『壹』 關於英語歷史發展的感慨的英語作文
The history of English can be traced back to around 500 BC. On the island of Great Britain (Great Britain) the earliest historical records of the language is around 500 BC, Celtic (Celtic). In 55 BC, the Romans invaded Britain, and has been occupied about 500 years, Latin into the region, and became the official language, the status of the Celtic. About A.D. 449, living in Denmark and northern Germany three Germanic tribes before the invasion of the fall of the Roman empire to the island of Great Britain. They are respectively anglos (Angles, into the central Jutland peninsula), Saxon people (Saxons, into the south Jutland peninsula) and Jutes (Jutes, invasion of northern Jutland peninsula). In language, they replaced the Celtic was use. The three Germanic tribes dialect with the social development, graally merged into a new language, namely a Anglo Saxon (Anglo - Saxon), which is then form the basis for English. To 700 AD, people on the island of Great Britain three tribe called Englisc hybrid form of language. By 1000, the country on the island called Englaland. These two words and then translated into English (English) and England or the UK (England) this is English and England history origin of the two words.
The late 8th century, Denmark's National People's Congress, invaded Britain in the North-East area, Denmark, which lasted nearly 300 years, was brought about by the Scandinavian language has a great influence on the development of English. In 1066 AD, the ke of shooting the Norman French, British, and crowned king of England, and established the Norman dynasty, until 1154. During the Norman's dynastic rule, the British, in fact, there are three kinds of language, French is the official language; Latin is religious language, used to read the bible, church, religious activities; English is the underclass in secular language workers. French special status in Britain until the 14th century, courts, schools, court in 1362, 1385, 1399 to stop the use of French. A bible written in English in 1382, ended the Latin religious language status. At this time English became Britain's national language. So English retains a lot of French words (such as age, air, brush, cry, bourgeoisie) and Latin vocabulary (angel, based, moke, Pope).
In \"the Renaissance\" period (in the 14th century - 16th century), because the people of ancient Greek and Roman culture showed a great interest in study, English and absorbed a large number of ancient society and the European continent culture essence, a huge increase in vocabulary. For example, from the Greek geometry, event, botany; French communists, alloy, surpass; Spanish banana, cocoa, mosquito; Italian violin, piazza.
Rise in the 18th century, Britain's instrial revolution, the colonial scramble to make English along with the development of the empire in the world. Therefore, in and around to absorb a large number of new words. Such as the African zebra, chim - pazee; Cashmere from India, shampoo; From the Chinese tea, litchi; The kangaroo from Australia, boomerang; From the west Indies cannibal, canoe. Due to the development of the British colony and to a large number of overseas immigrants, also from its native English spread to foreign countries (such as BBC English radio station).
Currently outside The UK, speak English as their first language (or mother tongue, Native language) with Ireland (Ireland), The United States (America), Australia (Australia), New Zealand (New Zealand), Guyana (Guyana), Bahamas (The last), Barbados (Barbados), Bermuda (Bermuda), Jamaica (Jamaica), Saint kitts and Nevis (Saint Christopher and Nevis), Trinidad and Tobago, Trinidad and Tobago), (Canada) most people speak English in Canada; Speak English as the official language of countries have Nigeria, Ghana, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe, South Africa, Singapore, India, the Philippines and other countries; As a second language with Denmark, Finland, Sweden, Norway, Iceland and other countries. English graally become a world language, has replaced the French diplomatic status, become today the world's political, economic, science and culture is the most important language. Although english-speaking countries have several listed above, but we still recommend to find a foreign teacher is given priority to with the United States, Canada, UK.
English is also there are regional differences. In Britain, because the original by the Jutland peninsula came to the island of Great Britain anglos Saxon people, jutes settled in different locations, which makes English appears regional differences in the initial period of development. Along with the development of the instry and the city, not only become one of the country's largest city of London, but also absorbed the domestic all area residents, various kinds of tongues mutual confluence, to Oxford and Cambridge as the center of the national culture in the London region becomes the standard variety of British, the language used by radio and television to spread across the country and abroad, the domestic and overseas English language graally unified.
2. The history of English: English spread and development
Outside the UK, through immigration and political role, such as widening the range of English. At the same time, because of the space distance with local and accept to the objective reasons of English foreign dialect, mainly has the American English, Australian English, South African and Indian English, etc. American English is English the most widely used outside the UK, which is the most important English dialect. In general speaking, American English is the most popular in China at present.
In the 17th century, the British immigrants began in North America colonial activities (now the east coast of the United States). Later, with the increased number of immigrants, in coastal has established the 13 colonies. After independence, the 13 colonies established the United States, and become the original 13 states. Them out of the subordinate relations with Britain, so the immigrants of English became the language of the United States.
Due to the United States and Britain have middle Atlantic apart, affected by the exchange of personnel on both sides, language communication, English graally proce differences between the two places. American English dialect main points of New England, the mid-atlantic and the south three. New England dialect area as the center of the northeast in Massachusetts. The residents there are the English immigrants, two-thirds of the puritans from amway east Asia, a few come from the north of England, is the pure English in England. The mid-atlantic dialect area centered on Pennsylvania, early on the migration from the north of England, then mostly immigrants from Ireland, Scotland, in addition to the settled in Pennsylvania, but New Jersey and Delaware. Then enter the immigration and Dutch, German, Swedish.
The south dialect area in Virginia for the earliest core area. Immigration from England, about half of them are from southwest England. Later, as the United States across the Appalachian mountains to the west development, advances three dialects areas vary. New England dialect in addition to the around the great lakes south bank, also appeared to Seattle, San Francisco and Salt Lake City as the center of the island in three languages. The mid-atlantic dialect into Ohio, west to the south, the north border, became the biggest dialect area.
『貳』 歷史 英文
回顧19世紀歷史學作為一門學科建立初始，就曾經出現對該學科定位上的論爭。一方主張仿照自然科學的範式來構建歷史學，他們宣稱：「歷史學，一門不折不扣的科學」；而另一方則主張按文學藝術等人文學科的範式來構建歷史學，他們聲稱：「克萊奧，一位繆斯」，意指歷史之神是藝術之神，同科學無緣。此後，就歷史學能否作為科學加以建構這個根本性問題，就一直縈繞在歷史學研究者的心中，不管是否明確地表達，每個歷史研究者都有對歷史學定位的認識，並按照這種認識來進行具體的歷史研究。歷史哲學研究者還專門就歷史學的科學性問題展開討論。最初的歷史哲學集中於對歷史發展過程本身、亦即歷史本體進行思考，力求揭示歷史的發展規律。這一派歷史哲學研究後來被稱為思辯的歷史哲學，黑格爾、施本格勒、湯因比等是其代表。但他們所說的歷史發展規律，不外乎歸因於上帝或絕對精神之類的超驗意志，或者類比生物或人體的生長、成熟、死亡的必然性，這種宿命式的規律觀，自然缺少可信性。於是歷史哲學研究轉向了歷史認識是如何可能的認識論問題上，即通過考察歷史研究者是如何研究歷史、歷史知識又是如何形成的來確定歷史學的性質，給歷史學以定位。這一派歷史哲學被稱為分析或批判的歷史哲學，克羅齊、柯林武德等是其代表。他們認為，歷史研究充滿了研究者的主體性干預，從課題的選擇到研究資料的取捨、再到歷史敘事的編排、歷史解釋的構建、直到歷史現象的價值評判，都脫離不開歷史研究者的主體性干預。在他們的認識里，研究者主體保持價值中立是不可能做到的。因此，歷史學的科學性受到更進一步的質疑。但是，一些致力於維護歷史學科學地位的學者也在做著不懈的努力。像二戰後以法國年鑒學派和美國新經濟史學派為代表的新史學就是在努力將歷史學作為科學來加以建構的。前者嘗試通過整合各門社會科學研究方法來建構「總體史」，以求揭示長時段的深層歷史結構，並依此而賦予歷史學的科學地位以合法性；後者則嘗試吸納經濟學的計量方法研究歷史上的一些可計量現象，並依據向社會科學中最具科學外觀的學科的看齊來賦予歷史學的科學地位以合法性。但由於年鑒學派在整合跨學科方法上的失敗而重新走向各學科方法的分立的「碎化」和新經濟史學派濫用數學計量工具，最終未能取得令人滿意的進展。這些在歷史學科學性問題上的反復爭論，反映出歷史學不同於其他社會科學的特殊性，其根本性的症結就在於歷史學研究對象的特殊性，它研究的是往昔舊事，既不能重現、又無法貼近觀察，更無法反復實驗與檢驗。這種研究對象的特殊性，顯然無法沿用自然科學流行的實證主義的評價標准來確認它的科學性。實證主義的科學評價標准就是通過反復證實來確認研究發現和解釋的科學真理性，在這一點上，以現實為研究對象的經濟學和社會學都相比歷史學有一定的優勢，它們也被稱為社會科學中最「硬」的、也就是最類似於自然科學的學科。
Recalling the 19th-century history as a discipline to establish the initial on the location of the discipline have appeared on the controversy. One party is modeled on the paradigm of natural sciences to build a history, they declared: "History, an out-of science"; while the other is expounded by the literature and the humanities and arts paradigm to build a history, they claim: "Clio, a Muse," meaning of history that God is the god of the arts, with science and missed. Since then, the history of science to be able to build this as a fundamental issue has been lingering in the minds of researchers of history, whether or not clearly expressed,
Every historical researcher has a right understanding of historical location and in accordance with this understanding to carry out a specific historical research. Philosophy of history researchers also specifically on the history of science issues to discuss. The initial philosophy of history concentrated on the historical development process itself, which is to reflect on the history ontology, and strive to reveal the laws of historical development. This school of historical studies in philosophy came to be known as the speculative philosophy of history, Hegel, Spengler, Toynbee and others are their representatives. But they say the laws of historical development, nothing more than e to the spirit of God, or the like is absolutely transcendent will, or the analogy of biological or human growth, into a
Cooked, the inevitability of death, this type of fatalistic view of the law, natural lack of credibility. Historical studies in philosophy then turned to the historical understanding of how the possible epistemological issue, that is by looking at historical researcher is how to study history, historical knowledge is formed to determine how the nature of history, giving history to locate. This school of philosophy of history is known as analysis or criticism of the history of philosophy, Croce, Collingwood and others are their representatives. In their view, full of historical research, the main intervention researchers, from the choice of topics to research information on trade-offs, to the historical narrative of the schele, the historical interpretation of the building, until the
Judge the value of historical phenomena, are inseparable from the history off the main researcher intervention. In their understanding, the researchers maintain the value of the main neutral is impossible. Therefore, the history of science being further questioned. However, some committed to maintaining the scientific status of history scholars are making unremitting efforts. Like the Second World War the French Annales School and the United States were represented by the new economic historians of the New History is history in the effort to be constructed as a science. The former try to pass the entire
All the various social science research methods to construct "general history" in order to reveal the long run, the deep historical structures, and so the history of science to give legitimacy to the status; the latter is trying to absorb the history of economics measurement method Some can be measured on the phenomenon and the social sciences based on the appearance of most scientific disciplinesLine to give historical legitimacy to the scientific status. However, as the Annales school on an interdisciplinary approach in the integration of the failure of re-separation of methods of various disciplines into a "fragmentation" and the new economic historians were abused mathematical measurement tools, ultimately failed to achieve satisfactory progress. These history repeatedly on the issue of scientific debate, reflecting the history is different from other social sciences are unique, its fundamental crux of the problem lies in the particularity of the object of historical studies, it is the study of old things past, we can not re - now, and could not close observation, let alone repeated experiments and tests. The particularity of this study,
Obviously can not follow the popular positivist natural science evaluation criteria to make sure it's scientific. Positivist scientific evaluation criterion is confirmed by repeated to confirm findings and interpretation of scientific truth, at this point, to be realistic for the study of economics and sociology are compared to the historical study has some advantages, they are also known as the social sciences, the most "hard", that is most similar to the natural science subjects.
『叄』 英語作文歷史課
I Like History Lesson
The lesson I like most is history, because the historical stories are interesting. When I was a little child, my grandparents often told me the great events
in history. In the middle school, we have history lesson. Some of my classmates think that history is uninteresting. And there are many things to remember,
which is hard for them. However, I have different opinions. If you are interested in it, you will find it would be much easier. I like the ancient history of
our country most. Our country has a long history, so there are many interesting stories. In addition, my history teacher is funny and knowledgeable. He
always makes the lesson vivid and interesting. I like his lesson very much.
『肆』 急求一片60到80字左右的關於歷史的英語作文
What are you doing tomorrow?Mybe someone will ask this question.When I was a little girl.I dreamed that I wanted to be a teacher.And I can used my knowledge to help my student learn what they want to know.But when I grew a little ,I change my dream.I dreamed that I wanted to be a guide,because I like travelling.I wanted to have a trip to walk all over the world~~~~```
『伍』 寫一篇關於介紹中國的英語作文(從歷史悠久、名勝古跡方面來寫)
Dear Henry,
Hi,I'm your best friend LiHua.I'm glad to hear you will come to China.About your question
I can answer for you.
China is a country with a long history .It has too much Places of historic interest.The Great wall is a famous site of historic interest. It was built in Qin dynasty.At the beginning it was used as a military defense. Now it has become the symbol of China. It attracts numerous tourists from China and abroad. There is an old Saying in China One who fails to reach the Great Wall is not a hero.
Not only that, China and the Forbidden City, the scenic spots and historical sites such as mount tai, I will tell you when you come.
I'm looking forward your coming!
Your's
LiHua
『陸』 英語作文:學習歷史是有用的
IT IS USEFUL TO LEARN ENGLISH
A large number of students hold a misunderstanding towards history study because they consider it as useless and boring. However, each subject has its own value, not excepting history.
很多學生對於學習歷史都有一定的誤解，因為他們覺得歷史既沒用也無聊。然而，每個學科都有自己的價值，歷史也不例外。
There are several points accounting for my view. In the first place, history is a part of culture, which is the spiritual backbone of a nation. Through learning history, we can appreciate the culture of a country, as well as the history of its development, so that we can understand our nation better. In the second place, history learning helps us to make correct decision. By review the history of our nation』s development, we are able to avoid some mistakes which we had made in the past and draw lessons from past experience, which is helpful for us to make correct decision. Last but not least, we can learn some new ways of thinking from learning history. By learning different ways to solve problems in history, we will be the people with a compressive mind.
有幾點理由可以支持我的觀點。首先，歷史是文化的一部分，是一個民族的精神支柱。通過學習歷史，我們可以看到一個國家的文化，以及它的發展史，這樣我們才可以更好地了解我們的國家。第二，學習歷史可以幫助我們做出正確的決定。通過回顧我國發展的歷史，我們可以避免一些過去曾經犯過的錯誤，並從過去的經驗中吸取教訓，這有助於我們做出正確的決定。最後但並非最不重要的是，從歷史的學習中我們可以學到一些新的思維方式。通過學習歷史上不同的解決問題方法，我們會成為一個想法多多的人。
In brief, learning history is necessary and important. Therefore, there is no the most useful course at all, and we should make effort to find out the value of each course.
總之，學習歷史是有必要和重要的。所以說沒有最有用的課程,我應該要找出每堂課的價值所在
『柒』 關於中國歷史的英文作文
Fascination , one of the cradles of human civilization, possesses so many treasures with Chinese characteristics that numerous foreign friends come to visit her. The first place to go to is, the Great Wall, which is the symbol of China and one of the seven wonders in the world. What's more, it is said to be the only construction that can be seen from the outer space. In the imperial periods, it was used in defense of the dynasties. Since liberation, it has become a place of interest. There is a famous saying: "He who does not reach the Great Wall isn't a true man." China is home to Panda, an animal with only two colors, white and black, but very cute. It's our national treasure, often functioning as a friendly diplomat. Terracotta-clay warriors unearthed in Xi'an, a famous ancient city-were sculptured in Qin Dynasty, the first dynasty of China. When former U.S. President Clinton came to China, he visited terracotta』s first. The above mentioned are just a wave of the sea. If you want to know more about this ancient nation, come and be our guest.
『捌』 英語的歷史 英文版
Old English, until 1066
Immigrants from Denmark and NW Germany arrived in Britain in the 5th and 6th Centuries A.D., speaking in related dialects belonging to the Germanic and Teutonic branches of the Indo-European language family. Today, English is most closely related to Flemish, Dutch, and German, and is somewhat related to Icelandic, Norwegian, Danish, and Swedish. Icelandic, unchanged for 1,000 years, is very close to Old English. Viking invasions, begun in the 8th Century, gave English a Norwegian and Danish influence which lasted until the Norman Conquest of 1066.
Old English Words
The Angles came from an angle-shaped land area in contemporary Germany. Their name "Angli" from the Latin and commonly-spoken, pre-5th Century German mutated into the Old English "Engle". Later, "Engle" changed to "Angel-cyn" meaning "Angle-race" by A.D. 1000, changing to "Engla-land". Some Old English words which have survived intact include: feet, geese, teeth, men, women, lice, and mice. The modern word "like" can be a noun, adjective, verb, and preposition. In Old English, though, the word was different for each type: gelica as a noun, geic as an adjective, lician as a verb, and gelice as a preposition.
Middle English, from 1066 until the 15th Century
The Norman Invasion and Conquest of Britain in 1066 and the resulting French Court of William the Conqueror gave the Norwegian-Dutch influenced English a Norman-Parisian-French effect. From 1066 until about 1400, Latin, French, and English were spoken. English almost disappeared entirely into obscurity ring this period by the French and Latin dominated court and government. However, in 1362, the Parliament opened with English as the language of choice, and the language was saved from extinction. Present-day English is approximately 50% Germanic (English and Scandinavian) and 50% Romance (French and Latin).
Middle English Words
Many new words added to Middle English ring this period came from Norman French, Parisian French, and Scandinavian. Norman French words imported into Middle English include: catch, wage, warden, reward, and warrant. Parisian French gave Middle English: chase, guarantee, regard, guardian, and gage. Scandinavian gave to Middle English the important word of law. English nobility had titles which were derived from both Middle English and French. French provided: prince, ke, peer, marquis, viscount, and baron. Middle English independently developed king, queen, lord, lady, and earl. Governmental administrative divisions from French include county, city, village, justice, palace, mansion, and residence. Middle English words include town, home, house, and hall.
Early Modern English, from the 15th Century to the 17th Century
During this period, English became more organized and began to resemble the modern version of English. Although the word order and sentence construction was still slightly different, Early Modern English was at least recognizable to the Early Modern English speaker. For example, the Old English "To us pleases sailing" became "We like sailing." Classical elements, from Greek and Latin, profoundly influenced work creation and origin. From Greek, Early Modern English received grammar, logic, arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, and music. Also, the "tele-" prefix meaning "far" later used to develop telephone and television was taken.
Modern English, from the 17th Century to Modern Times
Modern English developed through the efforts of literary and political writings, where literacy was uniformly found. Modern English was heavily influenced by classical usage, the emergence of the university-ecated class, Shakespeare, the common language found in the East Midlands.
『玖』 關於中國歷史故事的英語作文
二十四孝＿忠孝雙全
明朝湖南道川守將沉至緒，有一個獨生女兒，名叫沈雲英。自小聰明好學，跟父親學得一身好武藝。因其父率兵迎異軍死在戰場上，當時沈雲英才十七歲，她登上高處大聲呼曰：「我雖然是一個小女子，為完成父親守城的遺志，我要決一死戰。希望全體軍民保衛家鄉。」大家深受感動，發誓要奪回失地。很快解除了包圍，取得了勝利。沈雲英找到父親的屍體，大聲痛哭，全體軍民都穿上孝服，參加了葬禮。朝廷下令追封沉至緒為副總兵，並任命沈雲英為游擊將軍，繼續守衛道州府。後來人們為她建了一座忠孝雙全的紀念祠。有詩頌曰：
異軍攻城圍義兵，娥眉汗馬解圍城；父仇圍難兩湔雪，千古流芳忠孝名。
Man pages _ Zhongxiao queen
Ming-Chuan Wu Jiang, Hunan Road to Xu Shen, a daughter, named Shen Yun-ying. Smart studious young age, my father learned a swordsman. Shuaibing Ying horizon e to his father died on the battlefield, when Shen Yun excellence 17 years old, she boarded the height loud call, saying: "Although I was a small woman, for the completion of his father Shoucheng's behest, I would like to become accustomed. hope that the whole army to defend the homeland. "everyone was deeply moved and vowed to regain lost ground. Quickly lifted the siege, to victory. Shen Yun-ying to find his father's body, crying loudly, all the soldiers wore mourning to attend the funeral. Bestowed on the court order to thread the Fuzong Bing Shen, and named Shen Yun-ying for the guerrilla general, continue to guard the Road state capital. It was built for her a temple to commemorate the Chunghsiao queen. Song A poem reads:
Different military siege Wai-yi soldiers, crescent siege city of Khan MA; Fu Chou Wai difficult 2 Jian Xue, Liu-Fang Chung Hsiao name through the ages.
二十四孝＿上書救父
漢文帝時，有一位叫淳於意的人，拜齊國著名醫師楊慶為師，學得一手高超的醫術，曾經做過齊國的倉令。他的老師去世以後，棄官行醫。因為個性剛直，行醫的時候，得罪了一位有權勢的人，導致後來自己遭陷害，被押往京城治罪。他的女兒名叫緹縈，雖然是一位弱小女子，然而不辭勞苦，長途跋涉一同前往長安向皇帝訴冤。她陳述了肉刑的害處，並說明了父親做官時清廉愛民，行醫時施仁濟世，現在確實是遭人誣害。願意替父受刑。漢文帝被緹縈的孝心深深感動，赦免了她的父親，並且下詔書廢除了肉刑。有詩頌曰：
隨父赴京歷苦辛，上書意切動機定； 詔書特赦成其孝，又廢肉刑惠後人。
Man pages _ petitioned Jiufu
Emperor Wen of Han, there are a named Chunyu Italian people, thanks to well-known physician Qi Yang as a teacher, learned first-hand the superb art of healing, Qi positions have done so. After the death of his teacher, Qi Guan practice. Because upright and outspoken personality, practice time, offended a powerful person, which later led to his being framed and was then transferred to capital punishment. His daughter called Ti-ying, though a small woman, but the painstaking work, and travel long distances to travel together to the Emperor Chang-Su Yuan. She stated the harmful effects of corporal punishment, and describes his father as an official when the clean and loving, practicing medicine Ren Shi save the world, and now is really being Wuhai. For the parent is willing to torture. Han Emperor Wen Ti-ying of filial piety have been deeply moved, pardoned her father, and the abolition of corporal punishment under the imperial edict. Song A poem reads:
Calendar Kuxin father to Beijing, a petition intended to cut motive determined; edict into its filial amnesty, abolition of corporal punishment also benefit future generations.