电力英语作文

① 关于做好电力工程的英语作文

Power shortage a serious impediment to the development of the national economy. Experience around the world shows that the pace of development of electricity proction should be higher than the growth rate of other sectors, in order to promote the coordinated development of the national economy, so the electric power instry has been called an economic "vanguard."
If China's economic development is likened to the "body", then the power engineering construction is undoubtedly support the body flexible movement "bones." How can I ask a healthy body able to leave strong bones it? Continuously push forward the construction of power like the bones provides unlimited energy, plenty of energy supply is a strong guarantee for the effective functioning of the body of the function.
2012, by the world economic recovery is slow and the impact of domestic macro-control, China's economic growth continued decelerating trend, the annual GDP 51.9322 trillion yuan, calculated at comparable prices, an increase of 7.8% over the previous year. Since 2000, China's power consumption, the proction rate has been higher than GDP growth, which makes electricity (proction, consumption) long-term elasticity coefficient greater than 1, so that the energy consumption per unit of GDP has been difficult to come down, indicating that the strong momentum of China's electricity consumption .
"Twelve Five" will be a key period for China's development mode transformation of electricity, power companies have to seize the opportunity to accelerate the innovation and development, adhere to conservation priority, a priority to develop hydropower, optimizing the development of coal, to develop nuclear power, and actively promote new energy generation, moderate development of gas central power, local conditions to develop distributed generation, to accelerate the construction of a strong smart grid, promote the development of the equipment instry, and promote the harmonious development of the green. "Twelve Five" period, the country's electricity instry investment will reach 5.3 trillion yuan, than the "Eleventh Five" increased by 68%. Aspects of power project construction, "Twelve Five Year Plan" power investment of about 2.75 trillion yuan, accounting for 52% of all electricity investments. By 2015, the national power generation capacity will reach 1.437 billion kilowatts, an average annual increase of 8.5%. Among them, water is 284 million kilowatts, 41 million kilowatts pumped storage, coal 933 million kilowatts, 43 million kilowatts of nuclear power, natural gas power 30 million kilowatts, 100 million kilowatts of wind power, solar power 2 million kilowatts, biomass power generation and other 300 million kilowatts.
Power grid construction, "Twelve Five Year Plan" grid investment of about 2.55 trillion yuan, accounting for 48% of total electricity investment. In 2015 the country will form the north, east and central China UHV power grid as the core of the "three vertical and three horizontal" main grid. Ximeng, Mengxi, Zhangbei, North Shaanxi energy base by three longitudinal UHV transmission channel to the north, east and central China, northern coal, Southwest Water through three lateral UHV access to the north, central and Yangtze River Delta UHV power transmission ring.
The rapid development of power engineering construction and reasonable structure for China's economic development provides a strong guarantee, robust "bones" to promote the sound and rapid development of national economy.
电力不足严重阻碍着国民经济的发展。世界各国的经验表明，电力生产的发展速度应高于其他部门的发展速度，才能促进国民经济的协调发展，所以电力工业又被称为国民经济的“先行官”。
如果把我国的经济发展比作是“身体”，那么，电力工程建设无疑就是支撑身体灵活运动的“筋骨”。试问一个健康的身体怎能离得开强健的筋骨呢?电力工程建设的不断推进就像是为筋骨提供了无限的能量，充沛的能量供应是身体各项机能有效运作的有力保障。
2012年，受世界经济复苏缓慢和国内宏观调控的影响，我国经济增长延续减速态势，全年国内生产总值519322亿元，按可比价格计算，比上年增长7.8%。自2000年以来，中国电力消费、生产的速度一直高于GDP增速，这使得电力(生产、消费)弹性系数长期大于1，因此单位GDP能耗一直难以降下来，说明我国的电力消费势头强劲。
“十二五”将是我国转变电力发展方式的关键时期，电力企业须抓住机遇，加快创新发展，坚持节约优先、优先开发水电、优化发展煤电、大力发展核电、积极推进新能源发电、适度发展天然气集中发电、因地制宜发展分布式发电、加快推进坚强智能电网建设、带动装备工业发展、促进绿色和谐发展。“十二五”期间，全国电力工业投资将达到5.3万亿元，比“十一五”增长68%。电源工程建设方面，“十二五”规划电源投资约为2.75万亿元，占全部电力投资的52%。2015年，全国发电装机容量将达到14.37亿千瓦左右，年均增长8.5%。其中，水电为2.84亿千瓦，抽水蓄能4100万千瓦，煤电9.33亿千瓦，核电4300万千瓦，天然气发电3000万千瓦，风电1亿千瓦，太阳能发电200万千瓦，生物质能发电及其他300万千瓦。
电网建设方面，“十二五”规划电网投资约2.55万亿元，占电力总投资的48%。2015年全国将形成以华北、华东、华中特高压电网为核心的“三纵三横”主网架。锡盟、蒙西、张北、陕北能源基地通过三个纵向特高压交流通道向华北、华东、华中地区送电，北部煤电、西南水电通过三个横向特高压交流通道向华北、华中和长三角特高压环网送电。
电力工程的快速发展和合理的建设结构为我国的经济发展提供了有力保障，强健的“筋骨”促进了我国国民经济的又好又快发展。

② 电力英文翻译

系统建模

图。抄 1显示了简化单线图的袭220千伏， 50赫兹， 200公里的交流输电线路的影响。

输入的220千伏输电线路是由13.8千伏同步发电机的故障水平约1000和300增值， 13.8/220

千伏变压器。总督和励磁也仿照同机。

尽头的线连接到一个无限母线通过300增值， 220/13.8千伏变压器。

直流系统在每一个中立提供从现有的空调系统，由12个脉冲桥梁。高通滤波器，用于在中立的连接分流的高频成分，其中包括50 ，地球。控件中使用的直流系统主要是那些CIGRE基准模型[ 11 ]修改，以适应减少电压（ 20千伏）和电源（ 5兆瓦） 。

整流器控制工程在正常运行中的恒电流模式。该逆变器在正常操作时的作品在不断γ -控制模式，并已纳入马恒流控制，以满足条件时，整流器公司经营的最低限制在 （这个实在看不懂，就没翻译）和动态条件。

③ 求一篇关于电力改革或者差别电价的英文文章

Innovation in Electric Power?
Electric power is often considered the most transformative technology of the past 100 years. Its near universal adoption in our homes and workplaces (e.g., to power appliances, communications, and computers) is indeed remarkable. As a result, the electric instry today boasts $600 billion in assets in the U.S., as well as yearly sales of $260 billion (double that of the telecom instry). However, many believe that the business model by which the U.S. and Midwest proces and delivers electric power is outmoded and subpar. Movement toward a more competitive framework can be expected to proce innovations that would achieve significant cost rections, greater reliability, and a cleaner environment.

The executive director of the Northeast-Midwest Institute, Dick Munson, has recently written a book entitled From Edison to Enron, which recounts the history of electricity and suggests an innovation-based vision for the future of the power instry.

In it, Munson describes major shifts in the electric power instry since its inception. At the dawn of the twentieth century, Chicago mogul Samuel Insull combined many small neighboring electric generation facilities, which achieved economies of scale and balanced loads throughout the day. In doing so, Insull was able to lower prices and increase reliability, thereby expanding the market and use of the proct. At the time of his company’ peak in the 1920s, it served 4 million customers in 32 states.

Insull’s innovations transcended the physical proction process. Tired of dealing with (and compensating) many local governments for the rights to serve fragmented local markets, Insull successfully pushed for state level regulation of electric power. And so, the state-regulated monopoly model eventually became the national norm. This bargain provided reliable power at regulated prices to consumers in return for state-sanctioned rates of return on investment for utility owners.

Though this model remained intact for most of the twentieth century, Insull’s business empire eventually collapsed amidst charges of corrupt business practices. Munson draws a thoughtful parallel between Samuel Insull’s business and Kenneth Lay’s Enron Corporation. Laying aside the later collapse of Enron, its futuristic business model for electric power proction and delivery, trading across the broad geography of the United States, continues to shape the instry today. It is a model of competitive power proction and, in some instances, competitive delivery, in which indivial power procers have the incentive to innovate because they have a broad market in which to sell their proct.

What are the possible gains (i.e., possible innovations) in following this new business model? According to Munson, the costs to businesses of power interruptions are on the order of $120 billion per year under the existing state-regulated monopoly model. Yet, under this older model, almost no research and development (R&D) takes place by the instry. At a recent book chat at the Chicago Fed, Munson said, “Last year, R&D expenditures by the dog food instry exceeded those of public utilities.”

Munson believes that we are on the verge of a vast array of innovations, if only they are not blocked by existing legislation and the old business model. In particular, progressive techniques for co-generation and other recycling of energy and waste energy are capable of procing remarkable efficiency gains. For instance, Scandanavian countries such as Finland are leading the way in co-generation, achieving upwards of 80% energy efficiency in electric power–heat proction. And from an environmental perspective, efficiency gains from such techniques are every bit as “clean” as those touted from alternative fuels.

The Great Lakes region could become a leader in reforming its power instry if it chose to do so. However, if the region is to acheve a workable model of competition, a large and well-managed infrastructure must be put into place which would allow buyers and sellers to readily trade electric power (link).

In the meantime, the monumental price-spike disaster in California five years ago, following its experiment to decouple power proction from the distribution of electric power, continues to give policymakers great pause. For instance, Illinois passed the Restructuring Act of 1997 that began to decouple power generation businesses from the power delivery and service businesses. In northern Illinois, very large customers (e.g., big corporations) began to negotiate their own purchases of electric power, while their local utility company typically maintained the responsibility for delivering it. For smaller customers, particularly residential customers, decoupling was deferred until 2007, and rates were frozen (actually lowered 20 percent) until that time. In the meantime, independent power procers were encouraged to get on to the delivery network. After 2006, the utility company, Commonwealth Edison (CE), will act as a purchasing agent for residential customers, buying power from independent procers through an auction process and passing along both distribution charges and power costs to consumers.

After the rate freeze expires, CE will require a rate increase to pay for its infrastructure investments in the distribution system since 1997. In 2005, some critics feared that the particular process by which CE would bid for power would raise customer rates unly. And so, the prospect of a price spike for residential customers when the price freeze expires contributed to an outcry over CE’s plans to move to the auction process in 2007. Nonetheless, plans for this next phase of deregulation were approved by the state’s regulatory authority.

Much like residential and small customers in most of the nation, those in Illinois have enjoyed a long period of stable or declining prices. From 1995 to 2005, the real or inflation adjusted price of electric power has declined by an annual average of 4.4 percent. Of course, electric bills have climbed along with the increasing consumption of electricity in powering home electronics and electrical appliances.

The chart below displays average electric revenues (so-called average prices) for providing electric power to residential customers in the Seventh District states. Price rises since have been tame or have declined in real terms.

Click to enlarge image.

However, residential electric prices will soon be rising, on average, in the Midwest and nationwide. That is because fuel costs, including those for natural gas, coal, and petroleum, have been rising sharply for power generators, much as they have been rising in other end-use sectors (link). Because of lags in the passing through of fuel costs in the quasi-regulated environment, small customers in the residential sector have not yet felt the impact of fuel price rises (which typically make up two-thirds or so of delivered electricity costs for residential consumers). But the pass-through of rising fuel costs is now “in the pipeline.”

The rising prices for electric power are likely to confuse and frustrate many customers who will associate price hikes with the shifting regulatory structure of the instry, especially those who remember the mistaken path to deregulation taken by California. It will be a shame if their confusion and frustration over rising prices stalls the necessary innovations in power proction that Dick Munson envisions for the Midwest in the years ahead.

http://midwest.chicagofedblogs.org/archives/2006/02/innovation_in_e.html

④ 谁有有关电厂的专业英语作文急需悬赏50拜托了

[electric power plant] is a form of primitive energy (such as hydro, steam, diesel and gas) into electricity for fixed facilities or transport electricity power plant (nuclear power plants, wind farms, solar power plants, etc.) . Thermal power

Thermal power generation is thermal power generation by combustion of fuel (coal, petroleum and its procts, natural gas, etc.) are obtained. Thermal power generating units, there are two main forms: the use of high temperature and high pressure steam boiler steam turbine driven rotary impulse generator, called the Turbine; fuel into the gas turbine thermal energy directly into mechanical energy to drive a generator for power generation, known as gas turbine power generation unit. Usually refers to the power plant turbine generator-based power plants.
Thermal power plant consists of four key components, namely boilers, turbines, condenser, generator. Fuel combustion chemical energy is converted to heat water in the boiler is heated into steam, and steam driven turbine acting thermal energy, thermal energy into mechanical energy and electrical energy into mechanical energy generator, thus completing the entire power generation process.
Hydropower

Hydropower is the height of a river or lake, river) through the gap formed downstream of diversion leads to push the rotating turbine driven generator. In hydro power plants group known as hydroelectric plants.
Hydroelectric power plant performance by reservoir regulation can be divided into:
① Radial hydropower plant: no reservoir, basically to how much electricity a hydropower plant water hair;
② Japanese Adjustable hydropower plant: a small reservoir, regulating reservoir for a day and night cycle, day and night will be a natural flow through reservoir regulation of hydropower generation;
③ Adjustable hydropower plant in: natural runoff within a year of each month to optimize distribution, regulation, the wet into the reservoir of excess water, turn on the water to ensure the dry season hydropower generation.
④ Adjustable hydropower plant for many years: the natural inflow for many years to optimize the uneven distribution, regulation, large multi - year regulating reservoir capacity, the excess amount of water stored in reservoirs wet years, dry years the water shortage supplement to ensure Adjustable output power plants.
Nuclear power

Nuclear power is the use of the atomic reactor fuel (such as uranium) fission slowly release heat to generate steam (instead of the power plant boiler) and then drive steam turbine driven generator rotating power. In nuclear power plants mainly known as nuclear power plants, referred to as nuclear power plants. Depending on the type of nuclear reactors, nuclear power plants can be divided into type PWR, BWR-type, gas-cooled reactor type, CANDU type, fast breeder reactor type and the like.
Wind power

Use of wind blowing on the top of the tower built in large blades rotating wind driven generator called by a few blocks, a dozen or even dozens of seats composed of wind turbine power generation site called wind farms.
Other new energy

Such as geothermal power plants, tidal power plants, solar power plants.

⑤ 合理地运用的电力英文

To correct and standardize the operation,control,management of the power system.Can accurately test electrical equipment.Have a certain design,development,manufacturing electrical equipment base.

⑥ 电力英语文章 求一篇两千字左右的和电力有关的英文文章 最好带翻译 没有也成 谢谢啦

The protection of power transformers may be divided into
two groups: against overloads and against short circuits (which
may or not involve earth). The main protection of power
transformers is usually performed by differential relays (87),
gas relays installed in the main tank (63) and in the on load tap
changer tank (63C) and safety devices for pressure relief
(63VS). On the other hand, usually non-directional
overcurrent relays (51) with inverse or very-inverse time
curves are applied to provide backup protection. These
overcurrent relays in most cases also have an instantaneous
unit (50).
Overcurrent and differential relays should be fed by
independent current transformers. The operation of any of the
previously cited relays should trip the circuit breakers
responsible for disconnecting the power transformer. In order
to avoid unnecessary outages, these relays should not operate
ring magnetizing transients or when overloads are tolerable.
Gas and differential relays are considered selective, so their
operation usually implies the existence of internal faults in the
transformer and the necessity of maintenance. Consequently,
when they detect a fault they not only send trip signals to
circuit breakers in order to interrupt the fault, but also lock
them open through the lockout relay (86). Since nondirectional
overcurrent relays may operate when the fault isexternal, they only switch circuit breakers to the open position
through the operation of an auxiliary relay (94).
This typical protection scheme is shown in figure 1. Part of
the previously cited protective devices are supplied with the
transformer (63, 63C, 63VS) and part are installed in panels
located in the substation control room (87, 51, 86, 94). More
information on these relays and on power transformer
protection systems may be found in [3].

翻译：
电力变压器的保护可以分为两组:防止过载和防止短路（可能涉及地线 )。电力变压器的主要保护通常是由变压器差动继电器(87),主槽上的气体继电器(63)和转换槽上的负荷开关(63C)和减压的安全设备(63VS)。另一方面,通常有反时特性曲线的非定向过流继电器常用来提供后备保护。这些过电流继电器在大多数情况下也有个瞬时单位(50)。
过载电流和差动继电器应该由独立电流互感器供电。任何对于前期引用继路器的操作应当由于失去和电力变压器的链接而触发断电器。为了避免不必要的中断,这些继电器不应在磁化瞬变或者过载可承受的时候进行操作。
气体和差动继电器是可选的,所以它们操作通常意味着在继电器中存在内部故障和变压器需要必要维护。因此，当他们探查到一个错误，它们为了防止故障发生不仅发出触发信号给断电器，同时也闭锁继电器。由于过流继电器在故障出现时可以自动修复，它们仅仅在使用辅助继电器的时候将断电器的开关切换到开的位置
这款典型的保护方案如图1所示。部分前期引用保护装置由变压器(63,63C,63VS)来支持，部分则安装在位于变电站控制房间的面板上(87,51 86,94)。更多。关于这些继电器和电力变压器保护系统的信息可在[3]中找到。

⑦ 求一篇有关电力系统的英文文献（最好带翻译）！不胜感激

已经发了附件，英文版的，非常齐全的电力系统，可惜没有中文翻译，不过有图片等，应该不难理解。