馬克思英語作文

❶ 關於馬克思的英語作文

He is such as a scientist. But this was his body is far from the main. In marxist view, science is one in history pushed ahead, revolutionary force. Any foreign scientific theory of each new discovery, even if it's actual application may also be predicted - made Marx feel heartfelt joy. But when there are immediately to instry, the development of general history of proced revolutionary influence discovered, his joy is completely different. For example, he ever pay close attention to electrical various found the development situation, not long ago, he also noticed marcel DE Depp le discovery.
Because Marx first a reformer. All his life he real mission, is in this or that way in the overthrow of capitalist society and its established by national facilities career, to participate in the modern proletarian liberation, it is the first time he make modern proletarian aware of its own position and needs, realize oneself liberation prerequisites, - this is actually him in his mission. Struggle is his life elements. Few people like him and enthusiastic, perseverance and fruitful to struggle. The earliest "reinhard news (1842), Paris" QianJinBao "(1844), the deutsche - Brussels news (1847)," new Rhine news (1848-1849), the New York daily news (BBS 1852-1861), and many rich militancy pamphlets, in Paris, Brussels and London each organization of job, finally, as the peak of all activities, creating great international workers association - honestly, association, the founder of even if nothing else to do, also can for this one result proud.
Because of this, so Marx is contemporary was the best-hated and most calumniated man. Governments - whether autocratic or republican government - are expelled him, Bourgeois -- whether conservative or ultra democratic - are scrambling slandered him, curse him. He regardless of all this, use them for silk gently efface, just as in extremely necessary to reply. Now he died throughout Europe and the America, from the mines of Siberia to California by millions of revolutionary workers universally expore ways to his beloved, revered and mourned. I'm boldly say: he may have had many enemies, but not necessarily a personal enemy. 望參考！！

❷ 有關馬克思和恩格斯之間的友誼的文章（英文版）

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Marx, K (1818.5.5-1883.3.14) Engels, F (1820.11.28-1895.8.5)

Marx
Birthplace Trier, Germany.
Posts Held Writer and political leader; lived in exile in France, Belgium and England, with financial support from Friedrich Engels.
Degrees PhD Univ. Jena, 1841.
Publications Books: 1. The Poverty of Philosophy (1847, 1956); 2. Communist Manifesto (1848, 1972); 3. The Class Struggles in France (1848, 1972); 4. A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy (1859, 1971); 5. Capital , vol 1, (1867, 1976), vols 2 and 3, ed. F. Engels (1885-94, 1909, 1978); 6. Theories of Surplus Value , 3 vols (1905-10, 1963); 7. Collected Works , 12 vols (1927-35); 8. Foundation of the Critique of Political Economy (1939-41, 1973).
Career Best known as the founder of international communism, he was a philosopher, social scientist and one of the major economists of his or any other age. Already deeply involved in socialist politics, his Communist Manifesto may be described as the most important political pamphlet of the nineteenth century. His life was spent in London, writing and organising, the former taking increasing precedence over the latter. The comprehensiveness of his studies and the difficulties of his personal circumstances meant that many of his major projects remained unfinished at his death. His masterpiece Das Kapital is only partially complete; the first volume appeared ring his lifetime; and further material was edited by Engels. Much other material has been published posthumously including the important Grundrisse and Theorien über den Mehrwert . Using Hegel's dialectical method, but abandoning his political philosophy, he attempted to show both how society was progressing through successive stages towards the ultimate goal of communism and how that process might be accelerated. To this end he absorbed as much as much as possible of the existing social and economic thought; for example, his knowledge of previous writings in political economy was as nearly comprehensive as was possible at the time. His ideas have inspired both political Marxism and a very large body of social science grounded in his theoretical schema.
Secondary Literature E. Mandel, Marxist Economic Theory (Merlin Press, 1962); M. Rubel, `Marx, Karl', International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences , D. L. Sills (ed.) (Macmillan and Free Press, 1968), vol. 10; D. McLellan, Karl Marx. His Life and Thought (Macmillan, 1973); L. Kolakowski, Main Currents of Marxism , 3 vols (OUP, 1978).

Engels
Birthplace Barmen, Germany.
Posts Held Cotton manufacturer and journalist.
Publications Books: 1. The Condition of the Working Class in England (1845, 1958); 2. The Holy Family (with K. Marx), (1845, 1956); 3. The German Ideology (with K. Marx), (1845, 1939); 4. The Peasant War in Germany (1850, 1956); 5. Anti-Dühring (1878, 1959); 6. Socialism: Utopian and Scientific (1880, 1935); 7. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State (1884, 1942); 8. Ludwig Feuerbach and the Outcome of Classical German Philosophy (1886, 1941).
Career Revolutionary and Marx's close collaborator and friend. After their first meeting in 1844 to discuss Engels's early economic writings, Engels graally left theoretical work to Marx and concentrated on polemical and journalistic writing. He wrote extensively on military topics and the military aspects of revotution. After Marx's death, he organised the editing and publication of his works, including the unpublished second and third volumes of Kapital , and provided them with important introctions. Because of the close association in which he and Marx worked it is almost impossible to distinguish their indivial contributions to any aspect of theory on which they wrote, including the subject of economics.
Secondary Literature G. Mayer, Friedrich Engels: a Biography (Chapman, 1936); T. Ramm, `Engels, Friedrich', International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences , D. L. Sills (ed.) (Macmillan and Free Press, 1968), vol. 5; W. O. Henderson, The Life of Friedrich Engels , 2 vols (Frank Cass, 1974).

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Marx and Engels: Communism
Nineteenth-century hought about social issues took a different turn with the work of such reformers as Godwin and Proudhon.

The most comprehensive and influential new way of thinking about social, economic, and political issues was that developed by German philosopher Karl Marx. Like Ludwig Feuerbach, Marx belonged to a generation of German scholars who appropriated but diverged significantly from the teachings of Hegel.
Early in his own career, Marx outlined his disagreement with the master's political theories in A Contribution to the Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right. Hegel's emphasis on the abstract achievements of Art, Religion, and Philosophy overlooked what is truly important in human life, according to Marx. Religion in particular is nothing more than a human creation with its own social origins and consequences: it gives expression to human suffering without offering any relief from it by disguising its genuine sources in social and economic injustice. Even philosophy, as an abstract discipline, is pointless unless it is transformed or actualized by direct application to practice.

Marx maintained that progress would best be founded on a proper understanding of instry and the origins of wealth, together with a realistic view of social conflict. Struggle between distinct economic classes, with the perpetual possibility of revolution, is the inevitable fate of European society. Specifically, Marx argued that the working-class of Germany has become the ideal vehicle for social revolution because of the loss of humanity it has suffered as a result of the instrialization of the German economy.

In the unfinished section on "Alienated Labor" from the Ökonomisch-philosophische Manuskripte aus dem Jahre 1844 (Economic and Political Manuscripts of 1844) (1844) Marx tried to draw out the practical consequences of the classical analysis of the creation of value through investment of human labor. To the very extent that the process is effective, he argued, it has a devastating effect on the lives of indivial human beings.

Workers create procts by mixing their own labor in with natural resources to make new, composite things that have greater economic value. Thus, the labor itself is objectified, its worth turned into an ordinary thing that can be bought and sold on the open market, a mere commodity. The labor now exists in a form entirely external to the worker, separated forever from the human being whose very life it once was. This is the root of what Marx called alienation, a destructive feature of instrial life.

Workers in a capitalistic economic system become trapped in a vicious circle: the harder they work, the more resources in the natural world are appropriated for proction, which leaves fewer resources for the workers to live on, so that they have to pay for their own livelihood out of their wages, to earn which they must work even harder. When the very means of subsistence are commodities along with labor, their is no escape for the "wage slave."

Thus, Marx pointed out, workers are alienated in several distinct ways: from their procts as externalized objects existing independently of their makers; from the natural world out of which the raw material of these procts has been appropriated; from their own labor, which becomes a grudging necessity instead of a worthwhile activity; and from each other as the consumers of the composite procts. These dire conditions, according to Marx, are the invariable consequences of instrial society.

The Communist Manifesto
Marx did not suppose the situation to be inescapable, however. Together with his collaborator, Friedrich Engels, Marx developed not only an analysis of current conditions but also a plan for political action, together with a theory about the historical inevitability of its success. In the Manifest der kommunistischen Partei (Communist Manifesto) (1848), Marx and Engels presented their practical proposals for changing the world.

Social history is nothing other than a record of past struggles between distinct social classes. In the modern, instrial world, the most significant classes are the bourgeoisie, people who own land, resources, factories, and other means of proction, and the proletariat, people who work for wages. In its efforts to succeed, the bourgeoisie must constantly revise and renew the means of proction, ensuring a constant infusion of capital by building larger cities, promoting new procts, and securing cheaper commodities.

As capital increases and the means of proction expand, however, the labor of the proletariat becomes ever less valuable. Alienated from themselves and each other, workers have little political influence. Even small shopkeepers and skilled laborers are encouraged to join with the bourgeoisie in its drive for capital, instead of expressing their natural alliance with wage workers. Nevertheless, Marx and Engels noted, the proletariat constitutes a majority of the population, and the prospect of its organization for effective political action is what raised the "spectre" of Communism in instrial Europe.

Thus, Part II of the Manifesto declares the intention of communism to overthrow the bourgeoisie and to situate all political power in the proletariat instead. This would have lots of practical consequences: Although the surplus value of capital would be undermined, indivial property interest in one's own labor would be restored, so that alienation can be avoided. Child labor would be ended, and universal provision for ecation would guarantee that future generations have greater control of their own destiny. Women would be empowered in their own right as workers, instead of being subject to domination by male bourgeois. Progressive taxation would provide for a re-distribution of capital, and the struggle between classes would be ended. The list of practical aims at the end of Part II is impressive, and many of its features have been implemented throughout the world ring the past century-and-a-half.

The Manifesto continues with an effort to position the Communist Party favorably in relation to other social and political movements of the nineteenth century. Its conclusion is a stirring call for political action by the great, sleeping giant of the proletariat.

Economic Details
For the rest of his life, Marx worked on a massive effort to explain and defend his economic theories. The multi-volume work, Das Capital (Capital) (1867-95) began to appear ring his lifetime, but was left unfinished at his death. More scholarly in tone than the popular Manifesto, this grand statement of principles provided a legacy of economic theory for future generations.

❸ 馬克思的簡介 英文版

Marx is one of the founders of Marxism, the organizer and leader of the First International, and the founder of the Marxist political party.

馬克思，馬克思主義的創始人之一，第一國際的組織者和領導者，馬克思主義政黨的締造者。

The revolutionary mentor of the proletariat and working people all over the world, the spiritual leader of the proletariat, and the pioneer of the International Communist movement.

全世界無產階級和勞動人民的革命導師，無產階級的精神領袖，國際共產主義運動的開創者。

(3)馬克思英語作文擴展閱讀

馬克思是德國的思想家、政治學家、哲學家、經濟學家、革命理論家和社會學家。主要著作有《資本論》《共產黨宣言》等。馬克思創立的廣為人知的哲學思想為歷史唯物主義，其最大的願望是對於個人的全面而自由的發展。

馬克思創立了經濟理論《資本論》，馬克思確立他的闡述原則是「政治經濟學批判」。馬克思認為，這是「政治經濟學原理」的東西。

馬克思認為資產階級的滅亡和無產階級的勝利是同樣不可避免的。他和恩格斯共同創立的馬克思主義學說，被認為是指引全世界勞動人民為實現社會主義和共產主義理想而進行斗爭的理論武器和行動指南。

❹ 馬克思的英文名字

馬克思沒有英文名字，他是德國人，只有德文名字Karl Heinrich Marx。

馬克思是德國的思想家、政治學家、哲學家、經版濟學家、革命理論家、歷史學家和社會學家。主要著作有《資本論》《共產黨宣言》等。馬權克思創立的廣為人知的哲學思想為歷史唯物主義，其最大的願望是對於個人的全面而自由的發展。

馬克思主義在20世紀初到20世紀中葉，藉由列寧和布爾什維克黨建立的蘇聯的傳播達到巔峰。在這段期間馬克思主義在當代的解釋受到許多學者的疑問與爭議。隨著蘇聯的勢微與解體，馬克思主義在政治上的影響力也有所減弱。

(4)馬克思英語作文擴展閱讀

馬克思軼事：

馬克思有一段時間吸煙很厲害，經常煙不離口，邊工作邊吸煙。由於經濟條件不寬裕，他總是挑比較便宜的雪茄來吸。他吸煙的時候還有個習慣，常將一半煙放在嘴裡咀嚼，說這樣可以提高煙的作用。

由於大量吸煙，他的身體也受到了極大的傷害。他身患多種疾病，醫生禁止他再吸煙。戒煙，對馬克思來說是一種莫大的犧牲，但是為了身體和工作，他還是毅然下決心戒煙。

在那一段時間里,他的確沒有吸過一次煙，連他自己似乎也不大相信，他如此嗜煙成癖，竟成功地戒掉了煙。

參考資料來源：網路-馬克思

❺ 求關於馬克思一生評述的小短文，要英文版的，200字左右

他作為科學家就是這樣。但是這在他身上遠不是主要的。在馬克思看來，科學是一種在歷史上起推動作用的、革命的力量。任何一門理論科學中的每一個新發現，即使它的實際應用也許還無法預見——都使馬克思感到衷心喜悅。但是當有了立即會對工業、對一般歷史發展產生革命影響的發現的時候，他的喜悅就完全不同了。例如，他曾經密切地注意電學方面各種發現的發展情況，不久以前，他還注意了馬賽爾·德普勒的發現。
因為馬克思首先是一個革命家。他畢生的真正使命,就是以這種或那種方式參加推翻資本主義社會及其所建立的國家設施的事業，參加現代無產階級的解放事業,正是他第一次使現代無產階級意識到自身的地位和需要,意識到自身解放的條件，---這實際上就是他畢生的使命。斗爭是他的生命要素。很少有人像他那樣滿腔熱情、堅韌不拔和卓有成效地進行斗爭。最早的《萊因報》（1842年），巴黎的《前進報》（1844年），《德意志－布魯塞爾報》（1847年），《新萊茵報》（1848－1849 年），《紐約每日論壇報》（1852－1861年），以及許多富有戰斗性的小冊子，在巴黎、布魯塞爾和倫敦各組織中的工作，最後，作為全部活動的頂峰，創立偉大的國際工人協會，－－老實說，協會的這位創始人即使別的什麼也沒有做，也可以為這一結果自豪。
正因為這樣，所以馬克思是當代最遭嫉恨和最受誣蔑的人。各國政府---無論專制或共和政府 ---都驅逐他；資產者--無論保守派或極端民主派---都競相誹謗他，詛咒他。他對這一切毫不在意，把它們當作蛛絲一樣輕輕抹去，只是在萬分必要時才給予答復。現在他逝世了，在整個歐洲和美洲，從西伯利亞礦井到加利福尼亞，千百萬革命戰友無不對他表示尊敬、愛戴和悼念。而我敢大膽地說:他可能有過許多敵人，但未必有一個私敵。

❻ 幫我翻譯下以下英文，關於馬克思的

The economic and philosophical manuscripts of 1844, is the young Marx, the most important of a manuscript. In this manuscript, Marx's first attempt on the capitalist economic system and bourgeois political economics critically review, and a new economics, philosophy and Communist ideology. This article manuscripts first notebook [alienation labor and private property] section in Marx's classic the private property of national economics of the premiss, clarify Marx's theory of alienation labor, and attempts to explore the roots of alienation labor proced.

❼ 英文概括馬克思和恩格斯的偉大友誼…… 五六十字就行了…… 我主要是詞彙方面比較欠缺。簡單點OK

Because their friendship is based on the mind of the mind, a common belief that each other to see the other than are important, Marx and Engels cooperation for forty years, established a great friendship and create the great marxism.
望採納

❽ 求馬克思致燕妮英文讀後感，400字左右

讀完《馬克思致燕妮的情書》，總是在想平淡的愛情中竟然有著這樣浪漫的節奏，我甚至於想愛情的底色究竟會是什麼，絢爛還是近於這樣的平淡，平淡中有美妙的聲音在喃喃細語。我想我是徹底被這種感覺打動了，誰也不會想到他們在艱苦的環境下曾隱藏過一次多麼讓人戀羨的雲淡風輕的表白。一生的路真的不算長，但我們希望著能走得幸福。
After reading the YanNi love letter to Marx ", always want to light of love in a romantic rhythm that actually, I even want to love the impression of what is what, gorgeous or close to such ll, insipid in with the wonderful voice in tells. I think I was completely this feeling is moved, who also won't think of them in hard under the environment of the hidden had once how make people love the envy of there is painful. The way of life is not really long, but we hope can go very happiness.

❾ 馬克思名言(英文)的！

1、No learning, no learning, no benefit to anybody at any time.——馬克思《資本論》

中文翻譯：不學無術，在任何時候，對任何人，都無所幫助，也不會帶來利益。

2、If a man works only for himself, he may become a famous scholar, a brilliant intellectual, but he can never be a real perfect man.——馬克思《德意志意識形態》

中文翻譯：如果人只是為了自己而勞動，他也許能成為有名的學者、絕頂的聰明人、出色的詩人，但他決不可能成為真正的完人和偉人。

3、Virtue, virtue peculiar to women, but harm themselves, their gentle and submissive asexual, actually make them of bondage and suffering.——馬克思《資本論》

中文翻譯：美德，女性特有的美德，反而害了她們自己，她們溫柔恭順的無性，竟成為使她們受奴役和苦難的手段。

4、Violence Is the Old Society's Mid-wife That Helps Conceive Every New Society.——馬克思《德意志意識形態》

中文翻譯：暴力是每一個孕育著新社會的舊社會的助產婆。

5、as soon as man learns to walk he also learns to fall, and only through falling does he learn to walk.——馬克思《資本論》

中文翻譯： 人要學會走路，也要學會摔跤。而且只有經過摔跤，才能學會走路。