A. 介紹甘地的生平。用英語，要人寫
Gandhi is a person who loves peace, very skinny Indian guy.
B. 甘地一生都為印度的獨立和人民的平等而奮斗。（devote to,equlity）翻譯英文
Ghandi devoted himself to fighting for the independence of India and the equality of its people all his life.
C. 誰能翻譯一下甘地英文語錄
The object of this massive tribute died as he had always lived：A private man without wealth, without property, without official title or office.Mahatma Gandhi was not the commander of armies, nor a ruler of vast lands.He could not boast any scientific achievement, or artistic gift.Yet men, governments, dignitaries from all over the world, have joined hands today to pay homage to this little brown man in the loincloth who led his country to freedom.In the words of General George C. Marshall, the American Secretary of State: "Mahatma Gandhi has become the spokesman for the conscience of all mankind. He was a man who made humility and simple truth more powerful than Empires."And Albert Einstein added: "Generations to come will scarce believe that such a one as this ever in flesh and blood walked upon this earth."
這個盛大葬禮的死者，死時與他活著的時候一樣，一個平民，沒有任何財富，沒有任何財產，也沒有任何官銜。聖雄甘地既不是軍事將領，也不是地方首長，也沒有任何科學成就可以誇耀，也不是一名藝術家，然而世界各界人士，包括個政府代表及高官貴人，在此齊聚一堂，向這位綁著纏腰布的棕色皮膚的小個子致最後的敬意，他領導印度走向自由，誠如美國國務卿馬歇爾所說「聖雄甘地是人類良心的代言者，他就是使得謙虛及真理的力量，能夠戰勝帝國」。愛因斯坦則說「後代子孫將無法相信，世上曾走過這樣一副血肉之軀」。
Gandhi：It must be fought.We are children of God like everyone else.
甘地：一定要反抗，我們都是上帝的子民。
Gandhi：When you're fighting in a just cause people seem to pop up,like you,right out of the pavement.
甘地：當你為正義而戰時，突然間，就會有很多人一個個的冒出來，像你一樣。
Gandhi：If your enemy strikes you on the right cheek,offer him the left.
甘地：如果敵人打你的右臉頰，左臉也讓他打。
Gandhi：You must show courage...be willing to take a blow,several blows,to show you won't strike back,nor will you be turned aside.
甘地：你必須要有勇氣，願意接受打擊，願意接受多少次的打擊，以證明自己不還手但也不退讓。
Gandhi：Love thy neighbor as thyself.
甘地：像愛你自己一樣去愛你身邊的人。
Gandhi：If you are a minority of one the truth is the truth.
甘地：就算你是唯一反抗的人，真理永遠是真理。
Gandhi：It's not me.It's the principle.And you will do it with joy or not do it at all.
甘地：不是我要你做的，這是原則問題，如果你不心甘情願做一件事情，最好別去做。
Gandhi：There is no cause for which I am prepared to kill.Whatever they do to us we will attack no one...kill no one.
甘地：我不會為任何主義而殺人，不論他們怎麼對待我們，我們絕不攻擊任何一個人，絕不殺人。
Gandhi：I am asking you to fight.To fight against their anger,not to provoke it.We will not strike a blow.But we will receive them.And through our pain we will make them see their injustice.And it will hurt as all fighting hurts.But we cannot lose.We cannot.They may torture my body...break my bones...even kill me.Then they will have my dead body not my obedience.
甘地：我要求你與他們對抗，對抗他們的憤怒，而不是挑起他們的憤怒，我們絕不攻擊他們，但是我們將承受攻擊，通過我們承受的痛苦，會讓他們看清自己的不公正，這和攻擊他們一樣具有殺傷力，但是我們不能輸，絕對不能。他們可以折磨我的肉體，打斷我的骨頭，甚至殺了我，然後他們得到的只是一具屍體，卻終究沒有讓我屈服。
Gandhi：I'm an indian traveling in my own country.I see no reason for trouble.
甘地：我是個印度人，在自己的國家裡旅行，會惹出什麼事。
One lone man,marching sty roads,armed only with honesty and a bamboo staff,doing battle with the British Empire.
孤單一人手持竹竿，在僕僕風塵中僅以誠實為武器，與大英帝國孤軍奮戰。
Gandhi：There is no people who would not prefer their own bad government to the good government of an alien power.
甘地：世界上任何人，都寧可要一個自己的壞政府，也不要外國人統治的好政府。
In the end you will walk out because 100,000 Englishmen simply cannot control 350 million indians,if those indians refuse to cooperate.
到最後你們（英國）總是要走出去，因為憑十萬的英國人是無法控制三億五千萬個印度人的，假如印度人不合作的話。
An eye for an eye only ends up making the whole world blind.
以眼還眼以牙還牙，只會讓整個世界都變的盲目。
Gandhi：When I despair I remember that all through history the way of truth and love has always won.There have been tyrants and murderers and,for a time,they can seem invincible.But in the end,they always fall.A little boy about this high
甘地：當我絕望時，會想起在歷史上只有真理和愛能得勝，歷史上有很多暴君和兇手在短期內或許是所向無敵的，但是最終失敗了。
Gandhi：The way to God is to free yourself of possessions and the passions.
甘地：要接近神，必須放棄財產和情慾。
Gandhi：I know a way out of the hell.Find a child.A child whose mother and father have been killed.A little boy about this high and raise him as your own.Only be sure that he is a Muslim and that you raise him as one.(www.anjuzi.com/jietu/li/)
甘地：我知道不入地獄的方法，找一個孩子，一個父母都被殺死的孩子，一個差不多這么高的小男孩，把他當成你的兒子來撫養，但一定要確定他是個回教徒，而且要把他教程回教徒。
D. 求翻譯 甘地的英語介紹
你好:
出生： 1869年10月2日
出生地： Porbandar ，印度
死亡： 1948年1月30號（死於暗殺）
最高評版價：領導印度非暴力獨權立的領導人
尊敬的印度的「國父」 ，莫罕達斯·卡拉姆昌德·甘地也是全世界非暴力的政治阻力的標志。甘地出生於印度,並且在英國學習法律，然後花了20年在南非捍衛移民利益。他於1914年回到印度，最終成為印度國民大會的領導人。當時，印度是大英帝國的殖民地,甘地敦促非暴力和公民抗議作為一種手段來獨立。他對公共行為的蔑視導致他多次被斗爭入獄,一直持續到第二次世界大戰。在1947年他參加了英國戰後的談判，贏得了印度獨立。而在下一年他被狂熱的印度教徒槍殺了,他提倡簡單生活，吃素食，並自己做衣服,他做衣服的的紡車成為他簡潔的生活方式的象徵，他的自傳，"我的對於真理的實踐經歷"發表於1927年。他的生日， 10月2日，在印度是一個國定的假日。
E. 甘地 英文 作文
Gandhi
Revered Mahatma Gandhi), Indian national liberation movement leaders and the Indian National Congress Party leaders. He is the father of modern India, is India's greatest political leaders, the national bourgeoisie of modern political theory - Gandhian founder. He lead the country towards the spirit of independent thinking, from British colonial rule. His "non-violent" philosophy , affecting the nationalists and the world for peaceful change to the international movement. South Africa's Natal Province in 1894 organized the Indian diaspora into the struggle against racial discrimination in the South African authorities, the first time non-violent slogans. After the outbreak of World War I, Gandhi returned to India again, traveling across India to understand the organization "to uphold the truth movement." During World War II, Gandhi launched the request "leave India" movement, movement was brutally suppressed. Independent India, Gandhi called on the people united end sectarian bloodshed.
F. 關於甘地的英文介紹與感想
甘地的生平事跡簡介
甘地 呢是：歷史名人、政治家、政治領袖、印度總統
莫罕達斯·卡拉姆昌德·甘地(Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi मोहनदास करमचंद गाँधी, 1869年10月2日-1948, January 30), also known as "Mahatma Gandhi", the Indian nationalist movement and Congress Party leaders. He is India's Sun Yat-sen, is also India's greatest political leaders. He lead the country towards independence, from British colonial rule. His "non-violent" philosophy, that is, he said the "satyagraha", impact on the world's nationalists and those who seek peaceful change of the international campaign.
Through "non-violent" non-cooperation of citizens, Gandhi, India from the British rule. It also inspired the other colonies to the people for their independence struggle. Ultimately the British Empire collapsed, replaced by the Commonwealth or, more accurately point is Federation (because "the British" prefix in 1946 and has not become the Commonwealth of Nations). Gandhi's main belief is "satyagraha", English to soul force, which means "spiritual force" and "the road of truth" and "the pursuit of truth." This inspired other pro-democracy movement, such as Martin Luther King, Nelson Mandela and others. He often said that he values is very simple, that is (from the traditional Hin belief to the evolution): truth (satya), non-violence (ahimsa).
Experience
Early career
Gandhi was born in the West Indian port city of Porbandar (India was a state soil, this is a state of Gujarat jurisdiction) of the Hin family, his father, Karamchand Gandhi (Karamchand Gandhi) is At that time, the Prime Minister state soil. His mother, Putli, his father's fourth wife. They are the descendants of traders ( "Gandhi" means the food business). 13-year-old, he and the Kastur Tongsui married. They have four children, all boys. Harilal Gandhi, born in 1888; Manilal Gandhi, born in 1892; Ramdas Gandhi, born in 1897; smallest Devdas Gandhi, born in 1900.
1888, which is his 19-year-old, schooling in the United Kingdom, University College in London studying law. While in London, he abide by the Indian when he left his mother to his teachings, not Chihun and alcohol abuse. Although he tried to Britain, for example, on the dance courses, but he did not eat his wife to his landlord mutton and cabbage. He introced her to a vegetarian restaurant in London, where Gandhi to understand and become a vegetarian who. This can be considered to be a conscious choice of his non-violent first step. He participated in the vegetarian societies, and was elected member of the Executive Committee, he also set up a local branch. According to him, to his organization and operation of societies very valuable experience. He encountered the vegetarian, some are Shen members of society. Xue Shen Zhi Societies from Madame Blavatsky established in 1875 as a university extension of the Brotherhood. Their commitment to learning Indian Buddhism and Brahmanism a classic. They encouraged Gandhi to read "Bhagavad." At this point, Gandhi also did not convert to religion, but read on the Hin, Catholic and other religious writings.
After returning home, he has made the British Empire Bar. He tried to work as a lawyer in Bombay. But work has not improved.
South Africa, the civil rights movement
April 1893, Gandhi sent an Indian company to work in South Africa. He saw that Indian immigrants in South Africa, civil liberties and political rights to a large extent be deprived of the status quo, it is discouraged. These migrants are mainly contract workers and indivial businessmen. So he began to protest and lobbying against the Indians against South Africa the legal and racial discrimination. It was therefore criticized him for not extend to protest against the laws of all Africans. In his in South Africa early, there is one thing often instituted. That is, he bought a first-class train ticket, for refusing to third-class compartments were in the train from Pietermaritzburg threw out. June 1903, Gandhi organized a protest movement against the "black law" (The Black Act), the Act make it mandatory for all Asians in South Africa's registration.
1906, Gandhi, the first non-cooperation, and promote non-violent ideology. He led the Indians to the South African authorities cancelled a protest against the illegal Indians the right to vote the proposal, held a demonstration, the Indians collected the signatures, and then set up the Congress Party - the first South African Indians for a civil rights organization. He called on the Indians not to board the South African authorities and Fingerprinting plot, and organized his followers and the South African railway workers to strike, the South African authorities against the oppression of the railway workers. Some Indians because of strikes or demonstrations were arrested, Gandhi put their families together. He from a number of rich people in India and raised the money for them have set up a 1,100 acres of farm land, so that these families live there in a new, simple life of the workforce.
September 1913, he participated in a protest in accordance with the Catholic ceremony of marriage invalid on the campaign.
November 6, 1913, Gandhi was arrested, he is leading a group of Indian miners in South Africa procession. 1914, the Government promised to rece South Africa to the Indians of discrimination.
In South Africa these years, Gandhi from "Bhagavad" and Lev Tolstoy's works draw inspiration. Tolstoy in the 19th century changes in the 1980s has become a personal form of Christian anarchist. Gandhi translated Tolstoy's "Letter to an Indian." The letter is addressed to Tolstoy in 1908 a radical nationalists in India. They have communication to the 1910 death of Tolstoy. Tolstoy's letter cited the "Weida as" the Indian philosophy and Hin god Vishnu's famous quote to express his graally rising nationalism in India's views. In addition, Gandhi has also been works of American writer Henry David Thoreau, "On the civil disobedience" inspired. In short, the years in South Africa, Gandhi is as a period of the formation of social and political activists. At this time non-violent civil disobedience and resistance to the concept and technology began to take shape.
A time of war, Gandhi returned to India, where he launched the campaign, calling on Indians to participate in the British Indian Army. He believes that this performance will be loyal to Britain to the United Kingdom agreed that the British Empire in India as an autonomous form of government of India to achieve self-government. However, this did not succeed.
Indian independence movement
One after the war, he participated in the Congress of the independence movement. He cited his civil disobedience and non-cooperation, and the hunger strike, and other political views, access to worldwide attention. He was arrested by British authorities on many occasions. For example, on March 18, 1922, because of his leadership of the civil disobedience sentence of six years, but only served two years.
Gandhi's other successful strategies of the independence movement there swadeshi policy, that is, boycott foreign-made goods, especially British procts. Related to this is also available on all the Indians he should wear Tubu publicity. Oppose the use of British cloth. Gandhi said India's advocacy of women, rich or poor, should spend a certain amount of time each day weaving, to support the independence movement. At that time, many people believe that these independent campaigns these things, not suitable for the participation of women. Gandhi's strategy of women to join the independence movement in the past.
The 1919 Jallianwala Bagh massacre, he supported a more independent stand firm. At that time, the British Government and the Gorkha mercenaries to peaceful political gatherings of people shot, hundreds of Sikhs, Hins, Muslims have been killed. Apart from the boycott of British procts, Gandhi also strongly encourage people to boycott British schools, legal institutions, dismissed the government work and refused to pay taxes and abandon the United Kingdom to the title and honor.
April 1920, he was elected Chairman of the Indian Self-Government League. December 1921, he was awarded the National Congress Party alliance in the implementation of representatives. Under his leadership, the party reorganization, development of a new constitution. New Constitution provides his goal is to strive for independence. Anyone who paid a nominal fee to join the party. To the rules and disorderly and chaotic management of the campaign committee of the hierarchical structure has been established. Congress Party from an elite organization change has become a popular political party.
1922, in Chauri Chaura, Uttar Pradesh after the outbreak of violence, Mahatma Gandhi suspended his disobedience campaign. He shift social activities. Ajmedabad established in Sabarmati Ashram (monk self-cultivation), the newspaper "young India" (Young India). He was trampling on the history of the caste fight for equal rights, especially for the untouchables (what he called "God's children") to the right.
Gandhi once again participate in the independence movement in 1930. He then called on the Congress Party that he led another large-scale civil disobedience campaign. He therefore in 1930 of March 21 to April 6 leadership of the most famous of his life in a campaign to protest against the colonial government — the public sale of salt, Gandhi Ahmedabad from Delhi to the procession of 400 km , Is called the procession of Delhi (or "salt Team"). Thousands of people walk to the sea salt from their own government rather than to pay tax.
He returned to India in 1915 and quickly become engaged in the independence movement are the leaders of the Congress Party. Through a joint boycott of British goods, Gandhi in India to promote rural instrial development, while non-violent resistance through advocacy, to curb terrorist activities of the tyrannical, although he can not stop these terrorist activities.
Although he often attacked the British Government, but he has been a statement he respected the British. So the British are also admired him, although they do not understand the work of the internal Gandhi.
Gandhi began wearing a Yaobu wrapped around the countryside in India, four lectures, encouraging the use of hand Fangche to lift India to Lancashire (Lancashire) rely on the textile mill.
May 8, 1933, Gandhi began a hunger strike 21 days of the British Government of India's oppression. The summer of 1934, he concted his life in three unsuccessful hunger strike. March 3, 1939 he again hunger strike in Bombay, India's dictatorial rule.
Gandhi, the Congress Party in the choice of his successor is Nehru, the prime minister is later. Nehru and his political opponents Sardar Patel for the independence of India那條Road publicly admitted taking a different view. But Gandhi, Nehru believed that more can be established to protect the people of India.
He was in 1922, 1930, 1933 and 1942 for four times, started a hunger strike in prison through his disobedience movement of civilization. 1931 went to London to participate in the future of India a round table, but no results. To 1942, he believed that independent India is the only possible way out. He and the British in India last two-term Governor (Archibald Po Xiwa Erweiweier and Louis Mountbatten) to cooperate in establishing the independence and partition of India programme, in the August 15, 1947 announcement. At this time, many of Gandhi's followers began known as "Saint-hung."
During World War II
In 1939 when Nazi Germany invaded Poland ring World War II broke out. Although Gandhi of sympathy for the victims of fascist aggression, with the Republican Congress Party comrades after careful consideration, declared that India would not support the surface, is fighting for freedom and the war, even though India was still not free. He claimed that if India can be an independent after the war, he fought side by side with the United Kingdom. The British Government's response is entirely negative, and they also tried to India's Hins and Muslims between the cracks created. In World War II, when Gandhi's independence demands have become more support. He drafted a British withdrawal from India in the draft. This immediately triggered a draft of the history of India's one of the biggest independence movement. The campaign has led to many arrests and the unprecedented scale of violence. Gandhi and his supporters clearly said that if India can not be independent, do not support the war. At this time, he even hinted that he would like to end his support of non-violence can not be shaken. He said: "He's not around this orderly than the real government is still no government." So he was on August 9, 1942 in Mum arrested by British troops, closed two years.
Gandhi that the establishment of self-government of the slow progress, and therefore strengthened the British government's resistance. He was arrested in the regular prison. 1942 ring the Second World War, he claimed that the anti-fascist alliance can only get the support of independent India. This is his last imprisonment.
India-Pakistan partition and the assassination of
Gandhi of India's Hins and Muslims have a major impact. It is said that once he makes one appear on both sides of the conflict subsided. He strongly opposed to any of India's proposal is divided into two countries.
He advocated Hin and Muslim unity and cooperation, promote social improvement, moral self-improvement and the spirit of probation. After World War II, Gandhi hoped that India would become an independent and complete country, but in the end, in order to Indian independence, Mahatma Gandhi to accept India and Pakistan were independent of the programme, Pakistan became an independent Muslim country. The handover of the day, Gandhi did not celebrate India's independence, but alone in Calcutta for the partition and sadness.
He accepted some people dissatisfied with the India-Pakistan partition bill, rejected his non-violent philosophy. When the Indians and Muslims began rioting conflict, Gandhi began his hunger strike in the 14th, everyone notices until after the armistice he would eat. He succeeded the situation was stable. However, in January 30, 1948, has just ended a hunger strike in the Gandhi went to a prayer will be on the way by a Hin fanatics of the Southern Blue Salim high Dexi shot. Later in the trial, the Southern Blue Salim high degree Dexi claiming: "In my shot, I sincerely wish him (Gandhi) and face-to-face respectfully bow to him."
Personal life credo
Gandhi pursued by the Ku Xingseng-Keji personal life system, including vegetarian, celibacy, meditation, abstinence, not words one day a week, give up and wear Western-style clothes in India Tubu do traditional Indian clothing, with Fangche spinning, participation in the labour.
Gandhi's philosophy of non-cooperation and non-violence (satya, ahimsa) Bhagavad by the idea of Hin beliefs and the impact of Jainism. Non-violence (ahimsa) the concept of religion in India in a long time there. Hinism, Buddhism, Jainism in this have to repeat. Gandhi in his autobiography "My experience for the practice of truth" (The Story of my Experiments with Truth) reveals his philosophy and way of life.
Although he went to London, try to eat meat, but he later became a strict vegetarian who. Studying in London when he wrote this a few books. In Hinism and Jainism in the vegetarian is deep-rooted. His hometown there are many Hins who is a vegetarian. He tried a different diet, believe that the ultimate vegetarian sufficient to meet the minimum requirements of the human body. He did not eat for a long time, and as a political weapon.
In his 36-year-old, he abstinence, become a complete abstinence of those. Abstinence is subject to the impact of Hinism. However, he did not divorce. He said the decision with his wife not to discuss, but directly to her announced.
Gandhi did not say one day a week. He believed that the silence brought him inner calm. This comes from the Hin forces from the "silence" (mouna) and "calm" ( "shanti", Sanskrit-). He靠在paper in silence to write the exchange. He started 37 from the three and a half, Gandhi refused to read newspapers. He believes that the outside world noisy than his more disturbed state of mind.
From South Africa in the success of legal work to return to India, he gave up on behalf of the rich and successful Western-style clothes. What he means is being able to wear the India's poorest people to accept. He promote the use of the family textile Tubu (khadi). Gandhi and his followers use Fangche spinning cloth to do their own clothes. This group of British power is a threat. If the Indians because there is no work and leisure, where they buy clothes from the United Kingdom. If the Indians do their own clothes, the British instry on the idle. Later, the Indian National Congress party flag out of Fangche logo.
Honorary title
His title "Mahatma", (General for Translation, "Saint-hung") from the Sanskrit language of the King mahatman, intent "Great Souled", the great soul and is often mistakenly think that is his name. This award in his Tagore "Gurudev" the title means "great teacher" after the 1915 Indian poet Rabindranath Tagore that Labindela (Rabindranath Tagore) presented his known, which means a saint and In a heroic.
The use of the title in India than has been widely accepted, may be part of the times reflected in his India and the United Kingdom complex relationship. In any case, this title is the widespread use of Gandhi in the world for such a non-violent religious beliefs and their extremely dedicated people in line with the widely accepted.
G. 甘地的生平事跡簡介(用英文)
甘地呢是：歷史名人、政治家、政治領袖、印度總統
莫罕達斯·卡拉姆昌德·甘地(Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi मोहनदास करमचंद गाँधी, 1869年10月2日-1948, January 30), also known as "Mahatma Gandhi", the Indian nationalist movement and Congress Party leaders. He is India's Sun Yat-sen, is also India's greatest political leaders. He lead the country towards independence, from British colonial rule. His "non-violent" philosophy, that is, he said the "satyagraha", impact on the world's nationalists and those who seek peaceful change of the international campaign.
Through "non-violent" non-cooperation of citizens, Gandhi, India from the British rule. It also inspired the other colonies to the people for their independence struggle. Ultimately the British Empire collapsed, replaced by the Commonwealth or, more accurately point is Federation (because "the British" prefix in 1946 and has not become the Commonwealth of Nations). Gandhi's main belief is "satyagraha", English to soul force, which means "spiritual force" and "the road of truth" and "the pursuit of truth." This inspired other pro-democracy movement, such as Martin Luther King, Nelson Mandela and others. He often said that he values is very simple, that is (from the traditional Hin belief to the evolution): truth (satya), non-violence (ahimsa).
Experience
Early career
Gandhi was born in the West Indian port city of Porbandar (India was a state soil, this is a state of Gujarat jurisdiction) of the Hin family, his father, Karamchand Gandhi (Karamchand Gandhi) is At that time, the Prime Minister state soil. His mother, Putli, his father's fourth wife. They are the descendants of traders ( "Gandhi" means the food business). 13-year-old, he and the Kastur Tongsui married. They have four children, all boys. Harilal Gandhi, born in 1888; Manilal Gandhi, born in 1892; Ramdas Gandhi, born in 1897; smallest Devdas Gandhi, born in 1900.
1888, which is his 19-year-old, schooling in the United Kingdom, University College in London studying law. While in London, he abide by the Indian when he left his mother to his teachings, not Chihun and alcohol abuse. Although he tried to Britain, for example, on the dance courses, but he did not eat his wife to his landlord mutton and cabbage. He introced her to a vegetarian restaurant in London, where Gandhi to understand and become a vegetarian who. This can be considered to be a conscious choice of his non-violent first step. He participated in the vegetarian societies, and was elected member of the Executive Committee, he also set up a local branch. According to him, to his organization and operation of societies very valuable experience. He encountered the vegetarian, some are Shen members of society. Xue Shen Zhi Societies from Madame Blavatsky established in 1875 as a university extension of the Brotherhood. Their commitment to learning Indian Buddhism and Brahmanism a classic. They encouraged Gandhi to read "Bhagavad." At this point, Gandhi also did not convert to religion, but read on the Hin, Catholic and other religious writings.
After returning home, he has made the British Empire Bar. He tried to work as a lawyer in Bombay. But work has not improved.
South Africa, the civil rights movement
April 1893, Gandhi sent an Indian company to work in South Africa. He saw that Indian immigrants in South Africa, civil liberties and political rights to a large extent be deprived of the status quo, it is discouraged. These migrants are mainly contract workers and indivial businessmen. So he began to protest and lobbying against the Indians against South Africa the legal and racial discrimination. It was therefore criticized him for not extend to protest against the laws of all Africans. In his in South Africa early, there is one thing often instituted. That is, he bought a first-class train ticket, for refusing to third-class compartments were in the train from Pietermaritzburg threw out. June 1903, Gandhi organized a protest movement against the "black law" (The Black Act), the Act make it mandatory for all Asians in South Africa's registration.
1906, Gandhi, the first non-cooperation, and promote non-violent ideology. He led the Indians to the South African authorities cancelled a protest against the illegal Indians the right to vote the proposal, held a demonstration, the Indians collected the signatures, and then set up the Congress Party - the first South African Indians for a civil rights organization. He called on the Indians not to board the South African authorities and Fingerprinting plot, and organized his followers and the South African railway workers to strike, the South African authorities against the oppression of the railway workers. Some Indians because of strikes or demonstrations were arrested, Gandhi put their families together. He from a number of rich people in India and raised the money for them have set up a 1,100 acres of farm land, so that these families live there in a new, simple life of the workforce.
September 1913, he participated in a protest in accordance with the Catholic ceremony of marriage invalid on the campaign.
November 6, 1913, Gandhi was arrested, he is leading a group of Indian miners in South Africa procession. 1914, the Government promised to rece South Africa to the Indians of discrimination.
In South Africa these years, Gandhi from "Bhagavad" and Lev Tolstoy's works draw inspiration. Tolstoy in the 19th century changes in the 1980s has become a personal form of Christian anarchist. Gandhi translated Tolstoy's "Letter to an Indian." The letter is addressed to Tolstoy in 1908 a radical nationalists in India. They have communication to the 1910 death of Tolstoy. Tolstoy's letter cited the "Weida as" the Indian philosophy and Hin god Vishnu's famous quote to express his graally rising nationalism in India's views. In addition, Gandhi has also been works of American writer Henry David Thoreau, "On the civil disobedience" inspired. In short, the years in South Africa, Gandhi is as a period of the formation of social and political activists. At this time non-violent civil disobedience and resistance to the concept and technology began to take shape.
A time of war, Gandhi returned to India, where he launched the campaign, calling on Indians to participate in the British Indian Army. He believes that this performance will be loyal to Britain to the United Kingdom agreed that the British Empire in India as an autonomous form of government of India to achieve self-government. However, this did not succeed.
Indian independence movement
One after the war, he participated in the Congress of the independence movement. He cited his civil disobedience and non-cooperation, and the hunger strike, and other political views, access to worldwide attention. He was arrested by British authorities on many occasions. For example, on March 18, 1922, because of his leadership of the civil disobedience sentence of six years, but only served two years.
Gandhi's other successful strategies of the independence movement there swadeshi policy, that is, boycott foreign-made goods, especially British procts. Related to this is also available on all the Indians he should wear Tubu publicity. Oppose the use of British cloth. Gandhi said India's advocacy of women, rich or poor, should spend a certain amount of time each day weaving, to support the independence movement. At that time, many people believe that these independent campaigns these things, not suitable for the participation of women. Gandhi's strategy of women to join the independence movement in the past.
The 1919 Jallianwala Bagh massacre, he supported a more independent stand firm. At that time, the British Government and the Gorkha mercenaries to peaceful political gatherings of people shot, hundreds of Sikhs, Hins, Muslims have been killed. Apart from the boycott of British procts, Gandhi also strongly encourage people to boycott British schools, legal institutions, dismissed the government work and refused to pay taxes and abandon the United Kingdom to the title and honor.
April 1920, he was elected Chairman of the Indian Self-Government League. December 1921, he was awarded the National Congress Party alliance in the implementation of representatives. Under his leadership, the party reorganization, development of a new constitution. New Constitution provides his goal is to strive for independence. Anyone who paid a nominal fee to join the party. To the rules and disorderly and chaotic management of the campaign committee of the hierarchical structure has been established. Congress Party from an elite organization change has become a popular political party.
1922, in Chauri Chaura, Uttar Pradesh after the outbreak of violence, Mahatma Gandhi suspended his disobedience campaign. He shift social activities. Ajmedabad established in Sabarmati Ashram (monk self-cultivation), the newspaper "young India" (Young India). He was trampling on the history of the caste fight for equal rights, especially for the untouchables (what he called "God's children") to the right.
Gandhi once again participate in the independence movement in 1930. He then called on the Congress Party that he led another large-scale civil disobedience campaign. He therefore in 1930 of March 21 to April 6 leadership of the most famous of his life in a campaign to protest against the colonial government — the public sale of salt, Gandhi Ahmedabad from Delhi to the procession of 400 km , Is called the procession of Delhi (or "salt Team"). Thousands of people walk to the sea salt from their own government rather than to pay tax.
He returned to India in 1915 and quickly become engaged in the independence movement are the leaders of the Congress Party. Through a joint boycott of British goods, Gandhi in India to promote rural instrial development, while non-violent resistance through advocacy, to curb terrorist activities of the tyrannical, although he can not stop these terrorist activities.
Although he often attacked the British Government, but he has been a statement he respected the British. So the British are also admired him, although they do not understand the work of the internal Gandhi.
Gandhi began wearing a Yaobu wrapped around the countryside in India, four lectures, encouraging the use of hand Fangche to lift India to Lancashire (Lancashire) rely on the textile mill.
May 8, 1933, Gandhi began a hunger strike 21 days of the British Government of India's oppression. The summer of 1934, he concted his life in three unsuccessful hunger strike. March 3, 1939 he again hunger strike in Bombay, India's dictatorial rule.
Gandhi, the Congress Party in the choice of his successor is Nehru, the prime minister is later. Nehru and his political opponents Sardar Patel for the independence of India那條Road publicly admitted taking a different view. But Gandhi, Nehru believed that more can be established to protect the people of India.
He was in 1922, 1930, 1933 and 1942 for four times, started a hunger strike in prison through his disobedience movement of civilization. 1931 went to London to participate in the future of India a round table, but no results. To 1942, he believed that independent India is the only possible way out. He and the British in India last two-term Governor (Archibald Po Xiwa Erweiweier and Louis Mountbatten) to cooperate in establishing the independence and partition of India programme, in the August 15, 1947 announcement. At this time, many of Gandhi's followers began known as "Saint-hung."
During World War II
In 1939 when Nazi Germany invaded Poland ring World War II broke out. Although Gandhi of sympathy for the victims of fascist aggression, with the Republican Congress Party comrades after careful consideration, declared that India would not support the surface, is fighting for freedom and the war, even though India was still not free. He claimed that if India can be an independent after the war, he fought side by side with the United Kingdom. The British Government's response is entirely negative, and they also tried to India's Hins and Muslims between the cracks created. In World War II, when Gandhi's independence demands have become more support. He drafted a British withdrawal from India in the draft. This immediately triggered a draft of the history of India's one of the biggest independence movement. The campaign has led to many arrests and the unprecedented scale of violence. Gandhi and his supporters clearly said that if India can not be independent, do not support the war. At this time, he even hinted that he would like to end his support of non-violence can not be shaken. He said: "He's not around this orderly than the real government is still no government." So he was on August 9, 1942 in Mum arrested by British troops, closed two years.
Gandhi that the establishment of self-government of the slow progress, and therefore strengthened the British government's resistance. He was arrested in the regular prison. 1942 ring the Second World War, he claimed that the anti-fascist alliance can only get the support of independent India. This is his last imprisonment.
India-Pakistan partition and the assassination of
Gandhi of India's Hins and Muslims have a major impact. It is said that once he makes one appear on both sides of the conflict subsided. He strongly opposed to any of India's proposal is divided into two countries.
He advocated Hin and Muslim unity and cooperation, promote social improvement, moral self-improvement and the spirit of probation. After World War II, Gandhi hoped that India would become an independent and complete country, but in the end, in order to Indian independence, Mahatma Gandhi to accept India and Pakistan were independent of the programme, Pakistan became an independent Muslim country. The handover of the day, Gandhi did not celebrate India's independence, but alone in Calcutta for the partition and sadness.
He accepted some people dissatisfied with the India-Pakistan partition bill, rejected his non-violent philosophy. When the Indians and Muslims began rioting conflict, Gandhi began his hunger strike in the 14th, everyone notices until after the armistice he would eat. He succeeded the situation was stable. However, in January 30, 1948, has just ended a hunger strike in the Gandhi went to a prayer will be on the way by a Hin fanatics of the Southern Blue Salim high Dexi shot. Later in the trial, the Southern Blue Salim high degree Dexi claiming: "In my shot, I sincerely wish him (Gandhi) and face-to-face respectfully bow to him."
Personal life credo
Gandhi pursued by the Ku Xingseng-Keji personal life system, including vegetarian, celibacy, meditation, abstinence, not words one day a week, give up and wear Western-style clothes in India Tubu do traditional Indian clothing, with Fangche spinning, participation in the labour.
Gandhi's philosophy of non-cooperation and non-violence (satya, ahimsa) Bhagavad by the idea of Hin beliefs and the impact of Jainism. Non-violence (ahimsa) the concept of religion in India in a long time there. Hinism, Buddhism, Jainism in this have to repeat. Gandhi in his autobiography "My experience for the practice of truth" (The Story of my Experiments with Truth) reveals his philosophy and way of life.
Although he went to London, try to eat meat, but he later became a strict vegetarian who. Studying in London when he wrote this a few books. In Hinism and Jainism in the vegetarian is deep-rooted. His hometown there are many Hins who is a vegetarian. He tried a different diet, believe that the ultimate vegetarian sufficient to meet the minimum requirements of the human body. He did not eat for a long time, and as a political weapon.
In his 36-year-old, he abstinence, become a complete abstinence of those. Abstinence is subject to the impact of Hinism. However, he did not divorce. He said the decision with his wife not to discuss, but directly to her announced.
Gandhi did not say one day a week. He believed that the silence brought him inner calm. This comes from the Hin forces from the "silence" (mouna) and "calm" ( "shanti", Sanskrit-). He靠在paper in silence to write the exchange. He started 37 from the three and a half, Gandhi refused to read newspapers. He believes that the outside world noisy than his more disturbed state of mind.
From South Africa in the success of legal work to return to India, he gave up on behalf of the rich and successful Western-style clothes. What he means is being able to wear the India's poorest people to accept. He promote the use of the family textile Tubu (khadi). Gandhi and his followers use Fangche spinning cloth to do their own clothes. This group of British power is a threat. If the Indians because there is no work and leisure, where they buy clothes from the United Kingdom. If the Indians do their own clothes, the British instry on the idle. Later, the Indian National Congress party flag out of Fangche logo.
Honorary title
His title "Mahatma", (General for Translation, "Saint-hung") from the Sanskrit language of the King mahatman, intent "Great Souled", the great soul and is often mistakenly think that is his name. This award in his Tagore "Gurudev" the title means "great teacher" after the 1915 Indian poet Rabindranath Tagore that Labindela (Rabindranath Tagore) presented his known, which means a saint and In a heroic.
The use of the title in India than has been widely accepted, may be part of the times reflected in his India and the United Kingdom complex relationship. In any case, this title is the widespread use of Gandhi in the world for such a non-violent religious beliefs and their extremely dedicated people in line with the widely accepted.
H. 誰有詳細的聖雄甘地Ghandi的英文介紹資料
Introction
Biography
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (1869-1948), also known as Mahatma Gandhi, was born in Porbandar in the present state of Gujarat on October 2, 1869, and ecated in law at University College, London. In 1891, after having been admitted to the British bar, Gandhi returned to India and attempted to establish a law practice in Bombay, with little success. Two years later an Indian firm with interests in South Africa retained him as legal adviser in its office in Durban. Arriving in Durban, Gandhi found himself treated as a member of an inferior race. He was appalled at the widespread denial of civil liberties and political rights to Indian immigrants to South Africa. He threw himself into the struggle for elementary rights for Indians.
Passive Resistance
Gandhi remained in South Africa for 20 years, suffering imprisonment many times. In 1896, after being attacked and beaten by white South Africans, Gandhi began to teach a policy of passive resistance to, and non-cooperation with, the South African authorities. Part of the inspiration for this policy came from the Russian writer Leo Tolstoy, whose influence on Gandhi was profound. Gandhi also acknowledged his debt to the teachings of Christ and to the 19th-century American writer Henry David Thoreau, especially to Thoreau's famous essay 「Civil Disobedience.」 Gandhi considered the terms passive resistance and civil disobedience inadequate for his purposes, however, and coined another term, Satyagraha (Sanskrit, 「truth and firmness」). During the Boer War, Gandhi organized an ambulance corps for the British army and commanded a Red Cross unit. After the war he returned to his campaign for Indian rights. In 1910, he founded Tolstoy Farm, near Durban, a cooperative colony for Indians. In 1914 the government of the Union of South Africa made important concessions to Gandhi's demands, including recognition of Indian marriages and abolition of the poll tax for them. His work in South Africa complete, he returned to India.
Campaign for Home Rule
Gandhi became a leader in a complex struggle, the Indian campaign for home rule. Following World War I, in which he played an active part in recruiting campaigns, Gandhi, again advocating Satyagraha, launched his movement of passive resistance to Great Britain. When, in 1919, Parliament passed the Rowlatt Acts, giving the Indian colonial authorities emergency powers to deal with so-called revolutionary activities, Satyagraha spread through India, gaining millions of followers. A demonstration against the Rowlatt Acts resulted in a massacre of Indians at class="glossary">Amritsar by British soldiers; in 1920, when the British government failed to make amends, Gandhi proclaimed an organized campaign of non-cooperation. Indians in public office resigned, government agencies such as courts of law were boycotted, and Indian children were withdrawn from government schools. Through India, streets were blocked by squatting Indians who refused to rise even when beaten by police. Gandhi was arrested, but the British were soon forced to release him.
Economic independence for India, involving the complete boycott of British goods, was made a corollary of Gandhi's Swaraj (Sanskrit, 「self-ruling」) movement. The economic aspects of the movement were significant, for the exploitation of Indian villagers by British instrialists had resulted in extreme poverty in the country and the virtual destruction of Indian home instries. As a remedy for such poverty, Gandhi advocated revival of cottage instries; he began to use a spinning wheel as a token of the return to the simple village life he preached, and of the renewal of native Indian instries.
Gandhi became the international symbol of a free India. He lived a spiritual and ascetic life of prayer, fasting, and meditation. His union with his wife became, as he himself stated, that of brother and sister. Refusing earthly possessions, he wore the loincloth and shawl of the lowliest Indian and subsisted on vegetables, fruit juices, and goat's milk. Indians revered him as a saint and began to call him Mahatma (great-souled), a title reserved for the greatest sages. Gandhi's advocacy of nonviolence, known as ahimsa (non-violence), was the expression of a way of life implicit in the Hin religion. By the Indian practice of nonviolence, Gandhi held, Great Britain too would eventually consider violence useless and would leave India.
The Mahatma's political and spiritual hold on India was so great that the British authorities dared not interfere with him. In 1921 the Indian National Congress, the group that spearheaded the movement for nationhood, gave Gandhi complete executive authority, with the right of naming his own successor. The Indian population, however, could not fully comprehend the unworldly ahimsa. A series of armed revolts against Great Britain broke out, culminating in such violence that Gandhi confessed the failure of the civil-disobedience campaign he had called, and ended it. The British government again seized and imprisoned him in 1922.
After his release from prison in 1924, Gandhi withdrew from active politics and devoted himself to propagating communal unity. Unavoidably, however, he was again drawn into the vortex of the struggle for independence. In 1930 the Mahatma proclaimed a new campaign of civil disobedience, calling upon the Indian population to refuse to pay taxes, particularly the tax on salt. The campaign was a march to the sea, in which thousands of Indians followed Gandhi from Ahmedabad to the Arabian Sea, where they made salt by evaporating sea water. Once more the Indian leader was arrested, but he was released in 1931, halting the campaign after the British made concessions to his demands. In the same year Gandhi represented the Indian National Congress at a conference in London.
Attack upon the Caste System
In 1932, Gandhi began new civil-disobedience campaigns against the British. Arrested twice, the Mahatma fasted for long periods several times; these fasts were effective measures against the British, because revolution might well have broken out in India if he had died. In September 1932, while in jail, Gandhi undertook a 「fast unto death」 to improve the status of the Hin Untouchables. The British, by permitting the Untouchables to be considered as a separate part of the Indian electorate, were, according to Gandhi, countenancing an injustice. Although he was himself a member of the Vaishya (merchant) caste, Gandhi was the great leader of the movement in India dedicated to eradicating the unjust social and economic aspects of the caste system.
In 1934 Gandhi formally resigned from politics, being replaced as leader of the Congress party by Jawaharlal Nehru. Gandhi traveled through India, teaching ahimsa and demanding eradication of 「untouchability.」 The esteem in which he was held was the measure of his political power. So great was this power that the limited home rule granted by the British in 1935 could not be implemented until Gandhi approved it. A few years later, in 1939, he again returned to active political life because of the pending federation of Indian principalities with the rest of India. His first act was a fast, designed to force the ruler of the state of Rajkot to modify his autocratic rule. Public unrest caused by the fast was so great that the colonial government intervened; the demands were granted. The Mahatma again became the most important political figure in India.
Independence
When World War II broke out, the Congress party and Gandhi demanded a declaration of war aims and their application to India. As a reaction to the unsatisfactory response from the British, the party decided not to support Britain in the war unless the country were granted complete and immediate independence. The British refused, offering compromises that were rejected. When Japan entered the war, Gandhi still refused to agree to Indian participation. He was interned in 1942 but was released two years later because of failing health.
By 1944 the Indian struggle for independence was in its final stages, the British government having agreed to independence on condition that the two contending nationalist groups, the Muslim League and the Congress party, should resolve their differences. Gandhi stood steadfastly against the partition of India but ultimately had to agree, in the hope that internal peace would be achieved after the Muslim demand for separation had been satisfied. India and Pakistan became separate states when the British granted India its independence in 1947 . During the riots that followed the partition of India, Gandhi pleaded with Hins and Muslims to live together peacefully. Riots engulfed Calcutta, one of the largest cities in India, and the Mahatma fasted until disturbances ceased. On January 13, 1948, he undertook another successful fast in New Delhi to bring about peace, but on January 30, 12 days after the termination of that fast, as he was on his way to his evening prayer meeting, he was assassinated by a fanatic Hin.
Gandhi's death was regarded as an international catastrophe. His place in humanity was measured not in terms of the 20th century, but in terms of history. A period of mourning was set aside in the United Nations General Assembly, and condolences to India were expressed by all countries. Religious violence soon waned in India and Pakistan, and the teachings of Gandhi came to inspire nonviolent movements elsewhere, notably in the U.S. under the civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr. and in South Africa under Nelson Mandela.
I. 關於莫罕達斯.甘地，個人一生簡介的英文作文，急求！！！！！！
Mohandas Gandhi was born in India in the year of 1869.He is one of India's greatest leader to help India gain its independence from British rule.Gandhi went to London,England to study law and after his graation,he went to Africa to work.While he was there,he saw how unjust the laws were as they discriminated against the black.He organised demonstrations there and was imprisoned a few times.
After twenty years in Africa,Gandhi returned to India.He sympathised with the masses and did a lot of favour to help the poors.He dreamed of independence for India which was still under British rule.He believed in non-violence and refused to cooperate with the British.He organised peaceful protests.He and his supporters sat on roads and in front of trains at station to protest against British rule.
Gandhi was also saddened by widespread battles between Hins and Muslim-Indians and he worked hard to solve the problem.However,when India finally won its independence from Britian in 1947,it was partitioned into two nations,India and Pakistan.It was the best solution to end the on-going conflict between the two religions.
In 1948,a year after the independence,Gandhi was assassinated by a betrayer.India lost a true patriot.Mohandas Gandhi was a great man for his courage,dedication and perseverance.
這是我很久以前寫過的一篇文章，可能會有些短，若嫌太短可以參考維基網路的網頁來增長（網址貼不上），但希望你能採納。（能的話加些分吧，打字也挺花功夫的）
我寫的時候是用Mahatma Gandhi來稱呼的，後來才知道原來這是人們對他的尊稱，他的真名是Mohandas Gandhi，全名為Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi.
有用請採納，有問題請留言（hi我）。