1. 關於傣族潑水節的英語作文60詞
Water splashing Festival is the most important festival. Every year lunar calendar April, generally for a period of three to four days. So far the Dai people in is also a popular myth: in ancient times, the region has a demon, he do all kinds of evil, people hate him, but nothing can't deal with the devil. Later, the seven girls found the devil's fatal weakness, only the devil hair can kill. One night, the girls brave killed the demon. But the head of the demon touched the ground, he caught fire. At this time, the girls immediately turns up. Every year for a time, when the change. People have to hold head girl splashing water, to flush the blood and tired. Later formed the most important feast -- water-sprinkling festival.
In the" Michael day" is the first day of the festival. People in the morning to gather flowers green leaves to temple worship, but to water" Buddha" -- the Buddha of welcome. " Bath " end, collective water began. A group of young men and women with water gushing, high streets and back lanes, everyone can throw. "Water release, Dai Wang,"" a body splash, happy life" after another auspicious. Happy healthy water blooming in the sky.
The Dragon Boat Festival is the most exciting one of the programs, often in the water-sprinkling festival" wheat pat later Ma" ( third day ) is held. On that day people wear traditional costumes gathered in the Lancang River, Ruili, to watch the Dragon Boat races. The river at diversiform dragon boat, boat, dozens of strong players, command rang, dragon is like an arrow to fly. Everywhere is the gong. Drums. Songs sound. The sound of applause, the festive atmosphere here reached a climax.
" High" is Songkran another program. Is the Dai people a homemade fireworks, will add to the bottom of bamboo powder and other ingredients, in the bamboo tower, the street lead, often at night fireworks. In the air emit brilliant fireworks, like flowers Kam Group, its brightness dazzles the eyes., is very beautiful. The water-sprinkl
2. 傣族潑水節的英文介紹,急用
The Water Splashing Festival held by the Dai Nationality in Xishuangbanna. Also known as the festival of bathing the Buddha, it celebrates the Dai New Year. (Keren Su/LPI)
Walk through Jinghong, the capital of the Xishuangbanna region in the far southwest of China, in the middle of April and you are likely to get very wet.
The culmination of the three day-long water-splashing festival that marks the Dai New Year is a riot of people racing around the streets of Jinghong and the surrounding villages, soaking every person in sight with buckets of water, hoses, water-pistols and water-filled balloons.
Foreigners come in for special attention; it is not unusual for visitors to be drenched the moment they get off the bus in Jinghong, which lies close to the border with and in the deep south of . But there is far more to the water-splashing festival than just the chance for a free shower, because Jinghong and Xishuangbanna is where China meets Southeast Asia.
Everything about the region, from the palm tree-lined streets of Jinghong and the jungle-covered hills outside the city, to the steamy climate and the spicy local cuisine, is more redolent of Southeast Asia than the China of and the . Above all, Xishuangbanna is home to an array of ethnic minorities with close links to their cousins across the nearby frontiers with Laos and Myanmar, as well as . Uniquely for China, the blend of peoples and cultures here means it is a region where ethnic identity is more important than the colour of a person』s passport, or which side of the border you live on.
The water-splashing festival is perhaps the prime example of the trans-cultural nature of Xishuangbanna. Celebrated from 13 to 15 April, the festival marks New Year for the Dai ethnic minority, who make up one-third of the population of the region. Closely related ethnically, culturally and linguistically to the Thais, as well as to the Tai Lue people of northern Laos and eastern Myanmar, the water-splashing festival is the Dai version of Songkran, the Thai New Year that takes place at the same time.
At one time, Xishuangbanna, which is a corruption of the Thai "Sipsawngpanna", which means "12 Rice-Growing Districts", was part of a Dai kingdom that stretched south as far as in northern Thailand. The Dai had their own King until 1953, when he abdicated under pressure from the ruling Chinese Communist Party. But far more than many of China』s ethnic minorities, the Dai have managed to maintain their cultural identity and traditions.
That is despite an influx of Han Chinese, who make up the majority of China』s population, into Jinghong. The water-splashing festival is when the Dai assert their difference from the Han, who celebrate New Year in late January or early February. Nevertheless, the festival has become enormously popular with Han Chinese tourists, who flock into Jinghong to get soaked alongside the locals and foreigners.
For the first two days, however, the festival is comparatively restrained. People wear their best clothes, while older women in the nearby villages don traditional costume such as printed sarongs and black headdresses decorated with silver jewellery, and gather with their families before visiting Dai temples and monasteries. There, they wash the statues of Buddha with water, a practise known as "Bathing the Buddha".
Originally, the now-blessed water would then be collected and poured on family members as a symbolic way of washing away the past year』s dirt and sorrows and to ensure good luck in the coming year. But, like Songkran in Thailand, the third day of the festival has now become a free-for-all, where water is hurled from apartment blocks and out of shops and restaurants, or sprayed from passing cars, at anyone in range. The wetter you get, the luckier you will be.
Once the festival finishes life in Xishuangbanna returns to its normal sleepy state. No one rushes in the tropical heat and life in the hill villages hasn』t changed radically, despite the fact that the region is now on the tourist map. Treks into the countryside offer the chance to meet not just the Dai, but the Wa, Jinuo, Hani and the Bulang minorities, all of whom have their own languages and customs. Just remember to take a towel if you』re in the area in mid-April.
聲明:不是我原創,請改一改語法和修辭,用來交作文的話,慎用!
3. 寫一篇介紹傣族潑水節的英語作文(初中水平
中國的傣族是一隻有著悠久文化傳統的民族,人口近百萬。主要散布在雲南西雙版納傣族自治州.西部傣族景頗族自治州以及耿馬孟連等自治縣。
潑水節是傣族最為重要的節慶。每年陰歷四月舉行,一般為期三至四天。至今傣族人民中還流傳著一個神話:遠古的時候,傣族地區有一個惡魔,他作惡多端,人們恨透了他,可什麼辦法都對付不了惡魔。後來,七位姑娘發現了惡魔的致命弱點,只有惡魔的頭發才可置於死地。一天夜裡,姑娘們勇敢的殺害了惡魔。但惡魔的頭一著地,就燃起了大火。此時,姑娘們立即輪流抱起頭顱。每年換一次,當換人時。人們都給抱頭顱的姑娘潑水,沖去身上的血污和疲倦。後來就形成了傣族最為重要的節日——潑水節。
China Dai is a long cultural tradition of the nation, a population of nearly a million. Mainly distributed in the Yunnan Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture. Western Dai-Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture as well as in Gengma and other autonomous county.
Water splashing Festival is the most important festival. Every year lunar calendar April, generally for a period of three to four days. So far the Dai people in is also a popular myth: in ancient times, the region has a demon, he do all kinds of evil, people hate him, but nothing can't deal with the devil. Later, the seven girls found the devil's fatal weakness, only the devil hair can kill. One night, the girls brave killed the demon. But the head of the demon touched the ground, he caught fire. At this time, the girls immediately turns up. Every year for a time, when the change. People have to hold head girl splashing water, to flush the blood and tired. Later formed the most important feast -- water-sprinkling festival.
In the" Michael day" is the first day of the festival. People in the morning to gather flowers green leaves to temple worship, but to water" Buddha" -- the Buddha of welcome. " Bath " end, collective water began. A group of young men and women with water gushing, high streets and back lanes, everyone can throw. "Water release, Dai Wang,"" a body splash, happy life" after another auspicious. Happy healthy water blooming in the sky.
The Dragon Boat Festival is the most exciting one of the programs, often in the water-sprinkling festival" wheat pat later Ma" ( third day ) is held. On that day people wear traditional costumes gathered in the Lancang River, Ruili, to watch the Dragon Boat races. The river at diversiform dragon boat, boat, dozens of strong players, command rang, dragon is like an arrow to fly. Everywhere is the gong. Drums. Songs sound. The sound of applause, the festive atmosphere here reached a climax.
" High" is Songkran another program. Is the Dai people a homemade fireworks, will add to the bottom of bamboo powder and other ingredients, in the bamboo tower, the street lead, often at night fireworks. In the air emit brilliant fireworks, like flowers Kam Group, its brightness dazzles the eyes., is very beautiful. The water-sprinkling festival is the Dai nationality traditional culture crystallization, is a happy holiday.
4. 用英語寫關於傣族竹樓的傳說
關於傣族竹樓的傳說
About the legend of Dai bamboo house
5. 新疆舞,傣族舞, 藏族舞蹈等中國舞蹈 英文簡單介紹
新疆舞: Xinjiang dance original ethnic Uighurs, dance, lively, clever use of brisk pace, each part of the body carefully, especially the changes of the wrist andwith extremely rich. Xinjiang dance style with a strong Western style.
傣族舞:Dai Dai dance is the ancient folk dance, but also the Dai People's favoritedance. Popular in the Dai area, by the Ruili county and Gengma CountyMengding peacock dance as the representative, out of rich and colorfuldance moves and a sculpture of posture. They dance has strict programsand requirements, have a fixed step and status, even every action has a fixed drum language.
藏族舞:Tibetan dance is the Tibetan national dance blanket name. Tibetan danceculture has a long history and interactions with the Chinese dance culture,but also dance culture and the surrounding country and influence each other, forming the unique China Tibet Plateau Tibetan culture. The more common Tibetan dance, dance, tap, a harp. The Tibetan folk dance varietycharacteristic.
中國的舞蹈太多,樓主沒有說還要哪些就沒發。給個採納吧
6. 傣族的潑水節英語作文
人口106萬.居住在雲南.主要農作物.房子在水邊.重要節曰潑水節.以此表達美好祝願
7. 傣族舞蹈 英文簡介
傣放禁忌很多。客人、長輩、男子居下時,婦女不和早樓。男人所用衣物和工具,婦女不得過。媳婦不能與公公、叔伯直接傳遞東西,必須傳遞時,媳婦要把傳遞的物品放在桌上或適當的地方,再請公公、叔伯去取。男女相遇,女的讓路於下方。路遇公婆,媳婦要把裙子拉緊躬身讓路。祭龍時,外族人不能參加祭典;參加祭典者不能抽煙,不得講外族話,不得作農活,不得帶一枝一葉進村寨。住房正中的柱子不能靠。勐拉普洱上、中、下三寨,入佛寺時須脫鞋,不許摸小和尚的頭。客人上竹樓禁坐火塘上方及跨火塘,不能入主人卧室。
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回答者:熱心網友 | 回答時間:2010-3-16 21:25 | 我來評論
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其他回答 共7條
傣 族:分布在雲南,人口102萬餘人,主要從事農業,寺塔、竹樓和竹橋顯示出了別具一格的建築藝術,有自己的語言文字。——孔雀舞、夾籮飯,潑水節
傣族主要聚居在雲南省西雙納傣族自治州、德宏傣族、景頗族自治州和耿馬、孟連等地,其餘散居在新平、元江等三十餘縣。人口102. 5萬多人(1990年第4次人口普查)。
1953年1月24日成立西雙版納傣族自治州。以後又相繼成立了雲南德宏傣族景頗族自治州(1953年7月24日)、雲南孟連傣族拉祜族佤族自治縣(1954年6月16日)、雲南耿馬傣族佤族自治縣(1955年10月16日)、雲南元江哈尼族彝族傣族自治縣(1980年11月22日)、雲南新平彝族傣族自治縣(1980年11月25日)。
傣族是一個歷史悠久的民族,遠在公元一世紀,漢文史籍已有關於傣族的記載。漢代稱「滇越」、「撣」,唐、宋稱「金齒」、「黑齒」、「白衣」,元、明、清則稱作「白夷」、「擺夷」、「百夷」。1949年後,按照傣族人民的意願,定名為「傣族」。通常人們把內地和邊疆的傣族分別稱為「旱傣」和「水傣」。前者因接近漢族,吸收漢文化較多,稱為漢傣,訛傳為「旱傣」,保持民族特點較多的西雙版納、孟連、瑞麗等地傣族稱為「水傣」。傣族自稱「傣仂」、「傣雅」、「傣那」、「傣綳」等。
傣族龍舟比賽
傣族有自己的語言文字。語言屬漢藏語系壯傣語支。現通行的西雙版納和德宏兩種傣文,系拼音文字,由印度南部巴利文演化而來。傣族人不僅能歌善舞,而且創造了燦爛的文化,其中尤以傣歷、傣醫葯和敘事長詩最為出名。傣歷年為陽歷年,而月為陰歷月,一年分寒、熱、雨三季,每隔三年的九月為閏月,這種歷法現仍通用於泰緬等地。傣醫和蒙、藏、維一起,成為中國最為著名的四大民族醫葯體系。傣族地區流傳著許多敘事長詩,如《召樹屯與南木諾娜》、《蘭戛西賀》、《阿鑾的故事》等。傣劇有100多年歷史。傣族大都信仰小乘佛教。
傣族地區的西雙版納橡膠增產顯著,「普洱茶」馳名中外,地方和鄉鎮企業發展很快,有采礦、機械、電力、化學、陶瓷、皮革、造紙等廠礦企業。
傣族的重大節日是傣歷新年——潑水節、關門節和開門節。「潑水節」是傣族人民送舊迎新的傳統節日,時間在公歷四月中旬。節日期間的主要活動是祭祀拜祖、堆沙、潑水、丟包、賽龍船、放火花及歌舞狂歡等。
禁忌:忌諱外人騎馬、趕牛、挑擔和蓬亂著頭發進寨子;進入傣家竹樓,要把鞋脫在門外,而且在屋內走路要輕;不能坐在火塘上方或跨過火塘,不能進入主人內室,不能坐門檻;不能移動火塘上的三腳架,也不能用腳踏火;忌諱在家裡吹口哨、剪指甲;不準用衣服當枕頭或坐枕頭;曬衣服時,上衣要曬在高處,褲子和裙子要曬在低處;進佛寺要脫鞋,忌諱摸小和尚的頭、佛像、戈矛、旗幡等一系列佛家聖物。
日常食俗 傣族大多有日食兩餐的習慣,以大米和糯米為主食。德宏的傣族主食粳米,西雙版納的傣族則主食糯米。通常是現舂現吃,民間認為:粳米和米需米只有現吃現舂,才不失其原有的色澤和香味,因而不食或很少食用隔夜米,習慣用手捏飯吃。外出勞動者常在野外魚餐,用芭蕉葉或眾飯合盛一團糯米飯,隨帶鹽巴、辣子、酸肉、燒雞、喃咪(傣語,意為醬)、青苔松即可進食。所有佐餐菜餚及小吃均以酸味為主,如酸筍、酸豌豆粉、酸肉及野生的酸果;喜歡吃干酸菜,其製法是把青菜曬干,再用水煮,加入木瓜濁,使味變酸,然後曬干儲藏。吃時放少許煮菜或放在湯內。這種酸菜有地方的傣族幾乎每天都吃。據說傣族之所以常食酸味菜餚,是因常吃不易消化的糯米食品,而酸味食呂有助於消化。日常肉食有豬、牛、雞鴨,不食或少食羊肉,居住在內地的傣族喜食狗肉,善作烤雞、燒雞,極喜魚、蝦、蟹、螺螄、青苔等水產品。以青苔入菜,是傣族特有的風味菜餚。傣族食用的青苔是選春季江水裡岩石上的苔蘚,以深綠色為佳,撈取後撕成薄片,曬干,用竹篾穿起來待用。做菜時,厚的用油煎,薄的用火烤,酥脆後揉碎入碗,再將滾油倒上,然後加鹽攪拌,用糯米團或臘肉蘸食,其味美無比。烹魚,多做成酸魚或烤成香茅草魚,此外還做成魚剁糝(即用魚烤後捶成泥,與大芫荽等調料央而成)、魚凍、火燒魚、白汁黃鱔等。吃螃蟹時,一般都將螃蟹連殼帶肉剁成蟹醬沾飯吃,傣族稱這種螃蟹醬為「螃蟹喃咪布」。苦瓜是產量最高、食用最多的日常蔬菜。除苦瓜外,西雙版納還有一種苦筍,因此傣族風味中還有一種苦的風味,較有代表性的苦味菜餚是用牛膽汁等配料烹制的牛撒皮冷盤拼盤。
傣族地區潮濕炎熱,昆蟲種類繁多,用昆蟲為原料製作各種風味菜餚和小吃,是傣族食物構成的一個重要部分。經常食用的昆蟲有蟬、竹蟲、大蜘蛛、田鱉、螞蟻蛋等。捕蟬是在夏季每天傍晚,蟬群落在草叢中時,蟬翼被露水浸濕,不能飛起,婦女們就趕快把蟬揀入竹籮里,回後後入鍋焙乾制醬。蟬醬有清熱解毒,去痛化腫的醫療作用。傣族人普遍喜食螞蟻蛋,經常食用的是一種築巢於樹上的黃螞蟻,取螞蟻蛋時,先將螞蟻驅走,然後取蛋,螞蟻蛋大小不一,有的大如綠豆,有的小如米粒,潔白晶亮,洗凈曬干,與雞蛋一起炒食,其味鮮美可生食又可熟食,生食時制醬,熟食時用雞蛋穿衣套炸,常用的酸果、苦瓜、苦筍、沖天椒,輔以野生的花椒、芫荽、蒜、香茅草,風味純正,清潔衛生。
傣族人嗜酒,但酒的度數不高,是自家釀制的,味香甜。茶是當地特產,但傣族只喝不加香料的大葉茶。喝時只在火上略炒至焦,沖泡而飲略帶糊味。嚼食檳榔,拌以煙草、石灰,終日不斷。由於長期嚼食唇齒皆黑,口液如血,人以為美。燒陶業較發達,大部分飲餐用具多由婦女燒制。
人們慶祝傣歷1367年潑水節
節慶、禮儀、祭祀食俗 傣族普遍信仰小乘佛教,不少節日與佛教活動有關。在每年傣歷六月舉行的潑水節是最盛大的節日,屆時要賧佛,並大擺筵席,宴請僧侶和親朋好友,以潑水的方式互致祝賀。潑水節期間,除酒、菜要豐盛外,各種傣族風味小吃也很多。如有一種糍粑是用糯米飯舂成團,包蘇子糖餡做成的圓餅,用抹上臘油的芭蕉葉包好,食時可用火烘軟或炸後蘸蜂蜜吃。粑絲是用水把米粉攪成顆粒,蒸熟後舂成團,擀成薄而大的圓餅,冷後疊成疊,食時燙軟入碗,撒各種調料。潑水糍粑是用糯米粉和成團,包紅糖蒸熟,再裹上一層炒香的碗豆面,用芭蕉葉包好可作待客點心。還有把糯米飯泥炸後做成的麻脆等。較重要的節日還有關門節(傣歷7月15日)、開門節(傣歷12月15日),均為小乘佛教節日。新平、元江、景谷、金平等地傣族過春節、端午節、中秋節等,內容與活動大體與當地漢族一樣,較典型的食品有狗肉湯鍋、豬肉乾巴、腌蛋、干黃鱔等。 傣族的節日
在西雙版納傣族中,一家蓋房,全寨都要來幫助,新房落成要賀新房,先上樓的是小夥子,抬著牛頭,唱祝福歌,壯年男子抬箱子,已婚婦女抱被褥,姑娘們端著飯菜依次而上,然後在火塘上支好三腳架,擺上眾桌,置酒備菜,唱賀新房歌,鄉親們還要給主人送一些象徵吉祥的禮物。
「趕擺黃燜雞」是西雙版納男女青年以食傳言的求戀方式,即姑娘把黃燜的雞拿到市場上出售,如果買者恰恰是姑娘的意中人,姑娘就會主動拿出凳子,讓其坐在自己身旁,通過交談,如雙方情投意合,兩人就端著雞,拎著凳子到樹林里互吐衷情;如買者不是姑娘的意中人,姑娘就會加倍要價;再如「吃小酒』,在男女訂婚時,男方挑著酒菜去女方家請客,當客人散去後,男方由三個男伴陪同和女方及女方的三個女伴,共擺一桌共飯。「吃小酒」講吃三道菜:第一道是熱的;第二道要鹽多;第三道要有甜食。表示火熱、深厚和甜蜜。婚禮之日雙方家裡都要舉行婚禮,大都先在女家進行。婚宴時,席桌上要鋪上綠色的芭蕉葉,菜餚有象徵吉祥的血旺(白旺)、年糕及各式菜。宴前新郎、新娘要做拴線儀式,即由主婚人用一根白線繞過雙方的肩,又用兩白線分別拴在新郎、新娘的手腕上,象徵純潔,然後由高齡老人將糯米飯捏成三角形蘸上鹽,置於火塘上的三腳架的頂點上,任其火燒後自然脫落,象徵愛情像鐵一樣堅實。元江大平鄉新娘過門後要與新郎端坐在長凳上,吃四個雞蛋拌的糯米飯,並喝兩杯酒;元江江邊的傣族新娘過門,由男方分給每個送親者肉4片、排骨4根、丸子4個、酥肉4塊,然後方可吃正餐。
傣族葫蘆絲
傣族還供奉自己村寨的社神,傣族稱「去拉曼」,也稱「披曼」,是保護神,每年要祭祀兩次,栽秧前為祈求豐收,秋收後為謝恩,要集體殺牛或豬一頭,各家備貢品送入供奉社神的房內,待念完祭詞後,大家共食。新加入社的成員,要用雞、酒和臘肉條供奉社神。在勐海等地屠宰祭牲仍保留著剽牛和魚食牛皮的風俗。西雙版一次部落神,祭品有的須是黑牛、白豬。元江、新平等地的傣族、普遍崇拜龍樹、龍神,元江江邊傣族每年農歷三月祭龍樹時,全村要殺紅牛,殺前在紅牛身上用白灰畫成花紋,還要在牛身上披紅綠布。同月還要殺豬祭「天公地母」以求保佑牲畜平安。
在傣族民間,特別是在一些邊遠地區,在炊事上仍然有一些禁忌,如:燒柴要先從根部燒起;不得從火塘上跨過;不能隨便移動火塘上的三腳架等等。
典型食品 傣族風味涼、熱腌菜都有典型菜餚和小吃。如:椰子砂鍋雞、油炸麻酥、牛撒皮、酸肉、火燒魚、腌牛頭等。
參考資料:http://..com/question/117390185.html?fr=ala0
回答者: 412596296 | 二級 | 2010-3-17 20:50
傣 族:分布在雲南,人口102萬餘人,主要從事農業,寺塔、竹樓和竹橋顯示出了別具一格的建築藝術,有自己的語言文字。——孔雀舞、夾籮飯,潑水節
傣族主要聚居在雲南省西雙納傣族自治州、德宏傣族、景頗族自治州和耿馬、孟連等地,其餘散居在新平、元江等三十餘縣。人口102. 5萬多人(1990年第4次人口普查)。
1953年1月24日成立西雙版納傣族自治州。以後又相繼成立了雲南德宏傣族景頗族自治州(1953年7月24日)、雲南孟連傣族拉祜族佤族自治縣(1954年6月16日)、雲南耿馬傣族佤族自治縣(1955年10月16日)、雲南元江哈尼族彝族傣族自治縣(1980年11月22日)、雲南新平彝族傣族自治縣(1980年11月25日)。
傣族是一個歷史悠久的民族,遠在公元一世紀,漢文史籍已有關於傣族的記載。漢代稱「滇越」、「撣」,唐、宋稱「金齒」、「黑齒」、「白衣」,元、明、清則稱作「白夷」、「擺夷」、「百夷」。1949年後,按照傣族人民的意願,定名為「傣族」。通常人們把內地和邊疆的傣族分別稱為「旱傣」和「水傣」。前者因接近漢族,吸收漢文化較多,稱為漢傣,訛傳為「旱傣」,保持民族特點較多的西雙版納、孟連、瑞麗等地傣族稱為「水傣」。傣族自稱「傣仂」、「傣雅」、「傣那」、「傣綳」等。
傣族龍舟比賽
傣族有自己的語言文字。語言屬漢藏語系壯傣語支。現通行的西雙版納和德宏兩種傣文,系拼音文字,由印度南部巴利文演化而來。傣族人不僅能歌善舞,而且創造了燦爛的文化,其中尤以傣歷、傣醫葯和敘事長詩最為出名。傣歷年為陽歷年,而月為陰歷月,一年分寒、熱、雨三季,每隔三年的九月為閏月,這種歷法現仍通用於泰緬等地。傣醫和蒙、藏、維一起,成為中國最為著名的四大民族醫葯體系。傣族地區流傳著許多敘事長詩,如《召樹屯與南木諾娜》、《蘭戛西賀》、《阿鑾的故事》等。傣劇有100多年歷史。傣族大都信仰小乘佛教。
傣族地區的西雙版納橡膠增產顯著,「普洱茶」馳名中外,地方和鄉鎮企業發展很快,有采礦、機械、電力、化學、陶瓷、皮革、造紙等廠礦企業。
傣族的重大節日是傣歷新年——潑水節、關門節和開門節。「潑水節」是傣族人民送舊迎新的傳統節日,時間在公歷四月中旬。節日期間的主要活動是祭祀拜祖、堆沙、潑水、丟包、賽龍船、放火花及歌舞狂歡等。
禁忌:忌諱外人騎馬、趕牛、挑擔和蓬亂著頭發進寨子;進入傣家竹樓,要把鞋脫在門外,而且在屋內走路要輕;不能坐在火塘上方或跨過火塘,不能進入主人內室,不能坐門檻;不能移動火塘上的三腳架,也不能用腳踏火;忌諱在家裡吹口哨、剪指甲;不準用衣服當枕頭或坐枕頭;曬衣服時,上衣要曬在高處,褲子和裙子要曬在低處;進佛寺要脫鞋,忌諱摸小和尚的頭、佛像、戈矛、旗幡等一系列佛家聖物。
日常食俗 傣族大多有日食兩餐的習慣,以大米和糯米為主食。德宏的傣族主食粳米,西雙版納的傣族則主食糯米。通常是現舂現吃,民間認為:粳米和米需米只有現吃現舂,才不失其原有的色澤和香味,因而不食或很少食用隔夜米,習慣用手捏飯吃。外出勞動者常在野外魚餐,用芭蕉葉或眾飯合盛一團糯米飯,隨帶鹽巴、辣子、酸肉、燒雞、喃咪(傣語,意為醬)、青苔松即可進食。所有佐餐菜餚及小吃均以酸味為主,如酸筍、酸豌豆粉、酸肉及野生的酸果;喜歡吃干酸菜,其製法是把青菜曬干,再用水煮,加入木瓜濁,使味變酸,然後曬干儲藏。吃時放少許煮菜或放在湯內。這種酸菜有地方的傣族幾乎每天都吃。據說傣族之所以常食酸味菜餚,是因常吃不易消化的糯米食品,而酸味食呂有助於消化。日常肉食有豬、牛、雞鴨,不食或少食羊肉,居住在內地的傣族喜食狗肉,善作烤雞、燒雞,極喜魚、蝦、蟹、螺螄、青苔等水產品。以青苔入菜,是傣族特有的風味菜餚。傣族食用的青苔是選春季江水裡岩石上的苔蘚,以深綠色為佳,撈取後撕成薄片,曬干,用竹篾穿起來待用。做菜時,厚的用油煎,薄的用火烤,酥脆後揉碎入碗,再將滾油倒上,然後加鹽攪拌,用糯米團或臘肉蘸食,其味美無比。烹魚,多做成酸魚或烤成香茅草魚,此外還做成魚剁糝(即用魚烤後捶成泥,與大芫荽等調料央而成)、魚凍、火燒魚、白汁黃鱔等。吃螃蟹時,一般都將螃蟹連殼帶肉剁成蟹醬沾飯吃,傣族稱這種螃蟹醬為「螃蟹喃咪布」。苦瓜是產量最高、食用最多的日常蔬菜。除苦瓜外,西雙版納還有一種苦筍,因此傣族風味中還有一種苦的風味,較有代表性的苦味菜餚是用牛膽汁等配料烹制的牛撒皮冷盤拼盤。
傣族地區潮濕炎熱,昆蟲種類繁多,用昆蟲為原料製作各種風味菜餚和小吃,是傣族食物構成的一個重要部分。經常食用的昆蟲有蟬、竹蟲、大蜘蛛、田鱉、螞蟻蛋等。捕蟬是在夏季每天傍晚,蟬群落在草叢中時,蟬翼被露水浸濕,不能飛起,婦女們就趕快把蟬揀入竹籮里,回後後入鍋焙乾制醬。蟬醬有清熱解毒,去痛化腫的醫療作用。傣族人普遍喜食螞蟻蛋,經常食用的是一種築巢於樹上的黃螞蟻,取螞蟻蛋時,先將螞蟻驅走,然後取蛋,螞蟻蛋大小不一,有的大如綠豆,有的小如米粒,潔白晶亮,洗凈曬干,與雞蛋一起炒食,其味鮮美可生食又可熟食,生食時制醬,熟食時用雞蛋穿衣套炸,常用的酸果、苦瓜、苦筍、沖天椒,輔以野生的花椒、芫荽、蒜、香茅草,風味純正,清潔衛生。
傣族人嗜酒,但酒的度數不高,是自家釀制的,味香甜。茶是當地特產,但傣族只喝不加香料的大葉茶。喝時只在火上略炒至焦,沖泡而飲略帶糊味。嚼食檳榔,拌以煙草、石灰,終日不斷。由於長期嚼食唇齒皆黑,口液如血,人以為美。燒陶業較發達,大部分飲餐用具多由婦女燒制。
人們慶祝傣歷1367年潑水節
節慶、禮儀、祭祀食俗 傣族普遍信仰小乘佛教,不少節日與佛教活動有關。在每年傣歷六月舉行的潑水節是最盛大的節日,屆時要賧佛,並大擺筵席,宴請僧侶和親朋好友,以潑水的方式互致祝賀。潑水節期間,除酒、菜要豐盛外,各種傣族風味小吃也很多。如有一種糍粑是用糯米飯舂成團,包蘇子糖餡做成的圓餅,用抹上臘油的芭蕉葉包好,食時可用火烘軟或炸後蘸蜂蜜吃。粑絲是用水把米粉攪成顆粒,蒸熟後舂成團,擀成薄而大的圓餅,冷後疊成疊,食時燙軟入碗,撒各種調料。潑水糍粑是用糯米粉和成團,包紅糖蒸熟,再裹上一層炒香的碗豆面,用芭蕉葉包好可作待客點心。還有把糯米飯泥炸後做成的麻脆等。較重要的節日還有關門節(傣歷7月15日)、開門節(傣歷12月15日),均為小乘佛教節日。新平、元江、景谷、金平等地傣族過春節、端午節、中秋節等,內容與活動大體與當地漢族一樣,較典型的食品有狗肉湯鍋、豬肉乾巴、腌蛋、干黃鱔等。 傣族的節日
在西雙版納傣族中,一家蓋房,全寨都要來幫助,新房落成要賀新房,先上樓的是小夥子,抬著牛頭,唱祝福歌,壯年男子抬箱子,已婚婦女抱被褥,姑娘們端著飯菜依次而上,然後在火塘上支好三腳架,擺上眾桌,置酒備菜,唱賀新房歌,鄉親們還要給主人送一些象徵吉祥的禮物。
「趕擺黃燜雞」是西雙版納男女青年以食傳言的求戀方式,即姑娘把黃燜的雞拿到市場上出售,如果買者恰恰是姑娘的意中人,姑娘就會主動拿出凳子,讓其坐在自己身旁,通過交談,如雙方情投意合,兩人就端著雞,拎著凳子到樹林里互吐衷情;如買者不是姑娘的意中人,姑娘就會加倍要價;再如「吃小酒』,在男女訂婚時,男方挑著酒菜去女方家請客,當客人散去後,男方由三個男伴陪同和女方及女方的三個女伴,共擺一桌共飯。「吃小酒」講吃三道菜:第一道是熱的;第二道要鹽多;第三道要有甜食。表示火熱、深厚和甜蜜。婚禮之日雙方家裡都要舉行婚禮,大都先在女家進行。婚宴時,席桌上要鋪上綠色的芭蕉葉,菜餚有象徵吉祥的血旺(白旺)、年糕及各式菜。宴前新郎、新娘要做拴線儀式,即由主婚人用一根白線繞過雙方的肩,又用兩白線分別拴在新郎、新娘的手腕上,象徵純潔,然後由高齡老人將糯米飯捏成三角形蘸上鹽,置於火塘上的三腳架的頂點上,任其火燒後自然脫落,象徵愛情像鐵一樣堅實。元江大平鄉新娘過門後要與新郎端坐在長凳上,吃四個雞蛋拌的糯米飯,並喝兩杯酒;元江江邊的傣族新娘過門,由男方分給每個送親者肉4片、排骨4根、丸子4個、酥肉4塊,然後方可吃正餐。
傣族葫蘆絲
傣族還供奉自己村寨的社神,傣族稱「去拉曼」,也稱「披曼」,是保護神,每年要祭祀兩次,栽秧前為祈求豐收,秋收後為謝恩,要集體殺牛或豬一頭,各家備貢品送入供奉社神的房內,待念完祭詞後,大家共食。新加入社的成員,要用雞、酒和臘肉條供奉社神。在勐海等地屠宰祭牲仍保留著剽牛和魚食牛皮的風俗。西雙版一次部落神,祭品有的須是黑牛、白豬。元江、新平等地的傣族、普遍崇拜龍樹、龍神,元江江邊傣族每年農歷三月祭龍樹時,全村要殺紅牛,殺前在紅牛身上用白灰畫成花紋,還要在牛身上披紅綠布。同月還要殺豬祭「天公地母」以求保佑牲畜平安。
在傣族民間,特別是在一些邊遠地區,在炊事上仍然有一些禁忌,如:燒柴要先從根部燒起;不得從火塘上跨過;不能隨便移動火塘上的三腳架等等。
回答者: oosoosoo | 二級 | 2010-3-21 14:23
婦女不許犁田,否則要遭雷劈;蓋房時,女子不許站在高處;女子不得跨過男子的頭;筒裙不能往高處曬;婦女進佛寺只可到規定可去之處,忌任意起動;經、產期婦女,不得入佛寺;婦女不得參加集會跳舞,不能打擊樂器;在公共場合,男人說話,婦女(老婦例外)不能插嘴;家有客人,婦女不能同桌共餐。
進傣家時,忌到樓口不脫鞋;進屋後,忌用腳跺地板。忌倚靠室內中柱上,亦忌掛物於中柱上。傣家火炕旁一般是家長的床鋪,禁忌隨便亂坐,也不可亂動床邊的"聖水瓶"。思茅等到地傣族居處中廳所設的床,禁忌懸掛蚊帳。忌在家中剪指甲、吹口哨和玩響樂器,以為口哨及樂器聲可喚鬼入室。忌在整齊的旱地、菜園里大小便。衣服破了,忌用褲子補,認為會受窮;反之,被破可和衣補。衣服不可用作枕頭;枕頭不可坐。佩掛刀時,忌刀口向內,否則,認為居心不良,是"刺客"。傣族每月屬牛日禁忌使役牛,屬馬日禁忌使役馬。
傣族人嗜酒,但酒的度數不高,是自家釀制的,味香甜。茶是當地特產,但傣族只喝不加香料的大葉茶。喝時只在火上略炒至焦,沖泡而飲略帶糊味。嚼食檳榔,拌以煙草、石灰,終日不斷。由於長期嚼食唇齒皆黑,口液如血,人以為美。燒陶業較發達,大部分飲餐用具多由婦女燒制。
回答者: 熱心網友 | 2010-3-21 22:27
傣 族:分布在雲南,人口102萬餘人,主要從事農業,寺塔、竹樓和竹橋顯示出了別具一格的建築藝術,有自己的語言文字。——孔雀舞、夾籮飯,潑水節
傣族主要聚居在雲南省西雙納傣族自治州、德宏傣族、景頗族自治州和耿馬、孟連等地,其餘散居在新平、元江等三十餘縣。人口102. 5萬多人(1990年第4次人口普查)。
1953年1月24日成立西雙版納傣族自治州。以後又相繼成立了雲南德宏傣族景頗族自治州(1953年7月24日)、雲南孟連傣族拉祜族佤族自治縣(1954年6月16日)、雲南耿馬傣族佤族自治縣(1955年10月16日)、雲南元江哈尼族彝族傣族自治縣(1980年11月22日)、雲南新平彝族傣族自治縣(1980年11月25日)。
傣族是一個歷史悠久的民族,遠在公元一世紀,漢文史籍已有關於傣族的記載。漢代稱「滇越」、「撣」,唐、宋稱「金齒」、「黑齒」、「白衣」,元、明、清則稱作「白夷」、「擺夷」、「百夷」。1949年後,按照傣族人民的意願,定名為「傣族」。通常人們把內地和邊疆的傣族分別稱為「旱傣」和「水傣」。前者因接近漢族,吸收漢文化較多,稱為漢傣,訛傳為「旱傣」,保持民族特點較多的西雙版納、孟連、瑞麗等地傣族稱為「水傣」。傣族自稱「傣仂」、「傣雅」、「傣那」、「傣綳」等。
傣族龍舟比賽
傣族有自己的語言文字。語言屬漢藏語系壯傣語支。現通行的西雙版納和德宏兩種傣文,系拼音文字,由印度南部巴利文演化而來。傣族人不僅能歌善舞,而且創造了燦爛的文化,其中尤以傣歷、傣醫葯和敘事長詩最為出名。傣歷年為陽歷年,而月為陰歷月,一年分寒、熱、雨三季,每隔三年的九月為閏月,這種歷法現仍通用於泰緬等地。傣醫和蒙、藏、維一起,成為中國最為著名的四大民族醫葯體系。傣族地區流傳著許多敘事長詩,如《召樹屯與南木諾娜》、《蘭戛西賀》、《阿鑾的故事》等。傣劇有100多年歷史。傣族大都信仰小乘佛教。
傣族地區的西雙版納橡膠增產顯著,「普洱茶」馳名中外,地方和鄉鎮企業發展很快,有采礦、日
8. 介紹傣族的英文作文
The
Dai
population1600000;
main
settlements
in
Yunnan;
the
main
instrial
agriculture;
the
main
crop,
rice,
soybeans,
rice,
food,
like
to
eat
insects;
has
a
long
history,
has
its
own
language;
like
clean,
frequent
bathing,
often
built
the
house
in
the
water,
is
good
at
singing
and
dancing,
has
a
very
unique
festival,
festival.
傣族人口160萬;主要聚居地雲南;主要產業農業;主要作物,水稻,大豆等,主食,大米,喜歡專吃昆蟲;歷屬史悠久,有自己的語言;喜歡干凈,經常沐浴,常把房子建在水邊,擅長歌舞,有非常獨特的節日,潑水節。
9. 傣族中英文介紹
傣族(Dai)是中國少數民族之一,居於寮國的傣族Thai Lue為同一分支,與泰民族(Thai,泰國主體民族)有歷史和文化淵源,語言、文化和習俗也與泰國和寮國主體民族接近。傣族人口115萬餘人,主要集聚於西雙版納傣族自治州、德宏傣族景頗族自治州和耿馬、孟連、新平、元江等縣,小部分居住在景谷、景東、金平、雙江等縣。
民族服飾:傣族婦女多數束發,著窄袖短衫和長筒裙,但在芒市等地婚前著短衫,束小圍腰,婚後改為穿對襟短衫和黑色筒裙。男子多用白布或青布包頭,上著短衫,下穿長褲,冬天冷時披毛毯。過去傣族人有紋身的習俗。
風俗:潑水節
The Dai (or the Thai peoples of China; Chinese: 傣族; pinyin: Dǎi Zú, also called Dai Lue) is the officially recognized name of an ethnic group living in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture and the Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture (both in southern Yunnan Province of China), and also in Laos, Vietnam, Thailand, and Myanmar.
The Dai people form one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China, and are closely related to the Thai people who form a majority in Thailand.
Although they are officially recognized as a single people by the Chinese state, the Dai people form several distinct cultural and linguistic groups. The two main languages of the Dai are Tai Lü (Xishuangbanna Dai) and Tai Nüa (Dehong Dai); two other written languages used by the Dai in China are Tai Pong and Tai Dam (Black Tai). They all are Tai languages, a group of related languages that includes Thai, Lao, and Zhuang, and part of the Tai-Kadai language family. The Dai peoples follow their traditional religion as well as Theravada Buddhism, and maintain similar customs and festivals (such as Songkran, the April water-splashing festival) to the other Tai-speaking peoples. They are among the few natives groups in China who nominally practice the Theravada school of Buddhism.
Dai people are typically farmers, growing a variety of tropical crops such as pineapples, in addition to the staple crop of rice. Many Dai people live near the Mekong river where it meanders through the far south of Yunnan.
10. 寫英語作文.有關傣族潑水節的短文.70一80詞
China Dai is a long cultural tradition of the nation, a population of nearly a million. Mainly distributed in the Yunnan Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture. Western Dai-Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture as well as in Gengma and other autonomous county.