電力英語作文

① 關於做好電力工程的英語作文

Power shortage a serious impediment to the development of the national economy. Experience around the world shows that the pace of development of electricity proction should be higher than the growth rate of other sectors, in order to promote the coordinated development of the national economy, so the electric power instry has been called an economic "vanguard."
If China's economic development is likened to the "body", then the power engineering construction is undoubtedly support the body flexible movement "bones." How can I ask a healthy body able to leave strong bones it? Continuously push forward the construction of power like the bones provides unlimited energy, plenty of energy supply is a strong guarantee for the effective functioning of the body of the function.
2012, by the world economic recovery is slow and the impact of domestic macro-control, China's economic growth continued decelerating trend, the annual GDP 51.9322 trillion yuan, calculated at comparable prices, an increase of 7.8% over the previous year. Since 2000, China's power consumption, the proction rate has been higher than GDP growth, which makes electricity (proction, consumption) long-term elasticity coefficient greater than 1, so that the energy consumption per unit of GDP has been difficult to come down, indicating that the strong momentum of China's electricity consumption .
"Twelve Five" will be a key period for China's development mode transformation of electricity, power companies have to seize the opportunity to accelerate the innovation and development, adhere to conservation priority, a priority to develop hydropower, optimizing the development of coal, to develop nuclear power, and actively promote new energy generation, moderate development of gas central power, local conditions to develop distributed generation, to accelerate the construction of a strong smart grid, promote the development of the equipment instry, and promote the harmonious development of the green. "Twelve Five" period, the country's electricity instry investment will reach 5.3 trillion yuan, than the "Eleventh Five" increased by 68%. Aspects of power project construction, "Twelve Five Year Plan" power investment of about 2.75 trillion yuan, accounting for 52% of all electricity investments. By 2015, the national power generation capacity will reach 1.437 billion kilowatts, an average annual increase of 8.5%. Among them, water is 284 million kilowatts, 41 million kilowatts pumped storage, coal 933 million kilowatts, 43 million kilowatts of nuclear power, natural gas power 30 million kilowatts, 100 million kilowatts of wind power, solar power 2 million kilowatts, biomass power generation and other 300 million kilowatts.
Power grid construction, "Twelve Five Year Plan" grid investment of about 2.55 trillion yuan, accounting for 48% of total electricity investment. In 2015 the country will form the north, east and central China UHV power grid as the core of the "three vertical and three horizontal" main grid. Ximeng, Mengxi, Zhangbei, North Shaanxi energy base by three longitudinal UHV transmission channel to the north, east and central China, northern coal, Southwest Water through three lateral UHV access to the north, central and Yangtze River Delta UHV power transmission ring.
The rapid development of power engineering construction and reasonable structure for China's economic development provides a strong guarantee, robust "bones" to promote the sound and rapid development of national economy.
電力不足嚴重阻礙著國民經濟的發展。世界各國的經驗表明，電力生產的發展速度應高於其他部門的發展速度，才能促進國民經濟的協調發展，所以電力工業又被稱為國民經濟的「先行官」。
如果把我國的經濟發展比作是「身體」，那麼，電力工程建設無疑就是支撐身體靈活運動的「筋骨」。試問一個健康的身體怎能離得開強健的筋骨呢?電力工程建設的不斷推進就像是為筋骨提供了無限的能量，充沛的能量供應是身體各項機能有效運作的有力保障。
2012年，受世界經濟復甦緩慢和國內宏觀調控的影響，我國經濟增長延續減速態勢，全年國內生產總值519322億元，按可比價格計算，比上年增長7.8%。自2000年以來，中國電力消費、生產的速度一直高於GDP增速，這使得電力(生產、消費)彈性系數長期大於1，因此單位GDP能耗一直難以降下來，說明我國的電力消費勢頭強勁。
「十二五」將是我國轉變電力發展方式的關鍵時期，電力企業須抓住機遇，加快創新發展，堅持節約優先、優先開發水電、優化發展煤電、大力發展核電、積極推進新能源發電、適度發展天然氣集中發電、因地制宜發展分布式發電、加快推進堅強智能電網建設、帶動裝備工業發展、促進綠色和諧發展。「十二五」期間，全國電力工業投資將達到5.3萬億元，比「十一五」增長68%。電源工程建設方面，「十二五」規劃電源投資約為2.75萬億元，佔全部電力投資的52%。2015年，全國發電裝機容量將達到14.37億千瓦左右，年均增長8.5%。其中，水電為2.84億千瓦，抽水蓄能4100萬千瓦，煤電9.33億千瓦，核電4300萬千瓦，天然氣發電3000萬千瓦，風電1億千瓦，太陽能發電200萬千瓦，生物質能發電及其他300萬千瓦。
電網建設方面，「十二五」規劃電網投資約2.55萬億元，占電力總投資的48%。2015年全國將形成以華北、華東、華中特高壓電網為核心的「三縱三橫」主網架。錫盟、蒙西、張北、陝北能源基地通過三個縱向特高壓交流通道向華北、華東、華中地區送電，北部煤電、西南水電通過三個橫向特高壓交流通道向華北、華中和長三角特高壓環網送電。
電力工程的快速發展和合理的建設結構為我國的經濟發展提供了有力保障，強健的「筋骨」促進了我國國民經濟的又好又快發展。

② 電力英文翻譯

系統建模

圖。抄 1顯示了簡化單線圖的襲220千伏， 50赫茲， 200公里的交流輸電線路的影響。

輸入的220千伏輸電線路是由13.8千伏同步發電機的故障水平約1000和300增值， 13.8/220

千伏變壓器。總督和勵磁也仿照同機。

盡頭的線連接到一個無限母線通過300增值， 220/13.8千伏變壓器。

直流系統在每一個中立提供從現有的空調系統，由12個脈沖橋梁。高通濾波器，用於在中立的連接分流的高頻成分，其中包括50 ，地球。控制項中使用的直流系統主要是那些CIGRE基準模型[ 11 ]修改，以適應減少電壓（ 20千伏）和電源（ 5兆瓦） 。

整流器控制工程在正常運行中的恆電流模式。該逆變器在正常操作時的作品在不斷γ -控制模式，並已納入馬恆流控制，以滿足條件時，整流器公司經營的最低限制在 （這個實在看不懂，就沒翻譯）和動態條件。

③ 求一篇關於電力改革或者差別電價的英文文章

Innovation in Electric Power?
Electric power is often considered the most transformative technology of the past 100 years. Its near universal adoption in our homes and workplaces (e.g., to power appliances, communications, and computers) is indeed remarkable. As a result, the electric instry today boasts $600 billion in assets in the U.S., as well as yearly sales of $260 billion (double that of the telecom instry). However, many believe that the business model by which the U.S. and Midwest proces and delivers electric power is outmoded and subpar. Movement toward a more competitive framework can be expected to proce innovations that would achieve significant cost rections, greater reliability, and a cleaner environment.

The executive director of the Northeast-Midwest Institute, Dick Munson, has recently written a book entitled From Edison to Enron, which recounts the history of electricity and suggests an innovation-based vision for the future of the power instry.

In it, Munson describes major shifts in the electric power instry since its inception. At the dawn of the twentieth century, Chicago mogul Samuel Insull combined many small neighboring electric generation facilities, which achieved economies of scale and balanced loads throughout the day. In doing so, Insull was able to lower prices and increase reliability, thereby expanding the market and use of the proct. At the time of his company』 peak in the 1920s, it served 4 million customers in 32 states.

Insull』s innovations transcended the physical proction process. Tired of dealing with (and compensating) many local governments for the rights to serve fragmented local markets, Insull successfully pushed for state level regulation of electric power. And so, the state-regulated monopoly model eventually became the national norm. This bargain provided reliable power at regulated prices to consumers in return for state-sanctioned rates of return on investment for utility owners.

Though this model remained intact for most of the twentieth century, Insull』s business empire eventually collapsed amidst charges of corrupt business practices. Munson draws a thoughtful parallel between Samuel Insull』s business and Kenneth Lay』s Enron Corporation. Laying aside the later collapse of Enron, its futuristic business model for electric power proction and delivery, trading across the broad geography of the United States, continues to shape the instry today. It is a model of competitive power proction and, in some instances, competitive delivery, in which indivial power procers have the incentive to innovate because they have a broad market in which to sell their proct.

What are the possible gains (i.e., possible innovations) in following this new business model? According to Munson, the costs to businesses of power interruptions are on the order of $120 billion per year under the existing state-regulated monopoly model. Yet, under this older model, almost no research and development (R&D) takes place by the instry. At a recent book chat at the Chicago Fed, Munson said, 「Last year, R&D expenditures by the dog food instry exceeded those of public utilities.」

Munson believes that we are on the verge of a vast array of innovations, if only they are not blocked by existing legislation and the old business model. In particular, progressive techniques for co-generation and other recycling of energy and waste energy are capable of procing remarkable efficiency gains. For instance, Scandanavian countries such as Finland are leading the way in co-generation, achieving upwards of 80% energy efficiency in electric power–heat proction. And from an environmental perspective, efficiency gains from such techniques are every bit as 「clean」 as those touted from alternative fuels.

The Great Lakes region could become a leader in reforming its power instry if it chose to do so. However, if the region is to acheve a workable model of competition, a large and well-managed infrastructure must be put into place which would allow buyers and sellers to readily trade electric power (link).

In the meantime, the monumental price-spike disaster in California five years ago, following its experiment to decouple power proction from the distribution of electric power, continues to give policymakers great pause. For instance, Illinois passed the Restructuring Act of 1997 that began to decouple power generation businesses from the power delivery and service businesses. In northern Illinois, very large customers (e.g., big corporations) began to negotiate their own purchases of electric power, while their local utility company typically maintained the responsibility for delivering it. For smaller customers, particularly residential customers, decoupling was deferred until 2007, and rates were frozen (actually lowered 20 percent) until that time. In the meantime, independent power procers were encouraged to get on to the delivery network. After 2006, the utility company, Commonwealth Edison (CE), will act as a purchasing agent for residential customers, buying power from independent procers through an auction process and passing along both distribution charges and power costs to consumers.

After the rate freeze expires, CE will require a rate increase to pay for its infrastructure investments in the distribution system since 1997. In 2005, some critics feared that the particular process by which CE would bid for power would raise customer rates unly. And so, the prospect of a price spike for residential customers when the price freeze expires contributed to an outcry over CE』s plans to move to the auction process in 2007. Nonetheless, plans for this next phase of deregulation were approved by the state』s regulatory authority.

Much like residential and small customers in most of the nation, those in Illinois have enjoyed a long period of stable or declining prices. From 1995 to 2005, the real or inflation adjusted price of electric power has declined by an annual average of 4.4 percent. Of course, electric bills have climbed along with the increasing consumption of electricity in powering home electronics and electrical appliances.

The chart below displays average electric revenues (so-called average prices) for providing electric power to residential customers in the Seventh District states. Price rises since have been tame or have declined in real terms.

Click to enlarge image.

However, residential electric prices will soon be rising, on average, in the Midwest and nationwide. That is because fuel costs, including those for natural gas, coal, and petroleum, have been rising sharply for power generators, much as they have been rising in other end-use sectors (link). Because of lags in the passing through of fuel costs in the quasi-regulated environment, small customers in the residential sector have not yet felt the impact of fuel price rises (which typically make up two-thirds or so of delivered electricity costs for residential consumers). But the pass-through of rising fuel costs is now 「in the pipeline.」

The rising prices for electric power are likely to confuse and frustrate many customers who will associate price hikes with the shifting regulatory structure of the instry, especially those who remember the mistaken path to deregulation taken by California. It will be a shame if their confusion and frustration over rising prices stalls the necessary innovations in power proction that Dick Munson envisions for the Midwest in the years ahead.

http://midwest.chicagofedblogs.org/archives/2006/02/innovation_in_e.html

④ 誰有有關電廠的專業英語作文急需懸賞50拜託了

[electric power plant] is a form of primitive energy (such as hydro, steam, diesel and gas) into electricity for fixed facilities or transport electricity power plant (nuclear power plants, wind farms, solar power plants, etc.) . Thermal power

Thermal power generation is thermal power generation by combustion of fuel (coal, petroleum and its procts, natural gas, etc.) are obtained. Thermal power generating units, there are two main forms: the use of high temperature and high pressure steam boiler steam turbine driven rotary impulse generator, called the Turbine; fuel into the gas turbine thermal energy directly into mechanical energy to drive a generator for power generation, known as gas turbine power generation unit. Usually refers to the power plant turbine generator-based power plants.
Thermal power plant consists of four key components, namely boilers, turbines, condenser, generator. Fuel combustion chemical energy is converted to heat water in the boiler is heated into steam, and steam driven turbine acting thermal energy, thermal energy into mechanical energy and electrical energy into mechanical energy generator, thus completing the entire power generation process.
Hydropower

Hydropower is the height of a river or lake, river) through the gap formed downstream of diversion leads to push the rotating turbine driven generator. In hydro power plants group known as hydroelectric plants.
Hydroelectric power plant performance by reservoir regulation can be divided into:
① Radial hydropower plant: no reservoir, basically to how much electricity a hydropower plant water hair;
② Japanese Adjustable hydropower plant: a small reservoir, regulating reservoir for a day and night cycle, day and night will be a natural flow through reservoir regulation of hydropower generation;
③ Adjustable hydropower plant in: natural runoff within a year of each month to optimize distribution, regulation, the wet into the reservoir of excess water, turn on the water to ensure the dry season hydropower generation.
④ Adjustable hydropower plant for many years: the natural inflow for many years to optimize the uneven distribution, regulation, large multi - year regulating reservoir capacity, the excess amount of water stored in reservoirs wet years, dry years the water shortage supplement to ensure Adjustable output power plants.
Nuclear power

Nuclear power is the use of the atomic reactor fuel (such as uranium) fission slowly release heat to generate steam (instead of the power plant boiler) and then drive steam turbine driven generator rotating power. In nuclear power plants mainly known as nuclear power plants, referred to as nuclear power plants. Depending on the type of nuclear reactors, nuclear power plants can be divided into type PWR, BWR-type, gas-cooled reactor type, CANDU type, fast breeder reactor type and the like.
Wind power

Use of wind blowing on the top of the tower built in large blades rotating wind driven generator called by a few blocks, a dozen or even dozens of seats composed of wind turbine power generation site called wind farms.
Other new energy

Such as geothermal power plants, tidal power plants, solar power plants.

⑤ 合理地運用的電力英文

To correct and standardize the operation,control,management of the power system.Can accurately test electrical equipment.Have a certain design,development,manufacturing electrical equipment base.

⑥ 電力英語文章 求一篇兩千字左右的和電力有關的英文文章 最好帶翻譯 沒有也成 謝謝啦

The protection of power transformers may be divided into
two groups: against overloads and against short circuits (which
may or not involve earth). The main protection of power
transformers is usually performed by differential relays (87),
gas relays installed in the main tank (63) and in the on load tap
changer tank (63C) and safety devices for pressure relief
(63VS). On the other hand, usually non-directional
overcurrent relays (51) with inverse or very-inverse time
curves are applied to provide backup protection. These
overcurrent relays in most cases also have an instantaneous
unit (50).
Overcurrent and differential relays should be fed by
independent current transformers. The operation of any of the
previously cited relays should trip the circuit breakers
responsible for disconnecting the power transformer. In order
to avoid unnecessary outages, these relays should not operate
ring magnetizing transients or when overloads are tolerable.
Gas and differential relays are considered selective, so their
operation usually implies the existence of internal faults in the
transformer and the necessity of maintenance. Consequently,
when they detect a fault they not only send trip signals to
circuit breakers in order to interrupt the fault, but also lock
them open through the lockout relay (86). Since nondirectional
overcurrent relays may operate when the fault isexternal, they only switch circuit breakers to the open position
through the operation of an auxiliary relay (94).
This typical protection scheme is shown in figure 1. Part of
the previously cited protective devices are supplied with the
transformer (63, 63C, 63VS) and part are installed in panels
located in the substation control room (87, 51, 86, 94). More
information on these relays and on power transformer
protection systems may be found in [3].

翻譯：
電力變壓器的保護可以分為兩組:防止過載和防止短路（可能涉及地線 )。電力變壓器的主要保護通常是由變壓器差動繼電器(87),主槽上的氣體繼電器(63)和轉換槽上的負荷開關(63C)和減壓的安全設備(63VS)。另一方面,通常有反時特性曲線的非定向過流繼電器常用來提供後備保護。這些過電流繼電器在大多數情況下也有個瞬時單位(50)。
過載電流和差動繼電器應該由獨立電流互感器供電。任何對於前期引用繼路器的操作應當由於失去和電力變壓器的鏈接而觸發斷電器。為了避免不必要的中斷,這些繼電器不應在磁化瞬變或者過載可承受的時候進行操作。
氣體和差動繼電器是可選的,所以它們操作通常意味著在繼電器中存在內部故障和變壓器需要必要維護。因此，當他們探查到一個錯誤，它們為了防止故障發生不僅發出觸發信號給斷電器，同時也閉鎖繼電器。由於過流繼電器在故障出現時可以自動修復，它們僅僅在使用輔助繼電器的時候將斷電器的開關切換到開的位置
這款典型的保護方案如圖1所示。部分前期引用保護裝置由變壓器(63,63C,63VS)來支持，部分則安裝在位於變電站控制房間的面板上(87,51 86,94)。更多。關於這些繼電器和電力變壓器保護系統的信息可在[3]中找到。

⑦ 求一篇有關電力系統的英文文獻（最好帶翻譯）！不勝感激

已經發了附件，英文版的，非常齊全的電力系統，可惜沒有中文翻譯，不過有圖片等，應該不難理解。