正装。这可能有别于国内的习惯看法和认识。
祝你开心如意!
E. 小学生英语应知应会文化常识
简单的日常英语口语表达,能用英语表达生活常用物品即可。
F. 英语文化知识
浅谈英语文化知识渗透于英语教学
内容摘要
语言是文化的载体,是文化的主要表现形式。它是随着民族的发展而发展的,是社会民族文化的一个组成部分。不同民族有着不同的文化、历史、风俗习惯和风土人情等,各民族的文化和社会风俗又都在该民族的语言中表现出来。语言离不开文化,文化依靠语言,英语教学是语言教学,当然离不开文化教育。随着我国对外交往与民族接触的日益迫切的需要,英语教学要重视交际能力的培养和随之而来的要求对所属文化有所了解的呼声越来越高。在英语教学中,教师应努力培养学生的文化习得意识,使文化规范的教学与语言技能的培养同步进行。
关键词 语言 文化 文化差异 文化意识
在美国有这样一个尽人皆知的句子:"When you're down, you are not necessarily out."但是许多English learners却对其含义不甚了了。原因是不了解这句话的文化背景。这原是一句拳击术语,在拳击比赛中拳击手若被对方击倒,裁判数到10还不能起来则被判输。但在很多情况下不等裁判数到10,倒地的拳击手便能爬起来再战。因此,这句话的表层意思是:当你被人击倒,并不意味着输了这场比赛。其寓意为:当你遇到挫折,并不一定丧失了成功的机会。
由此我们可以得到启示:在英语教学中要注重语言和文化的关系,应提高对中西文化差异的敏感性和适应性,应树立文化意识并注重文化知识的传授。
?一、 语言和文化
语言和文化是密不可分的。语言不仅仅是一套符号系统,人们的言语表现形式更要受语言赖以存在的社会/社团(community)的习俗,生活方式,行为方式,价值观念,思维方式,宗教信仰,民族心理和性格等的制约和影响。长期以来,在英语教学中语言和文化的这种关系一直未得到足够的重视。在教学实践中,似乎认为只要进行听,说,读,写的训练,掌握了语音,词汇和语法规则就能理解英语和用英语进行交际。而实际上由于不了解语言的文化背景,不了解中西文化的差异,在英语学习和用英语进行交际中屡屡出现歧义误解频繁,语用失误迭出的现象。如:用How much money can you earn a month?来表示对外国人的关心,殊不知这是一句冒犯的问话,侵犯了别人隐私(privacy),会激起对方的反感。中国人以谦逊为美德,如当外国人称赞中国人某一方面的特长时,中国人通常会用You are overpraising me ("过奖")来应酬,这往往会让说话者感到你在怀疑他的判断力;抑或是用"Where? Where?"来回答,弄得外国人莫名其妙,不知所云。美国社会学家G.R.Tucker 和W.E.Lambet对于外语教学中只教语言不教文化有这样的看法:"我们相信,任何这类企图都会使学生失去兴趣,使他们不仅不想学习语言符号本身,而且也不想了解使用这一符号系统的民族。相反,帮助学生在学习语言时提高对文化的敏感性,就可以利用他们发自内心的想了解其他民族的兴趣和动力......,从而提供了学习该民族的语言的基础"。
二、中西文化的偶合现象与文化差异
不同民族的文化有可能存在某些相同或相似的地方,这被称为文化的偶合现象。这主要是由于不同的民族在与大自然作斗争的过程中会有相同或相似的生活体验和经历。这种相似性必然会反映到语言中来。因而在英语和汉语中,我们不难发现许多相同或相似的表达。例如:"披着羊皮的狼",英语为wolf in sheep's clothing;"同舟共济" ,英语为in the same boat;"破土动工",英语为break earth;"三思而后行",英语为 think twice before you act;"蓝图",英语为blue print,等等,这样的偶合现象不胜枚举。文化的这种偶合现象,可以促进English learners在目的语(target language)学习中的"正迁移"(positive transfer)。
但是,不同的民族所处的地理环境和历史环境不同,因而对不同的事物和经历有着不同的编码(code),分类;不同的民族因不同的宗教信仰,也导致了他们独特的笃信,崇尚和忌讳心态;不同的民族因其发展的特殊历史过程也产生了本民族自己的历史典故,传说轶事。如:汉语中的"龙","生死轮回","八卦","阴阳","气功"等,对不了解中国文化的外国人来说必然是云里雾里,不知何物。同样,当我们看到英语中He is a wolf这个句子时,还以为是"这个人很凶",实为"他是个好色之徒"。中西两种文化的差异还可以从动物的"文化附加义"的差异窥见一斑。 对于狮子的勇猛(brave),绵羊的温顺(gentle),狐狸的狡猾(sly),乌龟的迟缓(slow),猪的贪婪(greedy),英语和汉语的文化附加义基本相同。但在老鼠,骡子和猫头鹰的习性上,英语和汉语的文化附加义则大相径庭。在汉语中有"贼眉鼠目","鼠目寸光"等成语,用以形容鬼鬼祟祟和目光短浅。而老鼠在英语俚语中可指女人,怕羞的人。更由于迪斯尼先生创造了Mickey Mouse这个尤物,从而使得老鼠的形象大放异彩,成为千家万户所喜爱的动物,尤其在儿童心目中,更是机智,智慧的象征。至于骡子,在汉语中,"寿命长,体力大"是它的特征。而英语中骡子是"顽固(stubborn)"的代名词。汉语中人们用猫头鹰象征不祥之兆,如"猫头鹰进宅,无事不来",而英语中的猫头鹰则是智慧之鸟。
此外,中西文化的差异还有很多,如熟人,朋友间见面打招呼时的差异(中国人见面多问"你吃了没有?""你到哪里去?";而外国人则说"Hello");人们接受礼物时表达自己态度的差异(一般中国人不会当着送礼物人的面看礼物;而外国人往往会当面撤开礼物并高兴地向人家连声称谢"Thank you. I really appreciate it.");运用体态语的差异(如:中国人召唤他人走近时常用手心向下,手指向内连续弯曲的手势,这种手势在英语中是在使唤小动物走近时用的;召唤他人走近外国人使用四指弯曲食指向内勾动的手势,而这种手势在汉语中则是极富挑衅性的)。
三、 树立文化意识,注重文化知识的传授
在中学英语教学中,应树立文化意识,应在传授语言的同时同步传授文化知识。这样做的好处是:文化知识加深了学生对语言的了解,语言则因赋予了文化内涵而更易于理解和掌握。语言教学和文化教学同步可以在传授语音,词汇,语法等语言知识时进行。如:freeze这个词的基本含义是"冰冻""结冰"。而在一个私人拥有枪支的美国社会中,一位留学生因听不懂美国人的口语Freeze!("站住""不许动")而被枪杀。在美国社会中,Freeze!却是人人皆知的日常用语。假如这位留学生有这点文化知识就不至于付出生命的代价。又如:教词汇professional时,告诉学生He is a professional和She is a professional可能会引起天壤之别的联想意义:He is perhaps a boxer.和She is likely a prostitute. 这是由英美的文化所触发的定向思维。
除了语言本身所承载的文化涵义外,西方国家的风俗习惯,人们的生活方式,宗教信仰,思维方式等等都有着深厚的文化背景和底蕴。因此,在英语教学中还要适时地向学生介绍文化背景知识。如:在中国称中年以上的人为"老",是尊敬的表示,可在西方,"老"却意味着衰朽残年,去日无多,因此西方人都忌讳"老",都不服"老"。有位导游讲过这样一件事:在一次带队旅游中,我们的这位导游看到一位美国老太在艰难地爬山时,便上前去搀扶她,却遭到了老人的拒绝。为什么会发生这种事呢?因为在美国这样一个老人普遍得不到尊重的社会里,老人们养成了不服老,坚持独立的习惯。所以美国的老人都不喜欢别人称其为老人(elderly people),在美国都用"年长的公民"(senior citizens)这一委婉语来指代老人。
在英语教学中,还可以将日常生活交往中的中西文化差异进行总结归纳,这对学生进行跨文化交际能力的提高能起到积极的促进作用。如可将中国人与英语国家人士初交时谈话的禁忌归纳为四个词:I, WARM, where, meal。I代表income;第二个词中W代表 weight ,A代表age, R 代表religion, M代表 marriage。由此而引出"七不问":不问对方收入,不问体重,不问年龄,不问宗教信仰,不问婚姻状况,不问"去哪儿",不问"吃了吗"。这样可使学生对与英语国家人士交谈的禁忌有更清楚的了解。
利用多种渠道、多种手段,吸收和体验异国文化。可以收集一些英语国家的物品和图片,让学生了解外国艺术、历史和风土人情;运用英语电影、电视、幻灯、录像等资料给学生直观的感受,使学生对英语的实际使用耳濡目染。向学生推荐阅读体现外国文化的简易读本,以增加对英语文化的了解;邀请中外"英语通"作中外文化差异方面的专题报告;组织英语角,英语晚会等,创设形式多样的语言环境,加深对文化知识的实际运用。
总之,在英语教学中不能只单纯注意语言教学,而必须加强语言的文化导入,重视语言文化差异及对语言的影响。只有这样,才能在实际中正确运用语言。
G. 一道英语文化知识选择题
D. Protestantism
According to Weber, there was an elective affinity between Puritan ethical norms and emerging capitalist business practices in seventeenth-century England.
H. 英语文化小知识
http://..com/question/64172578.html
http://hi..com/simple0423/blog/item/9ff86a500a95c45b1138c222.html
or it to be made up entirely from within the continent, the Americans among others had argued that Africa does not have enough trained soldiers to make up a credible and effective force. Here's David Bamford.
Mr. Konare's comments, following talks with President Omar al-Bashir in Sudan, are likely to raise eyebrows on the UN Security Council, which has been battling with the Sudanese leader for months on a compromise resolution that would specifically allow non-African peacekeepers to join the revamped Darfur force. There is already an African Union force in Darfur, but it's poorly trained, ill-equipped and only 7,000 in number. The UN is talking about something much more robust, able to stand up to the Janjaweed and rebel militias in Darfur.
A foreign man who had been kidnapped in the oil procing region of southern Nigeria has died shortly after being set free. Officials said the man was released by the hostage takers near the town of Yenagoa.
Election observers in Sierra Leone have said Saturday's presidential and parliamentary elections were free, fair and credible. They said the ballot went smoothly and the presence of police had given confidence to voters. The European Union's Chief Election Observer Marie-Anne Isler Beguin said she was satisfied with how the election was concted. "Of course we have a good view now, a good picture of what happened yesterday and we at this moment can be satisfied of the global participation and the global organization."
It was Sierra Leone's first election since the departure of the United Nations' peacekeepers who had steered its recovery from years of civil war.
The Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki has called on leaders of the main parliamentary factions to hold talks within the next two days to try to resolve a political crisis. Two factions have recently withdrawn from the national unity cabinet saying it had failed to end sectarianism. The cabinet is now narrowly based on Shiite Muslim religious parties and Kurdish groups and it has almost no Sunni Arab members.
United Nations Children's Fund is making an urgent appeal for women in Iraq to breastfeed their children rather than use infant formula milk. Infant formula needs to be mixed with water and UNICEF says diarrhea caused by water contamination is one of the biggest killers of Iraqi children.
A senior Afghan official says he now expects two South Koreans being held by Taliban militants will be released within the next 24 hours. A Taliban spokesman said on Saturday the two Korean women who are said to be unwell had already been released, but this was not confirmed.
The authorities in Guatemala say they've rescued 46 more children and babies they think may have been taken from their parents for illegal adoption by foreigners. Police say the infants were found at a house in the city of Antigua after neighbors reported seeing foreigners collecting children there every day. Daniel Schweimler reports.
The authority is now investigating whether the children were stolen or their parents were coerced into giving them up. The attorney general's office said that few of the children had the necessary paperwork and the house did not have permission to operate as an adoption center. Last year couples in the United States adopted more than 4,000 infants from Guatemala where it can take half the time and cost considerably less than it does elsewhere.
International diplomats leading the latest talks on the future of Kosovo say the partition of the province which is still technically part of Serbia might be possible if both Serbs and Albanians agree. The comments appeared to mark a change in policy. Until now, the international community had insisted that the province stay as one. Nick Thorpe reports.
The United States, Russia and the European Union have the unenviable task of trying to broker a deal for Kosovo acceptable to all sides after all other efforts have failed. Wolfgang Ischinger, the EU envoy, told reporters that all options were open to resolve the deadlock, which has reined since the aerial bombing campaign by NATO forced the Serb police and army out of the province eight years ago.
A court in China has given a one-year prison sentence and a fine about 130 dollars to a television journalist Zi Beijia who made up a recent report about street vendors in Beijing selling meat buns stuffed with chemicals and cardboard. Mr. Zi's report received wide circulation abroad, embarrassing the government at a time when China is facing international criticism over the quality of some of its exports.
I. 小学生应该掌握的英语跨文化知识点题型
注重对学抄生跨文化意识和交际能力袭的培养,是提高英语教学效率、培养学生语言综合运用能力的重要途径。本文从跨文化交际意识和能力培养的迫切性和重要性、跨文化交际意识和能力的内涵及培养跨文化交际意识和能力的途径与方法三方面对高中英语教学中跨文化意识的培养进行探讨。 关键词:高中英语教学跨文化交际意识能力培养 语言是文化的载体,文化是语言的依托。只懂得语言而不懂得相关的文化,语言学习就会成为“无本之木”,“无源之水”。高中英语教师在教授语言基础知识的同时,应加大对外国文化的渗透力度,不断培养学生跨文化交际的意识和能力。长期以来英语教学主要停留在语言知识的教学层面,一旦进入到真实的交际情景,多数学生不是有口难言就是词不达意。
J. 有外国文化知识题的英语练习册是什么
自己的作业拿来到这问,再说在里许多人也不是上七年级,也没有题目来帮你做,总而言之,你真的是欠扁。