① 抵制誘惑所帶來的良好習慣的英語四級作文
其實沒來有想像中的那麼難，只要有自恆心，一定會過的！ 四級考試的重點在聽力、閱讀和寫作，所以想要通過必須在這些方面多下功夫。當然每個人的學習方法不同，我把我當初備考時的經驗給你參考一下。
1.首先，不要拿著四級詞彙天天背，那是毫無效果的，詞彙的記憶必須結合相應的文章。所以背詞彙不如背英語短文。我當初背的就是新概念2、3冊，還有瘋狂英語！
2.英語是一門語言，想想我們是怎麼樣學語文的，那就是實踐。沒有英語環境，我們得自己創造。聽力我當初保證每天半小時到一小時，這是泛聽。另外定期做聽力測試--精聽！
3.閱讀，每天至少保證一篇。這樣既可以培養語感，也可以復習詞彙和句法！
4.作文，每星期保證3~5篇，如果能交給老師或英語好的同學給你改回更好！
5.另外，基礎語法也很重要，一邊做以上練習，一邊把語法復習了會事半功倍的。尤其是復合句方面的語法。
6.考四級不如說是考毅力和恆心，只要你具備這兩個，加上良好的方法，想不過都難
② 一篇很刺激的作文，英語作文，小學生60字。
My summer holiday
Last year,I had a good holiday in Dalian,I went to the summer camp with my brother.It was such a wonderf journey.I played the water with my brother.And in the afternoon,we had lunch on the grass.Our food was made in the fast food restaurant.It was so delicious that my brother and I all liked it.And in the evening,I finished my homework,then I helped my brother study the English grammar.Then we went to bed .
What a beautiful day! we couldn't stay there for a long time.So I decided that I must study hard and then go into the universities in Dalian.
③ 英語作文,當你在網購時候,可以做什麼來抵制誘惑 m.zw.liuxue86.com
Ditto part, we mentioned from root cause. One of the students like to play the game, because he felt that learning is boring, and the game is exciting. A gambler put money to gamble because he felt that if we can win a bet on a lot of money is happy, and labor is hard to make money; In a network game fan's eyes, though ll, but it is a lot easier than the upgrades than the life of, is happy, and doom is hard; A person work was lazy, because he thought it was easy, and stressful lifestyle can improve efficiency, can choose a suitable text book he felt pain can be seen, the temptation to lure us to get them, because they can more easily and directly bring us happy to enjoy, so we can't wait to get it. By contrast, study, work is bitter. One party is easy and happy, the other party is obvious pain, happy people are willing to choose at this moment, this is a human instinct to great suffering, the root cause of this instinct is unable to resist the temptation.
But, we know, those brilliant achievements, are only successful ate a lot of bitter, why are they asking for bitter to eat? Are they in a pain for a pleasure? Actually otherwise, no one to get up early late from work and don't feel tired, no one don't think it is interesting to entertainment, no one feel tired of waist sour backache is comfortable, not people think it is hard to sleep lie-in at the weekend to choose a suitable text book all about things is roughly the same emotional experience, "take a pain for a pleasure" is that they help their improve self-control is a psychological suggestion method. So why are they asking for bitter to eat? They are to target through a bitter and get more and more long-term happiness. The eyes of most people in the eyes, only for the pleasure of, but later in the day to enre for a long time, "a young don't work hard," idle young, needy old. A successful person, they "do", and cherish the time; They believe that "s) in the practise,". They think of the happy and earn thousands of yuan a month in the future compared to now play the game of happiness; Compared with the happy live a luxury villa in the future, now sleep in happiness; Compared with the poor life in the future things, now the study of small; And in the sometimes unfair society in the future are bullied compared to self-defense, vanity and pride are small now, And old age were compared children complain and regret things all day long, now work of insignificant. They are also great for preventing bitter, but have laughed, avoid is big. There is a classic example in this respect, vice President of the United States Wilson's childhood. Wilson left home ten years old, for 11 years of apprenticeship, can accept each year a month of school ecation, finally, after 11 years of hard work, he got a six cows and sheep as a reward. Wilson, replace them with 84 silver dollars. , he recalls, from birth until the age of 21, he didn't spend a dollar on entertainment, every cent is calculated. However, before his 21 years old, he has managed to read a good book one thousand - I'm afraid it is hard for anyone. 21 years didn't spend a dollar money on entertainment, it would be as a model of temptation.
So what should we do can we improve the ability of resisting temptation?
There are many books mentioned improve self-control method, for I am not agree with these methods, because some methods of execution itself is a painful process, for a man who had to suffer the pain, such methods can be effective? So in my research, pay attention to the method must be easy to implement, get twice the result with half the effort. Compared with the increase of napoleon hill self-control seven method, has certain enlightening. These seven methods are summarized into seven c: cause, clock, contacts, concept, communication,
Commitments, concern. Inspired by them, applied psychology knowledge, in combination with the practical experience of their own, I think these methods are effective:
Resist the temptation method one: the comparison method. Modelled on the successful way of thinking, let's calm down and take some time to analyse: results of failure are all made of the cause and effect; If we put our minds dedicated to use on the study and work, namely, resist the temptation to what we will get the results; If we put our mind to use in other ways, namely, to resist temptation, what we will get the consequences. So that we can make a list, we enre hardships now, fill in table form in the future will get happiness; Now eager to seek happiness, the future will bear any pain.
④ 英語達人請進,求助一篇英語作文,以抵制生活中的誘惑為主題的小弟感激不盡!
I know a boy, he was one of his most admirable students, which is also very common for students. He only had one thing it is successfully from 200 kg to 140 kg weight loss success. I asked the boys why admire the students. He said that the living will be able to resist the temptation to eat too much of it is the perseverance. modern face of all kinds of temptations, often difficult to resist. For example, Ms discount brands suddenly, I lost BA glibly wonderful, he does not need to buy a lot of things happily home. is a few days before the deep cuts. For instance, a clearly do not like boys, but it has succumbed to temptation. free wining, dining out with him. Then a few days of self-review. How to resist the temptation? We are not, after all, the challenge of saints. The Fool is non Xinhua. if you are an ordinary person, you have the desire, The trench will fill the hearts of grievances. not really say the difficulty and courage than yes. There are many other world more difficult to resist the temptation, such as money, fame, sex, and you are smart, you also have resisted what?
⑤ 誰幫忙找10篇英語作文帶翻譯的
望採納，謝謝，十篇加翻譯奉上
When I was small, I was taught that we should help others, though it was not our ty, we should take no hesitation to do it. Today, the economy develops, but people become selfish, they care so much about their benefit, when it comes to help others, some will ask if there is a reward. It seems that they need some temptation to take the kind act. In my opinion, we should help others without asking a reward, when we help others, we will have the sense of satisfaction, what』s more, once we are in the trouble, people will help us, it is the best return. We are not alone, helping each other makes the world become beautiful.
當我還小的時候，我被教育我們應該幫助別人，雖然那不是我們的責任，但是我們應該毫不猶豫去做。今天，經濟發展了，但是人們變得自私，他們很在意自己的利益，當談到幫助別人的時候，一些人會問有沒有回報。似乎他們需要一些誘惑才會去做這樣善意的舉動。在你我看來，我們應該幫助別人，不求回報，當我們幫助了別人，會有滿足感，而且，一旦我們有困難，人們也會幫助我們，這是最好的回報。我們不是獨自一人，互相幫助讓這個世界變得美好。
On the New Year』s Eve, after finishing the dinner, for most Chinese people, they will sit at home, watching the Spring Festival Gala with their families. The show has been a tradition for us, in our parents』 generation, Spring Festival Gala is popular, even though today many new forms of amusement are invented, which makes the gala less popular, yet the traditional show still wins people』s attention. It has become part of people』s life, most people will open their TV and watch it in the big day. I will watch the show, maybe most of the parts do not attract my attention, but it is the happy time for me to stay with my family. I enjoy the moment.
在除夕夜，吃完晚飯後，對於大部分中國人來說，他們會在家裡坐著，和家人觀看春晚。這個節目對我們來說已經成為了一個傳統，在我們父母那一代，春晚就很受歡迎，即使今天，產生了很多新型的娛樂形式，使得春晚變得不再那麼受歡迎，然而這個傳統的節目仍然贏得人們的關注。春晚已經成為人們生活的一部分，大部分人會在除夕打開電視來觀看它。我會觀看春晚，也許節目大部分並不吸引我的眼球，但卻是我和家人在一起的快樂時光。我享受這個時刻。
We live in a world that surrounded by people, we need to communicate with others, for the purpose of share our emotions and keep survive. While some people have social phobia, they are afraid of talking to others, they can』t make the social communication. This is such a big illness, but they can overcome it. First, they need to take the positive attitude to life, having more communication with others can enriches their knowledge, they can share happiness and sorrow with friends, when they are in trouble, friends will help them. Second, they should open their hearts, don』t be afraid of talking to others, once the mouths are opened, the world will be lit up.
我們生活在一個被人群包圍的世界，我們需要和別人進行交流，為了和別人分享我們的情感和在這個世界生存。然而一些人有社交恐懼症，他們害怕和別人聊天，無法進行社交。這是很嚴重的病，但是他們可以克服。第一，他們需要對生活抱有積極的態度，和別人進行多點交流，可以豐富他們的知識，也可以和朋友分享喜怒哀樂，當遇到困難的時候，朋友會幫助他們。第二，他們應該打開心扉，不要害怕和別人交流，一旦開口，世界將被點亮。
Before I was five years old, my parents gave me what I wanted, but as I became bigger, they changed their attitude towards me. My parents no longer satisfy me with all I want. When I want to buy a new dress, my mother won』t buy for me directly, she asks me to do something to exchange for it. Such as doing the housework or making progress in the study. What』s more, when I meet the difficulties, my parents won』t solve them for me immediately, instead, they will leave me to think about them and help me to solve them. What my parents do to me is right, it is my road to grow up.
在我五歲以前，我的父母給予我想要的東西，但是隨著我長大，他們對待我的態度發生了改變。我的父母不再滿足我想要的一切。當我想要買一條新裙子，媽媽不會立刻買給我，她會要求我去做一些事情，以此來交換。比如做家務或者學習上有所進步。而且，當我遇到困難了，我的父母不會立刻幫我解決，相反地，他們讓我自己思考問題，然後幫助我解決。父母對我做的是正確的，這是我的成長之路。
When I am making mistakes, my parents will never be angry with me. I am so thankful to them for they are so tolerant with me. I learn many things from my parents, they show me how to be a tolerant person. They will not blame me for the small mistake that I make, instead, they will ecate me in the gentle way. Unlike some parents who are strict to their kids, they will be very angry and said the hurting words, making the children feel sad. Being tolerant to other people』s mistakes is the best way to solve the problem. People will appreciate the kind act and make things goes on the easy way.
當我犯錯誤的時候，父母從來不和我生氣。我很感激他們如此寬容的對待我。我從父母那裡學到了很多東西，他們給我展示了如何成為一個寬容的人。他們不會因犯我犯的錯誤而責怪我，相反的，他們會用溫柔的方式教育我。不像其他父母，對孩子很嚴格，他們會生氣，並且說傷人的話語，令孩子感到難過。寬容對待別人的錯誤是解決問題的最好方法。人們會欣賞這樣善意的舉動，讓事情往簡單的方向走。
Last night, I read the news about a professor who wrote the paper 20 years ago. He did some research about asking people whether they were happy and he came up with the conclusion that happiness belonged to two kinds of people, they are the one who lived in peace and the other was who lived with great achievement. But 20 years later, he decided to revisit these people and he found that the conclusion about happiness he made before was wrong. Most people with great achievement felt not happy because they met setbacks. The professor came up with the new conclusion that the real happiness lies in the peaceful soul. This is the code of happiness.
昨晚，我閱讀了一則新聞關於一位教授20年前寫的一篇論文。他做了一些調查，詢問人們是否感到幸福，然後他得出結論，幸福屬於兩類人，那就是趨於平淡的人和取得非凡成就的人。但是20年以後，他決定重新去拜訪那些人，他發現他以前對幸福的結論是錯的。大部有著非凡成就的人並不感到開心，因為他們遭遇了大挫折。這位教授得出新的結論，真正的幸福在於心靈上的平靜。這就是幸福的密碼。
Recently, the live show is very popular, especially the show about the father how to get along with their children. The fathers are celebrities and they have the brilliant career. I am impressed by the fathers who are Olympic champions, their kids have the strong desire to win. When their fathers lose in the game, the kids will be very sad and can』t accept the result. No one can win all the time, we have to learn to accept the bad result. The kids think their fathers are NO.1, so they treat their fathers as the absolutely winners. Sometimes the strong desire is not good for the kids to grow up, they should have the positive attitude to the result.
最近，真人秀很流行，特別是有關父親如何與他們孩子相處的節目。那些父親都是名人，他們都有著傑出的事業。對於那些身為奧運冠軍的父親，我留下了很深的印象，他們的孩子有著強烈的願望要去贏。當父親們輸掉比賽時，孩子們會很傷心，無法接受結果。沒有人可以一直贏，我們要學會接受不好的結果。孩子認為他們的父親是第一名，因此他們把父親當作理所當然的贏家。有時候贏的強烈意願並不利於孩子的成長，他們應該樂觀對待結果。
My father is busy all the time, he always goes out very early and then goes home after very late. He doesn』t have much time to accompany me, my mother tells me that what he does is for the family, so I am considerate and get used to his absence. But recently, I found my father changed. He got more time to stay with me, he got home earlier and then taught me with my homework. I was so surprised and happy, this was the life I wanted all the time. I asked my father what happened, he said he wanted to spend more time with me, he realized it was the most important thing.
我的爸爸一直很忙，他總是早出晚下班。他沒有什麼時間陪伴我，媽媽告訴我爸爸所做的一切都是為了家庭，因此我體諒他，習慣了爸爸的缺席。但是最近，我發現爸爸變了。他有了更多的時間來陪伴我，他回家也早，還會教我做作業。我既吃驚也高興，這就是我一直想要的生活。我問爸爸發生了什麼事情，他說想要花更多時間來陪伴我，他意識到這才是最重要的事情。
Once I read the story that the little eagles needed to practice flying in the cliff before they could fly. The successful ones could fly and became the strong birds while the failed ones would crash and then died. The mother eagles are brutal to the babies, but this is the price of growing up. The little eagles who fail to fly would not live long in the natural competition. It makes me think of the children, some parents spoil the kids and they don』t realize it will destroy their children. The children need to learn the lessons, so that they can be the tough person. The road of being mature needs the price.
曾經我讀到一個故事，小鷹需要在會飛前在懸崖上練習飛翔。成功的小鷹就能夠起飛，變成強大的鳥，然而失敗的小鷹就會掉下懸崖而身亡。母鷹是如此殘忍地對待它們的孩子，但是這是成長的代價。那些無法飛翔的小鷹在自然的競爭中也活不久。這讓我想到了小孩子，有些家長溺愛孩子，沒有意識到這會毀了他們的孩子。孩子需要學到教訓，這樣他們才會成為堅強的人。成熟之路需要付出代價。
Tomorrow is Mid-autumn festival, since I don』t have go to school, so I want to take a break and have fun. Mid-autumn festival is a big day, in the tradition, the families will get together and have a big dinner. For me, I have made some plans. In the morning, I will go shopping with my sister, we will buy some delicious food, so as to prepare for the dinner. In the evening, after finishing the supper, I want to play some games with my family, since it is the precious moment for us get together, we must enjoy the moment. At last, we will watch the TV show, what a wonder night.
明天就是中秋節了，由於我不用去學校，因此我想要休息下，找下樂子。中秋節是個大日子，傳統上，家人們會聚在一起，吃一頓大餐。對於我來說，我制定了些計劃。早上，我將會我的姐姐購物，我們會買一些美味的食物，為晚餐來做些准備。晚上，吃完晚飯後，我想要和家人玩游戲，因為這對於我們來說是一個珍貴的時刻，我們必須要享受這個時刻。最後，我們會看電視節目，這是多麼美妙的一個夜晚啊。
⑥ 高分誘惑！200分！求人寫篇英語作文！
這個很專業很全
1.1Distinguishing Science and Pseudoscience
Rory Coker, Ph.D.
The word "pseudo" means fake. The surest way to spot a fake is to know as much as possible about the real thing—in this case, about science itself. Knowing science does not mean simply knowing scientific facts (such as the distance from earth to sun, the age of the earth, the distinction between mammal and reptile, etc.) It means understanding the nature of science—the criteria of evidence, the design of meaningful experiments, the weighing of possibilities, the testing of hypotheses, the establishment of theories, the many aspects of scientific methods that make it possible to draw reliable conclusions about the physical universe.
Because the media bombard us with nonsense, it is useful to consider the earmarks of pseudoscience. The presence of even one of these should arouse great suspicion. On the other hand, material displaying none of these flaws might still be pseudoscience, because its adherents invent new ways to fool themselves every day. Most of the examples in this article are related to my field of physics, but similar beliefs and behavior are associated with iridology, medical astrology, meridian therapy, reflexology, subluxation-based chiropractic, therapeutic touch, and other health-related pseudosciences.
Pseudoscience displays an indifference to facts.
Instead of bothering to consult reference works or investigating directly, its advocates simply spout bogus "facts" where needed. These fictions are often central to the pseudoscientist's argument and conclusions. Moreover, pseudoscientists rarely revise. The first edition of a pseudoscience book is almost always the last, even though the book remains in print for decades or even centuries. Even books with obvious mistakes, errors, and misprints on every page may be reprinted as is, over and over. Compare this to science textbooks that see a new edition every few years because of the rapid accumulation of new facts and insights.
Pseudoscience "research" is invariably sloppy.
Pseudoscientists clip newspaper reports, collect hearsay, cite other pseudoscience books, and pore over ancient religious or mythological works. They rarely or never make an independent investigation to check their sources.
Pseudoscience begins with a hypothesis—usually one which is appealing emotionally,
and spectacularly implausible—and then looks only for items which appear to support it.
Conflicting evidence is ignored. Generally speaking, the aim of pseudoscience is to rationalize strongly held beliefs, rather than to investigate or to test alternative possibilities. Pseudoscience specializes in jumping to "congenial conclusions," grinding ideological axes, appealing to preconceived ideas and to widespread misunderstandings.
Pseudoscience is indifferent to criteria of valid evidence.
The emphasis is not on meaningful, controlled, repeatable scientific experiments. Instead it is on unverifiable eyewitness testimony, stories and tall tales, hearsay, rumor, and bious anecdotes. Genuine scientific literature is either ignored or misinterpreted.
Pseudoscience relies heavily on subjective validation.
Joe Blow puts jello on his head and his headache goes away. To pseudoscience, this means jello cures headaches. To science this means nothing, since no experiment was done. Many things were going on when Joe Blow's headache went away—the moon was full, a bird flew overhead, the window was open, Joe had on his red shirt, etc.—and his headache would have gone away eventually in any case, no matter what. A controlled experiment would put many people suffering from headaches in identical circumstances, except for the presence or absence of the remedy it is desired to test, and compare the results which would then have some chance of being meaningful. Many people think there must be something to astrology because a newspaper horoscope describes them perfectly. But close examination would reveal that the description is general enough to cover virtually everyone. This phenomenon, called subjective validation, is one of the foundations of popular support for pseudoscience.
Pseudoscience depends on arbitrary conventions of human
culture, rather than on unchanging regularities of nature.
For instance, the interpretations of astrology depend on the names of things, which are accidental and vary from culture to culture. If the ancients had given the name Mars to the planet we call Jupiter, and vice versa, astronomy could care less but astrology would be totally different, because it depends solely on the name and has nothing to do with the physical properties of the planet itself.
Pseudoscience always achieves a rection to absurdity if pursued far enough.
Maybe dowsers can somehow sense the presence of water or minerals under a field, but almost all claim they can dowse equally well from a map! Maybe Uri Geller is "psychic," but are his powers really beamed to him on a radio link with a flying saucer from the planet Hoova, as he has claimed? Maybe plants are "psychic," but why does a bowl of mud respond in exactly the same way, in the same "experiment?"
Pseudoscience always avoids putting its claims to a meaningful test.
Pseudoscientists never carry out careful, methodical experiments themselves—and they also generally ignore results of those carried out by scientists. Pseudoscientists also never follow up. If one pseudoscientist claims to have done an experiment (such as the "lost" biorhythm studies of Hermann Swoboda that are alleged basis of the modern pseudoscience of biorhythms), no other pseudoscientist ever tries to plicate it or to check him, even when the original results are missing or questionable! Further, where a pseudoscientist claims to have done an experiment with a remarkable result, he himself never repeats it to check his results and proceres. This is in extreme contrast with science, where crucial experiments are repeated by scientists all over the world with ever-increasing precision.
Pseudoscience often contradicts itself, even in its own terms.
Such logical contradictions are simply ignored or rationalized away. Thus, we should not be surprised when Chapter 1
of a book on dowsing says that dowsers use newly cut twigs, because only "live" wood can channel and focus the "earth-radiation" that makes dowsing possible, whereas Chapter 5 states that nearly all dowsers use metal or plastic rods.
Pseudoscience deliberately creates mystery where none
exists, by omitting crucial information and important details.
Anything can be made "mysterious" by omitting what is known about it or presenting completely imaginary details. The "Bermuda Triangle" books are classic examples of this tactic.
Pseudoscience attempts to persuade with rhetoric, propaganda, and
misrepresentation rather than valid evidence (which presumably does not exist).
Pseudoscience books offer examples of almost every kind of fallacy of logic and reason known to scholars and have invented some new ones of their own. A favorite device is the non sequitur. Pseudoscientists also love the "Galileo Argument." This consists of the pseudoscientist comparing himself to Galileo, and saying that just as the pseudoscientist is believed to be wrong, so Galileo was thought wrong by his contemporaries therefore the pseudoscientist must be right too, just as Galileo was. Clearly the conclusion does not follow! Moreover, Galileo's ideas were tested, verified, and accepted promptly by his scientific colleagues. The rejection came from the established religion which favored the pseudoscience that Galileo's findings contradicted.
Pseudoscience argues from ignorance, an elementary fallacy.
Many pseudoscientists base their claims on incompleteness of information about nature, rather than on what is known at present. But no claim can possibly be supported by lack of information. The fact that people don't recognize what they see in the sky means only that they don't recognize what they saw. This fact is not evidence that flying saucers are from outer space. The statement "Science cannot explain" is common in pseudoscience literature. In many cases, science has no interest in the supposed phenomena because there is no evidence it exists; in other cases, the scientific explanation is well known and well established, but the pseudoscientist doesn't know this or deliberately ignores it to create mystery.
Pseudoscience argues from alleged exceptions, errors, anomalies, strange events,
and suspect claims—rather than from well-established regularities of nature.
The experience of scientists over the past 400 years is that claims and reports that describe well-understood objects behaving in strange and incomprehensible ways tend to rece upon investigation to deliberate frauds, honest mistakes, garbled accounts, misinterpretations, outright fabrications, and stupid blunders. It is not wise to accept such reports at face value, without checking them. Pseudoscientists always take such reports as literally true, without independent verification.
Pseudoscience appeals to false authority, to emotion,
sentiment, or distrust of established fact.
A high-school dropout is accepted as an expert on archaeology, though he has never made any study of it! A psychoanalyst is accepted as an expert on all of human history, not to mention physics, astronomy, and mythology, even though his claims are inconsistent with everything known in all four fields. A movie star swears it's true, so it must be. A physicist says a "psychic" couldn't possibly have fooled him with simple magic tricks, although the physicist knows nothing about magic and sleight of hand. Emotional appeals are common. ("If it makes you feel good, it must be true." "In your heart you know it's right.") Pseudoscientists are fond of imaginary conspiracies. ("There's plenty of evidence for flying saucers, but the government keeps it secret.") And they argue from irrelevancies: When confronted by inconvenient facts, they simply reply, "Scientists don't know everything!"
Pseudoscience makes extraordinary claims and advances fantastic
theories that contradict what is known about nature.
They not only provide no evidence that their claims are true. They also ignore all findings that contradict their conclusions. ("Flying saucers have to come from somewhere—so the earth is hollow, and they come from inside." "This electric spark I'm making with this electrical apparatus is actually not a spark at all, but rather a supernatural manifestation of psycho-spiritual energy." "Every human is surrounded by an impalpable aura of electromagnetic energy, the auric egg of the ancient Hin seers, which mirrors the human's every mood and condition.")
Pseudoscientists invent their own vocabulary in which many terms lack
precise or unambiguous definitions, and some have no definition at all.
Listeners are often forced to interpret the statements according to their own preconceptions. What, for for example, is "biocosmic energy?" Or a "psychotronic amplification system?" Pseudoscientists often attempt to imitate the jargon of scientific and technical fields by spouting gibberish that sounds scientific and technical. Quack "healers" would be lost without the term "energy," but their use of the term has nothing whatsoever to do with the concept of energy used by physicists.
Pseudoscience appeals to the truth-criteria of scientific
methodology while simultaneously denying their validity.
Thus, a procerally invalid experiment which seems to show that astrology works is advanced as "proof" that astrology is correct, while thousands of procerally sound experiments that show it does not work are ignored. The fact that someone got away with simple magic tricks in one scientific lab is "proof" that he is a psychic superman, while the fact that he was caught cheating in several other labs is ignored.
Pseudoscience claims that the phenomena it studies are "jealous."
The phenomena appear only under certain vaguely specified but vital conditions (such as when no doubters or skeptics are present; when no experts are present; when nobody is watching; when the "vibes" are right; or only once in human history.) Science holds that genuine phenomena must be capable of study by anyone with the proper equipment and that all procerally valid studies must give consistent results. No genuine phenomenon is "jealous" in this way. There is no way to construct a TV set or a radio that will function only when no skeptics are present! A man who claims to be a concert-class violinist, but does not appear to have ever owned a violin and who refuses to play when anyone is around who might hear him, is most likely lying about his ability to play the violin.
Pseudoscientific "explanations" tend to be by scenario.
That is, we are told a story, but nothing else; we have no description of any possible physical process. For instance, Immanuel Velikovsky (1895-1979) claimed that another planet passing near the earth caused the earth's spin axis to flip upside down. This is all he said. He gave no mechanisms. But the mechanism is all-important, because the laws of physics rule out the process as impossible. That is, the approach of another planet cannot cause a planet's spin axis to flip. If Velikovsky had discovered some way that a planet could flip another's spin axis, he would presumably have described the mechanism by which it can happen. The bald statement itself, without the underlying mechanism, conveys no information at all. Velikovsky said that Venus was once a comet, and this comet was spewed out of a volcano on Jupiter. Since planets do not resemble comets (which are rock/ice snowball-like debris with connection whatsoever to volcanoes) and since Jupiter is not known to have volcanoes anyway (or even a solid surface!), no actual physical process could underlie Velikovsky's assertions. He gave us words, related to one another within a sentence, but the relationships were alien to the universe we actually live in, and he gave no explanation for how these could exist. He provided stories, not genuine theories.
Pseudoscientists often appeal to the ancient human habit of magical thinking.
Magic, sorcery, witchcraft—these are based on spurious similarity, false analogy, false cause-and-effect connections, etc. That is, inexplicable influences and connections between things are assumed from the beginning—not found by investigation. (If you step on a crack in the sidewalk without saying a magic word, your mother will crack a bone in her body; eating heart-shaped leaves is good for heart ailments; shining red light on the body increases blood proction; rams are aggressive so someone born in the sign of the ram is aggressive; fish are "brain food" because the meat of the fish resembles brain tissue, etc.)
Pseudoscience relies heavily on anachronistic thinking.
The older the idea, the more attractive it is to pseudoscience—it's the wisdom of the ancients!—especially if the idea is transparently wrong and has long been discarded by science. Many journalists have trouble in comprehending this point. A typical reporter writing about astrology may think a thorough job can be done by interviewing six astrologers and one astronomer. The astronomer says it's all bunk; the six astrologers say it's great stuff and really works and for $50 they'll be glad to cast anyone's horoscope. (No doubt!) To many reporters, and apparently to many editors and their readers, this would confirm astrology six to one!
This table contrasts some of the characteristics of science and pseudoscience
Science Pseudoscience
Their findings are expressed primarily through scientific journals that are peer-reviewed and maintain rigorous standards for honesty and accuracy. The literature is aimed at the general public. There is no review, no standards, no pre-publication verification, no demand for accuracy and precision.
Reprocible results are demanded; experiments must be precisely described so that they can be plicated exactly or improved upon. Results cannot be reproced or verified. Studies, if any, are always so vaguely described that one can't figure out what was done or how it was done.
Failures are searched for and studied closely, because incorrect theories can often make correct predictions by accident, but no correct theory will make incorrect predictions. Failures are ignored, excused, hidden, lied about, discounted, explained away, rationalized, forgotten, avoided at all costs.
As time goes on, more and more is learned about the physical processes under study. No physical phenomena or processes are ever found or studied. No progress is made; nothing concrete is learned.
Convinces by appeal to the evidence, by arguments based upon logical and/or mathematical reasoning, by making the best case the data permit. When new evidence contradicts old ideas, they are abandoned. Convinces by appeal to faith and belief. Pseudoscience has a strong quasi-religious element: it tries to convert, not to convince. You are to believe in spite of the facts, not because of them. The original idea is never abandoned, whatever the evidence.
Does not advocate or market unproven practices or procts. Generally earns some or all of his living by selling questionable procts (such as books, courses, and dietary supplements) and/or pseudoscientific services (such as horoscopes, character readings, spirit messages, and predictions).
This table could be greatly expanded, because science and pseudoscience are precisely opposed ways of viewing nature. Science relies on—and insists on—self-questioning, testing and analytical thinking that make it hard to fool yourself or to avoid facing facts. Pseudoscience, on the other hand, preserves the ancient, natural, irrational, unobjective modes of thought that are hundreds of thousands of years older than science—thought processes that have given rise to superstitions and other fanciful and mistaken ideas about man and nature—from voodoo to racism; from the flat earth to the house-shaped universe with God in the attic, Satan in the cellar and man on the ground floor; from doing rain dances to torturing and brutalizing the mentally ill to drive out the demons that possess them. Pseudoscience encourages people to believe anything they want. It supplies specious "arguments" for fooling yourself into thinking that any and all beliefs are equally valid. Science begins by saying, let's forget about what we believe to be so, and try by investigation to find out what actually is so. These roads don't cross; they lead in completely opposite directions.
Some confusion on this point is caused by what we might call "crossover." "Science" is not an honorary badge you wear, it's an activity you do. Whenever you cease that activity, you cease being a scientist. A distressing amount of pseudoscience is generated by scientists who are well trained in one field but plunge into another field of which they are ignorant. A physicist who claims to have found a new principle of biology—or a biologist who claims to have found a new principle of physics—is almost invariably doing pseudoscience. And so are those who forge data, or suppresses data that clash with their preconceptions, or refuse to let others see their data for independent evaluation. Science is like a high peak of intellectual integrity, fairness, and rationality. The peak is slippery and smooth. It requires a tremendous effort to remain near it. Slacking of effort carries one away and into pseudoscience. Some pseudoscience is generated by indivials with a small amount of specialized scientific or technical training who are not professional scientists and do not comprehend the nature of the scientific enterprise—yet think of themselves as "scientists."
⑦ 求三篇英語作文，四級水平，120字。
1， Derived from Mrs Baroda`s story
Meditations Derived from Mrs. Baroda』s Story
1) 簡述巴羅達太太的故事。
2）分析其現實意義。
3）我們怎樣應對誘惑？
1) Mrs. Baroda』s passion for her husband』s friend cropped up one night when she had a conversation with him under an oak tree on her plantation. 2) As he opened up his mind and unfolded his true personality before her, she felt his attraction so strong that she was eager to reach out her hand and touch him. 3) But she put an effective brake on her desire in time to keep it from getting out of hand.
4) The insight derived from this story— triumph of reason over passion—holds much significance for our reality, especially for our marital life. 5) With an ever-surging wave of change, as we all know, marriage is now being exposed to more temptations than ever. 6) Although bathed in the warmth of your love nest, for example, you still can find a person, wrapped in an air of mystery, more charming than your spouse or a style of life more exciting than yours, which is no longer as appealing to you as it was ring the early years of your marriage. 7) So many of us, dazzled with these incements, tend to act on impulse, only to reap nothing but regret or bitter fruit. 8) So the best way out of such a dilemma is to keep your emotions under the control of your senses all the time.
9) To achieve that, however, there is much that must be done about our psychology in advance. 10) The first thing of the first is to draw up a set of principles as a guide to all of our social concts.(建議I) 11) Then all there is left with us is to cling to the well-thought-out principles in our social life. (建議II) 12) As long as we remain true to them, no temptation will distract us away from the right course of life. (結論句)
All roads lead to Rome
Elegant performances by Gregory Peck and Audrey Hepburn in the 1953 Hollywood classic 「Roman Holiday」, made the ancient city a romantic destination.
Before the film was released Rome was seldom associated with romance. As the centre of Western civilization for centuries, Rome had been a city of heroes rather than lovers.
The city』s roots date back to the legend of twin brothers Romulus and Remus, who were raised by a she-wolf instead of a human mother. The two boys built the city, but ended up at war with each other. Romulus won the battle and the city became known as Rome.
Many famous people, like Julius Caesar, have left their marks on the city. The saying 「Rome wasn』t built in a day.」 is proved quickly when you start exploring the city. Like a museum of architecture and history, Rome presents a mix of temples, churches, and statues of different periods.
You can imagine yourself a gladiator in the Colosseum, showered with applause and flowers like a thunderstorm from the audience. You can view masterpieces by Da Vinci and Michelangelo with your own eyes in the Vatican, the world』s smallest country.
In addition to their cultural riches, Romans are famous for their hospitality. Don』t worry if you don』t speak Italian. A simple 「Ciao」 (pronounced 「chow」; English meaning = both hello and goodbye) can bring you warm smiles.
「When in Rome, do as the Romans do.」 is another saying. So don』t forget to make a wish while throwing a coin into the Trevi Fountain. It is said the wish will bring you back to Rome one day. The fountain is said to be the most visited one in the world, because 「All roads lead to Rome.」 Believe it or not, the fountain collects $1000 coins every day.
2.All roads lead to Rome
Nowadays ,since the economic crisis ,more and more graates have lost their ways .Some of them are despair and even commit suicide.I suppose that they fogot the significant saying :All roads lead to Rome !
Even if we lost our ways ,there will always be some way lead us to success only if we don't give up !A good cast in point is that the famous Olympic torchbearer Jinjing .when she was eight years old ,because of the malignant tumor ,she had to had her right leg cut.Being a disable girl ,she never gave up ,she joined the disabled fencing team in 2001.Her hard work lead her to success .She won a lot of prizes and she finally became one of the Olympic torchbearer and defeat those who wanted to rob the Olympic torch in France.Our society is filled with such examples.
Therefore ,we can draw a conclusion that all roads lead to Rome When the god close your door ,he will open another window for you .Can you success only you work hard and never give up.
3，students use of computers
For one thing, computers can do a lor of things that may be difficult for man to do, making man's work easier. So, many people turn to computers for help when they want to have their job done. For another, computers are becoming cheaper day by day. As a result, many universities install them in large numbers and many families can afford to buy one, consequently, they are always available for the students to use. But the prime reason, I think, is that with the development of society, computers are used in ahnost all walks of life. Those who are specialized in operating computers are badly needed. If a student is good at computer, chances will be greater for him to get a job.
Many problems also arise in students use of computers. One problem is that some students spend too much time sitting in front of their computers, as a result, their bealth is affected. The other problem is that some students chat or play video games for a long time on computers, wasting a lot of their precious time. So it is suggested that these students make a scientific and positive use of the computers.
⑧ 正追求女生的英語愛情作文
The stage is more beholding to love, than
the life of man. For as to the stage, love is ever matter of comedies,
and now and then of tragedies; but in life it doth much mischief;
sometimes like a siren, sometimes like a fury.
舞台上的愛情生活比生活中的愛情要美好得多。因為在舞台上，愛情只是喜劇和悲劇的素材，而在人生中，愛情卻常常招來不幸。它有時象那位誘惑人的魔女
(1)，有時又象那位復仇的女神(2)。 You may observe, that amongst all the great and
worthy persons (whereof the memory remaineth, either ancient or recent)
there is not one, that hath been transported to the mad degree of love:
which shows that great spirits, and great business, do keep out this
weak passion. You must except, nevertheless, Marcus Antonius, the half
partner of the empire of Rome, and Appius Claudius, the decemvir and
lawgiver; whereof the former was indeed a voluptuous man, and
inordinate; but the latter was an austere and wise man: and therefore it
seems (though rarely) that love can find entrance, not only into an
open heart, but also into a heart well fortified, if watch be not well
kept.
你可以看到，一切真正偉大的人物（無論是古人、今人，只要是其英名永銘於人類記憶中的），沒有一個是因愛情而發狂的人。因為偉大的事業只有羅馬的安東尼和
克勞底亞是例外(3)。前者本性就好色荒淫，然而後者卻是嚴肅多謀的人。這說明愛情不僅會佔領開曠坦闊的胸懷，有時也能闖入壁壘森嚴的心靈----假如手
御不嚴的話。 It is a poor saying of Epicurus, Satis magnum alter alteri
theatrum sumus; as if man, made for the contemplation of heaven, and all
noble objects, should do nothing but kneel before a little idol, and
make himself a subject, though not of the mouth (as beasts are), yet of
the eye; which was given him for higher purposes.
埃辟克拉斯(4)曾說過一句笨話：「人生不過是一座大戲台。」似乎本應努力追求高尚事業的人類，卻只應象玩偶般地逢場作戲。雖然愛情的奴隸並不同於那班只
顧吃喝的禽獸，但畢竟也只是眼目色相的奴隸，而上帝賜人以眼睛本來是有更高尚的用途的。 It is a strange thing, to note
the excess of this passion, and how it braves the nature, and value of
things, by this; that the speaking in a perpetual hyperbole, is comely
in nothing but in love. Neither is it merely in the phrase; for whereas
it hath been well said, that the arch-flatterer, with whom all the petty
flatterers have intelligence, is a man's self; ; certainly the lover is
more. For there was never proud man thought so absurdly well of
himself, as the lover doth of the person loved; and therefore it was
well said, That it is impossible to love, and to be wise. Neither doth
this weakness appear to others only, and not to the party loved; but to
the loved most of all, except the love be reciproque. For it is a true
rule, that love is ever rewarded, either with the reciproque, or with an
inward and secret contempt.
過度的愛情追求，必然會降低人本身的價值。例如，只有在愛情中，才總是需要那種浮誇陷媚的詞令。而在其他場合，同樣的詞令只能招人恥笑。古人有一句名言：
「最大的奉承，人總是留給自己的。」----只有對情人的奉承要算例外。因為甚至最驕傲的人，也甘願在情人面前自輕自賤。所以古人說得好：「就是神在愛情
中也難保持聰明。」情人的這種弱點不僅在外人眼中是明顯的，就是在被追求者的眼中也會很明顯----除非她（他）也在追求他（她）。所以，愛情的代價就是
如此，不能得到回愛，就會得到一種深藏於心的輕蔑，這是一條永真的定律。 By how much the more, men ought to
beware of this passion, which loseth not only other things, but itself!
As for the other losses, the poet's relation doth well figure them: that
he that preferred Helena, quitted the gifts of Juno and Pallas. For
whosoever esteemeth too much of amorous affection, quitteth both riches
and wisdom.
由此可見，人們應當十分警惕這種感情。因為它不但會使人喪失其他，而且可以使人喪失自己本身。甚至其他方面的損失，古詩人早告訴我們，那追求海倫的人，是
放棄了財富和智慧的(5)。 This passion hath his floods, in very times of weakness;
which are great prosperity, and great adversity; though this latter hath
been less observed: both which times kindle love, and make it more
fervent, and therefore show it to be the child of folly. They do best,
who if they cannot but admit love, yet make it keep quarters; and sever
it wholly from their serious affairs, and actions, of life; for if it
check once with business, it troubleth men's fortunes, and maketh men,
that they can no ways be true to their own ends.
由此可見，人們應當十分警惕這種感情。因為它不但會使人喪失其他，而且可以使人喪失自己本身。甚至其他方面的損失，古詩人早告訴我們，那追求海倫的人，是
放棄了財富和智慧的(5)。 I know not how, but martial men are given to love: I
think, it is but as they are given to wine; for perils commonly ask to
be paid in pleasures.
我不懂是什麼緣故，使許多軍人更容易墮入情網，也許這正象他們嗜愛飲酒一樣，是因為危險的生活更需要歡樂的補償。 There is in man's
nature, a secre t inclination and motion, towards love of others, which
if it be not spent upon some one or a few, doth naturally spread itself
towards many, and maketh men become humane and charitable; as it is seen
sometime in friars. 人心中可能普遍具有
⑨ 求一篇關於誘惑的英語作文
Dealing With Temptation "Temptation" is usually used in a loose sense to describe actions which indicate a lack of self control, such as or eating Temptation is a common recurring theme in world literature. Temptation has repercussions for even the strongest. Everyone faces temptation.But the truth is, very few people deal with it effectively. That shouldn』 be the case, and it doesn』t have to be the case for believers. There are some very simple and effective ways of dealing with temptation that you should know, and if you』ll put them into practice, I guarantee, you』ll come out the winner. 1. Equip youself with the Holy spirit as being filled with the Holy Spirit is an absolute necessity for overcoming temptation. 2. You must also know who you are. 3. You can』t be tempted unless you have first thought about it.. It has been said, 「Fail to plan and you』re planning to fail.」 That statement could not be truer when it』s applied to temptation. I don』t know anyone who gets up in the morning and prays to fail when faced with temptation, but I know many people who get up each morning and fail to plan for what we will all certainly face. So, first and most important, you must be prepared. That』s so simple, you have to have someone』s help to misunderstand. But, we must have had a lot of help because very few people have taken the time or made the effort to prepare. So don』t wait till you』re in the middle of a huge temptationto start thinking about how to deal with it; it will be too late. Take the time now to prepare yourself for those temptations that will inevitably come your way. To help, I proced a five-part album entitled How To Deal With Temptation. In this album, I teach on: being prepared, knowing who you are, how selfishness is the beachhead of Satan, why speaking the Word is so important, and how temptation is tied to your thought life. These are all vital to understanding and overcoming temptation.