❶ 考研中的连词、副词、介词等逻辑关系英语词汇有哪些
1、表示让步来：but,however,yet,nevertheless,though,although,even though,even if,anyway,anyhow
2、表示对立源：while,whereas,rather than,instead of,admit,against
3、表因果：now that,given that,in that,as,since,for,with,as result of,so/such that,lead to,consequenty,as a result,result in
4、表并列：add\likewise,simultaneous,while,meanwhie,and so,neither nor,either or,equally,in the same way,as well as,the same as,or
5、总分关系：for instance,for example,such as,including
6、表递进：still,also,,indeed,furthermore,moreover
❷ 知识讲解：2016考研英语语法指导——考研英语定语从句详解
定语从句
一、【知识网络】
用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。
一、关系代词引导的定语从句
1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词
句子成分 用于限制从句或非限制性从句 只用于限制性从句
代替人 代替物代替人或物
主语 Who which that
主语 Whomwhich that
宾语 Whose（=of whom） whose（=of which）
This is the detective who came from London. The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.
The desk whose leg is broken is very old. This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.
2.关系代词的用法
（1）如果先行词是all，much，anything，something，nothing，everything，little，none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which.例如：
All the people that are present burst into tears.
（2）如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first，last，any，only，few，mush，no，some，very等词修饰，关系代词常用that，不用which，who，或whom.例如：
（3）非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that，作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如：
There are about seven million people taking part in the election，most of whom、are well ecated.
（4）which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。例如：
He succeeded in the competition，which made his parents very happy.
（5）that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。
（6）which可作表语，既可指人，以可指物。指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有种特征。品性或才能的人。Which引导的定语从句可以限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。
（7）如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用which；若是指集体中的各个成员，则用who.
（8）先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用that.例如：
The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.
（9）如果先行词是anyone，anybody，everyone，everybody，someone，somebody，关系代词应该用 who 或whom，不用which.例如：
Is there anyone here who will go with you？
3.“介词＋关系代词”是一个普遍使用的结构
（1）“介词＋关系代词”可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。“介词＋关系代词”结构中的介词可以是
in，on，about，from，for，with，to at，of，without 等，关系代词只可用whom或
which，不可用that .
（2）from where为“介词＋关系副词”结构，但也可以引导定语从句。例如：
We stood at the top of the hill，from where we can see the town…
（3）像listen to，look at，depend on，pay attention to，take care
of等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。例如：
This is the boy whom she has taken care of.
二、关系副词引导的定语从句
1.关系副词也可以引导定语从句
关系副词在从句中分别表示时间。地点或原因。关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语，where 充当地点状语，why充当原因状语。
2. that可引导定语从句表示时间。地点或原因
That有时可以代替关系副词 when，where 或者why引导定语从句表示时间。地点或原因，在that引导的这种定语从句中，that也可以省去。
三、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
1.二者差异比较
限制定语从句紧跟先行词，同先行词这间一般不加逗号，仅修饰先行词，可以由关系代词。关系副词或that来引导。非限制性定语从句仅作补充或说明，用逗号与主句隔开，既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句，不可用that引导。
2.关系代词和关系副词的选择依据
（1） 弄清代替先行词的关系词在从句中作什么成分，作状语的应选用关系副词，作主语。宾语或表语的可选用关系代词。
3.先行词与定语从句隔离
定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后，但定语从句与先行词之间有时也会插入别的成分，构成先行词与定语从句的隔离。例如：
1）This is the article written by him that Is poke to you about……
2）He was the only person in this country who was invited
四、as在定语从句中的用法
1. 引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
（1）as多与such 或the same连用，可以代替先行词是人或物的名词。
（2）as 也可单独使用，引导非限制性定语从句，作用相当于which.例如：
The elephant's nose is like a snake，as anybody can see.
（3）the same--- that与 the same ---as在意思上是不同的。
2.as引导的非限制性定语从句的位置
as引导的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活，可以位于主句前面。中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开，但which所引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。例如：
（1）As is expected，the England team won the football match.
（2）The earth runs around the sun，as is known by everyone.
3.as, which的比较
1).在非限制性定语从句中，均可替代整个主句或句中某个部分，在从句中作主语，宾语，表语．如从句在主句之后，两者皆可用
They failed in the exam, as/which is natural.
She seems a scientist, as/which in fact she is.
Grammar is not a set of dead rules, which/as I have said before.
2).如从句在主句之前，用as
As we all know, his parents were killed in this war.
As is known to all, the earth travels around the sun.
3).如关系代词代表主句全句意思，有“正如．．．”“就象．．．”之意时，用as
We won the match, as we had expected. He agreed to the plan, as was to be expected.
4). 当先行项被the same, such, so修饰时，用as
This is the same book as you bought yesterday.同类书 (比较：This is the
same book that you bought yesterday.同一本书)
Don’t believe in such men as praise you to your face.
I never give my students so difficult a question as no one can work out.
5). 当从句内容对主句内容起消极作用，则用which
The young man cheated his friend out of much money, which was disgraced.
6). as 也可以用来引导非限制性定语从句， 用来指待一件事，这时它的位置可以放在句首、句中和句尾。
He is an American, as/which we know from his accent. As we know from his accent, he is an American.
He, as we know from his accent, is an American. As has been said above, grammar is not a set of dead rules.
Grammar, as has been said above, is not a set of rules.
Grammar is not a set of dead rules, as/which has been said above.
正如: As everyone knows, as you may still remember, as you said, as I
can see, as has been mentioned above, as you may have heard, and etc.
【主要考点】
考点一:that 与which 的区别
只用that的情况:
1. 先行词为all, little, much, everything, nothing, something, anything等不定代词
2.先行词被all, little, much, every, no, 等修饰时。
3.先行词被序数词或最高级修饰先行词前有序数词(the first),形容词最高级(the best), the
Last，the very, the only 等时。
4. 先行词为人和物的组合
5.若主句中有疑问代词 who 或者 which，为了避免重复, 关系代词不要再用 who, which，而用 that。
只用which的情况:
1,逗号后面 2,介词后面
考点二:介词+关系代词
提醒: 介词﹢关系代词引导的定语从句, 关键是判断介词的选择.
方法一:根据从句中动词与先行词习惯搭配 方法二:根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系
注意：关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。此时关
系代词只能用which 或 whom; 不可用that 或who 代替，但遇固定词组时，介词一般紧跟词组主体，不作前置 ，Is this the book (which/that) you are looking for ?
考点三 Whose 用法及转换形式
1. whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。
That’s the child whose father is a teacher
2.whose引导定语从句，其先行词不仅可以指人，还可以指物。
Do you know the woman whose husband is a doctor? This is a book whose cover is green.
3. whose的先行词指物时, 可用of which代替, 但词序不同，
即whose+名词=the +n + of which
=of which + the + n.
He lives in the room whose window faces south.
= He lives in the room, the window of which faces south.
= He lives in the room, of which the window faces south
考点四：as与which引导的定语从句
两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，但下列情况多用as。
1. 当与such或as 连用时，一般用as。
2. as 引导的从句可以放在句首, as 本身有“正如…..正象…”之意，与之连用的词有 know, see, expect, announce, point out 等。e.g. As we all know, the earth is round.
考点五: that 与who的区别
在anyone, those, he/she/I / they作先行词时, 用”who” 代替 “that”.
Anyone _____breaks the law is punished. Those _____ break the law are punished.
He _____ breaks the law is punished.
考点六:如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词?
I will never forget the day when I first went to school. I will never forget the day that we spent in Beijing.
The house which we visited is being repaired now. The house where Luxun once lived is being repaired now.
考点七:定语从句中主谓一致问题
定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。
1.I am not one who __is____afraid of difficulty． 2.Don‘t choose me, who ____am___not fit for this job．
考点八：以抽象地点(mark, situation, case, point, scene, business，occasion等)作先行词的定语从句中关系词一般用where，occasion作先行词时也可以用when.
❸ 考研英语一与英语二的区别
您好！
1、对于考研，两者适用的学科不同：
英语一：十三大门类，110个一级学科、8类（法律硕士版含法学专权业与非法学专业）专业硕士适用：临床医学，口腔医学，公共卫生，护理，法律硕士（非法学专业），法律硕士（法学专业），汉语国际教育，建筑学，城市规划。
英语二：工商管理，公共管理 ，会计，旅游管理，图书情报，工程管理，审计。
2、分值有所不同；完型填空和阅读理解分值一样，主观题有所不同。英语一翻译10分，英语二15分。小作文一样，大作文英语一20分，英语二15分。
3、难度的不同：总的来说，英语一难度要比英语二高，体现在词汇的选取和长难句的难度。
望采纳~
❹ 英语表否定的副词
hardly 几乎不 ;rarely 很少 ;few 没几个 ;seldom 很少 ;scarcely 极少
❺ 不会做考研英语阅读怎么办
找出句子主干
为什么要找句子主干，因为英文是“形意双合”的语言，句子形式上的主干要表达该句所要表达的中心意思，也就是说，找出了句子的主干，这句话你基本上看懂了80%，句子中的其它修饰语都围绕主干中的成分展开。
英语有着中文完全不同的写作规律，有时候甚至是非常死板，如
1、英文的主干一般只有一个谓语动词，要出现其它谓语动词，必须要动用从句形成主从复合句，或者动用连词形成并列句。
2、并列连词连接的结构如同中文的对联一样，不但形式要对称和工整，连意思也要基本相近，光是这点就能解决不少生词难题。
3、所有分词、不定式、动名词都是由相关的从句简化而来。
4、形容词和定语永远修饰某一个特定的名词和代词，介词基本上都和名词在一起，副词修饰动词、形容词和副词。
通过主干把握作者的态度观点
上句中即使你不认识主语concertgoers以及从句中的substitute不知道是什么意思，但是通过关系代词who肯定能知道这个先行词肯定是人，于是至少可以得出作者对于“主语concertgoers”这些人是持否定态度的，因为后面的missing明显是一个消极意义的词汇。通过仅有的信息判断作者的好恶是阅读理解中的一个非常重要的技能。
通过后面的文字补充理解首句内容
从上面的角度出发，至少不会发生意识形态方面的错误，这句是首句，后面作者肯定还会展开，通过简单的逻辑思维，你仍然可以通过后面的文字对本句进行补充理解，还原生词的本来面目，我们平常在阅读时就要做类似的猜词训练，在查词典和看答案之前，先认真猜猜生词的词义是阅读的必备技能，但是很可惜，绝大多数人看见一个稍微不认识的词手心就开始出冷汗，心情跌入到谷底，而不是冷静地进行分析。
在一般情况下，你永远不要期望你在阅读过程中会认识所有的词，因为即使你知道某些单词的某一个意思，在语境中它完全是另外一个意思，而这个方面正是考研英语的重点考查内容。
总结
考研英语尤其是英语一是公认的难度较大的考试，你不要期望阅读理解中的所有词汇你都认识，即使是你认识的词汇，极有可能也是熟词僻意，如何根据大部分的单词信息，掌握英文的语法框架和写作规律，大部分问题通过简单的逻辑推理都能迎刃而解。
❻ as在考研英语中的用法
一. 介词
(一)好像：
They enteredthe building disguised as cleaners.
他们化装成清洁工人的模样进入了大楼。
(二) 作为，当作：
I am tempted to define “journalism” as a term of contempt.
我禁不住将新闻业定义为一个蔑视的称谓。
(be temptedto 直译为“被诱惑”，但是用I 做主语的时候最好转译为：禁不住，愿意，会等)
He has elected the activity of thinking as his primary ty.
他已经选择了思考的行为作为他主要的责任
( elect = choose)
His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute.
他作为音乐评论家的声誉一直饱受争议。
二. 副词
(一)
1.As(副词)+形容词或副词+as(介词)+名词 (构成比较结构)
The dress is twice as expesive as that one.
(倍数加在第一个as前)
I haven’t known him as long as you.
= I haven’t known him as long as you (have done).
我认识他的时间没有你认识他的时间久。
2.As(副词)+ 形容词或副词+as (连词)+句子(构成比较结构)
(1)He looks as ill as he sounded on the phone.
他的样子和他在电话中说话的声音所反映的病情是一样的。
(2)His eyes aren’t quite as blue as they lookin the film.
他的眼睛不像在电影里见到的那样蓝。
(3)IQ tests are not given as often as theyused to be.
智商测试不像以前那样经常被使用了。
(二).As (副词)：像，如，和…无不同。
As beforehe remained unmoved.
和过去一样，他无动于衷。
三. 连词
(一) 表时间
I watched her as she combed her hair.
她梳头的时候我一直看着她
(二) 表原因(常放在句首)
As you weren’t there I left a message.
因为你不在那里，我留了个信儿。
(三)表示让步 (常放在形容词或者副词后)
Simple as the picture is, the symbolic meaningbehind it is as deep as ocean.
尽管图画很简单，但是其背后的寓意却非常深刻。
(四) 表示方式
They did as I had asked.
他们是按照我的要求做的。
四. 关系代词(在牛津词典中还是归结在连词中，但是在理解的时候理解为代词更容易，所以一直都用代词词性进行讲解)
As (关系代词指代后面的句子) is shown above, +主句
现在再来看这个句子：
Nor, if regularity and conformity to a standard pattern are as desirable to the scientist as the writing of his
papers would appear to reflect, is management to be blamed for discriminating against the“odd balls” among
researchers in favor of more conventional thinkers who work well with the team.
前半句中的as…as…就不再是比较结构了。
这里第二个as是关系代词，指代的是：regularity and conformity to a standard pattern;
调整一下语序就是：
If regularity and conformity to a standard pattern as the writing of scientist’s papers would appear to reflect are as desirable to him，
As desirable 中的as 为副词(3)，如…
如果，科学家的论文写作中所反映出的对于标准模板的一致性和规则性，(如果，科学家的论文写作中所反映出来的对于标准模板的遵从和一致，)正是他们所想要的话，那么…
后半句顺便再说一下是个倒装：
management is not to be blamed for discriminating against the “odd balls” among researchers in favor of more conventional thinkers who work well with the team.