網路輿論的英語作文

『壹』 「並對如何正確引導網路輿論做了探討」的英文翻譯

"And how to correctly guide public opinion in the network are discussed"

『貳』 網路輿論監督的英文文獻最好翻譯過的

外文文來獻有，翻譯沒有，翻譯得自靠你自己了，希望能滿足你的需要，能幫到你，如果需要直接網路Hi中留言同時貼出問題的鏈接地址和郵箱地址即可，或者告知其他安全可靠方式提供，多多給點懸賞分吧，急用的話請多選賞點分吧，這樣更多的知友才會及時幫到你，我找到也是很花時間的
如果需要直接網路Hi中添加我好友，留言同時貼出問題的鏈接地址和郵箱地址即可，或者告知其他安全可靠方式提供

近期好像網路Hi無提示信息
留下郵箱地址如dgfgafd的126q郵箱
一六*零****八二*二QQ郵箱

『叄』 網路輿論暴力相關的英文文獻

自己看吧 懶得發郵件

時代周刊文章： Human flesh search engines: Chinese vigilantes that hunt victims on the web

參閱地址：http://technology.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/tech_and_web/article4213681.ece

forbes社論：The Human Flesh Search Engine

參閱地址：http://www.forbes.com/2008/11/21/human-flesh-search-tech-identity08-cx_cb_1121obrien.html

『肆』 求一篇關於網路輿論監督的外文文獻，最好有英文翻譯，

外文文獻有，翻譯沒有，翻譯得靠你自己了，如果需要回復郵箱地址即內可，希望能滿容足你的需要，能幫到你，多多給點懸賞分吧，急用的話請多選賞點分吧，這樣更多的知友才會及時幫到你，我找到也是很花時間的追問，直接網路Hi中留言貼出你需要的問題的鏈接地址及郵箱地址

外文文獻已發送[email protected]郵箱，翻譯沒有，翻譯得靠你自己了，希望能滿足你的需要，能幫到你，多多給點懸賞分吧，急用的話請多選賞點分吧，這樣更多的知友才會及時幫到你，我找到也是很花時間的追問

『伍』 關於網路廣告的英文文獻

Online advertising

Online advertising is a form of promotion that uses the Internet and World Wide Web for the expressed purpose of delivering marketing messages to attract customers. Examples of online advertising include contextual ads on search engine results pages, banner ads, Rich Media Ads, Social network advertising, online classified advertising, advertising networks and e-mail marketing, including e-mail spam.

Competitive advantage over traditional advertising
One major benefit of online advertising is the immediate publishing of information and content that is not limited by geography or time. To that end, the emerging area of interactive advertising presents fresh challenges for advertisers who have hitherto adopted an interruptive strategy.

Another benefit is the efficiency of advertiser's investment. Online advertising allows for the customization of advertisements, including content and posted websites. For example, AdWords and AdSense enable ads shown on relevant webpages or aside of search results of pre-chosen keywords. Another is the payment method. Whatever purchasing variation is selected, the payment is usually relative with audiences' response.

Purchasing variations
The three most common ways in which online advertising is purchased are CPM, CPC, and CPA.

CPM (Cost Per Impression) is where advertisers pay for exposure of their message to a specific audience. CPM costs are priced per thousand impressions, or loads of an advertisement. However, some impressions may not be counted, such as a reload or internal user action. The M in the acronym is the Roman numeral for one thousand.
CPV (Cost Per Visitor) or (Cost per View in the case of Pop Ups and Unders) is where advertisers pay for the delivery of a Targeted Visitor to the advertisers website.
CPC (Cost Per Click) is also known as Pay per click (PPC). Advertisers pay each time a user clicks on their listing and is redirected to their website. They do not actually pay for the listing, but only when the listing is clicked on. This system allows advertising specialists to refine searches and gain information about their market. Under the Pay per click pricing system, advertisers pay for the right to be listed under a series of target rich words that direct relevant traffic to their website, and pay only when someone clicks on their listing which links directly to their website. CPC differs from CPV in that each click is paid for regardless of whether the user makes it to the target site.
CPA (Cost Per Action) or (Cost Per Acquisition) advertising is performance based and is common in the affiliate marketing sector of the business. In this payment scheme, the publisher takes all the risk of running the ad, and the advertiser pays only for the amount of users who complete a transaction, such as a purchase or sign-up. This is the best type of rate to pay for banner advertisements and the worst type of rate to charge. Similarly, CPL (Cost Per Lead) advertising is identical to CPA advertising and is based on the user completing a form, registering for a newsletter or some other action that the merchant feels will lead to a sale. Also common, CPO (Cost Per Order) advertising is based on each time an order is transacted.
Cost per conversion Describes the cost of acquiring a customer, typically calculated by dividing the total cost of an ad campaign by the number of conversions. The definition of "Conversion" varies depending on the situation: it is sometimes considered to be a lead, a sale, or a purchase.
CPE (Cost Per Engagement) is a form of Cost Per Action pricing first introced in March 2008. Differing from cost-per-impression or cost-per-click models, a CPE model means advertising impressions are free and advertisers pay only when a user engages with their specific ad unit. Engagement is defined as a user interacting with an ad in any number of ways.[1]
Though, as seen above, the large majority of online advertising has a cost that is brought about by usage or interaction of an ad, there are a few other methods of advertising online that only require a one time payment. The Million Dollar Homepage is a very successful example of this. Visitors were able to pay $1 per pixel of advertising space and their advert would remain on the homepage for as long as the website exists with no extra costs.

Floating ad: An ad which moves across the user's screen or floats above the content.
Expanding ad: An ad which changes size and which may alter the contents of the webpage.
Polite ad: A method by which a large ad will be downloaded in smaller pieces to minimize the disruption of the content being viewed
Wallpaper ad: An ad which changes the background of the page being viewed.
Trick banner: A banner ad that looks like a dialog box with buttons. It simulates an error message or an alert.
Pop-up: A new window which opens in front of the current one, displaying an advertisement, or entire webpage.
Pop-under: Similar to a Pop-Up except that the window is loaded or sent behind the current window so that the user does not see it until they close one or more active windows.
Video ad: similar to a banner ad, except that instead of a static or animated image, actual moving video clips are displayed.
Map ad: text or graphics linked from, and appearing in or over, a location on an electronic map such as on Google Maps.
Mobile ad: an SMS text or multi-media message sent to a cell phone.
In addition, ads containing streaming video or streaming audio are becoming very popular with advertisers.

E-mail advertising
Legitimate Email advertising or E-mail marketing is often known as "opt-in e-mail advertising" to distinguish it from spam.

Affiliate marketing
Main article: Affiliate marketing
Affiliate marketing is a form of online advertising where advertisers place campaigns with a potentially large number of small (and large) publishers, whom are only paid media fees when traffic to the advertiser is garnered, and usually upon a specific measurable campaign result (a form, a sale, a sign-up, etc). Today, this is usually accomplished through contracting with an affiliate network.

Affiliate marketing was an invention by CDNow.com in 1994 and was excelled by Amazon.com when it launched its Affiliate Program, called Associate Program in 1996. The online retailer used its program to generate low cost brand exposure and provided at the same time small websites a way to earn some supplemental income.

Contextual advertising
Many advertising networks display graphical or text-only ads that correspond to the keywords of an Internet search or to the content of the page on which the ad is shown. These ads are believed to have a greater chance of attracting a user, because they tend to share a similar context as the user's search query. For example, a search query for "flowers" might return an advertisement for a florist's website.

Another newer technique is embedding keyword hyperlinks in an article which are sponsored by an advertiser. When a user follows the link, they are sent to a sponsor's website.

Behavioral targeting
In addition to contextual targeting, online advertising can be targeted based on a user's past clickstream. For example, if a user is known to have recently visited a number of automotive shopping / comparison sites based on clickstream analysis enabled by cookies stored on the user's computer, that user can then be served auto-related ads when they visit other, non-automotive sites.
Ads and malware
There is also class of advertising methods which may be considered unethical and perhaps even illegal. These include external applications which alter system settings (such as a browser's home page), spawn pop-ups, and insert advertisements into non-affiliated webpages. Such applications are usually labeled as spyware or adware. They may mask their questionable activities by performing a simple service, such as displaying the weather or providing a search bar. Some programs are effectively trojans. These applications are commonly designed so as to be difficult to remove or uninstall. The ever-increasing audience of online users, many of whom are not computer-savvy, frequently lack the knowledge and technical ability to protect themselves from these programs.

Ad server market structure
Given below is a list of top ad server vendors in 2008 with figures in millions of viewers published in a Attributor survey.

Vendor Ad viewers
Google 1,118
DoubleClick 1,079
Yahoo 362
MSN 309
AOL 156
Adbrite 73
Total 3,087

It should be noted that Google acquired DoubleClick in 2007 for a consideration of $3,100 million. The above survey was based on a sample of 68 million domains.

網路廣告
維基網路，自由的網路全書
跳轉到: 導航, 搜索
狹義的網路廣告又被稱為在線廣告或者互聯網廣告；而廣義的網路廣告除了包括以計算機為核心組成的計算機網路為媒介的廣告行為外，還包括其他所有以電子設備相互連接而組成的網路為媒介的廣告行為，例如以無線電話網路，電子信息亭網路為載體的廣告行為。在一般未做特殊說明的情況下，現在各資料所談論的網路廣告全指狹義網路廣告。

狹義網路廣告與傳統廣告有很多類似的地方，也分為很多不同廣告形式，擁有多種計費方式。

常見的廣告形式包括：

橫幅式廣告（banner）
通欄式廣告
彈出式廣告（pop-up ads）
按鈕式廣告（button）
插播式廣告（interstitial ads）
電子郵件廣告（E-DirectMarketing,EDM）
贊助式廣告（sponsorship）
分類廣告（classified ads）
互動游戲式廣告（interactive game）
軟體端廣告
文字鏈接廣告（text ads）
浮動形廣告（floting ads）
聯播網廣告
關鍵字廣告
比對內容廣告
常見的記費方式包括：

按照千人印象成本（CPM）收費。
按照每點擊成本（CPC）收費。
按照每行動成本（CPA）收費。
按照每回應成本（CPR）收費。
按照每購買成本（CPP）收費。
這些都是國際流行的收費模式。在中國和一些網路廣告的發展中國家，則時常會採用以時間來購買的模式，如按每日投放成本收費，按每周投放成本收費等。

對網路廣告的研究顯示，50%的網路廣告點擊是由6%的用戶產生的。而且這個點擊群體是一個缺乏購買力的群體，也很少進行網路購物[1]。

『陸』 關於對網紅的看法的英語作文，300-800詞，要自己寫的

寫作思路：下面文章主要從網紅的優點和缺點方面進行闡述。

Some people say that this is an era when everything is red. With the development of the internet, internet celebrities were born, the internet celebrity instry appeared, and the internet celebrity economy emerged. Many young people even position Internet celebrities as their most anticipated career in the future.

對照譯文：有人說，這是一個紅生萬物的時代。隨著網路的發展，催生了網路紅人，出現網紅產業，興起網紅經濟。很多青少年，甚至竟將網紅定位為將來最期望的職業。

Objectively speaking, Internet celebrities are not scourges either. In this era, when standing on the vent of the Internet, pigs can fly, let alone the Internet celebrities who have something to watch and speculate? The atomization of society, the madness of entertainment, the diversification of values, and the division of public opinion give Internet celebrities the best soil for their prosperity and popularity.

Three views are righteous and disciplined, and Internet celebrities can also be the most beautiful. Once they fall into the vanity fair of the eyeball economy, at this time, as long as the capital casts a little wink, the Internet celebrity economy is easy to get into trouble.

對照譯文：客觀地說，網紅也不是洪水猛獸。這個時代，站在互聯網風口，豬都能飛起來，何況是有看點、有炒點的網紅呢？社會原子化、娛樂瘋魔化，價值的多元、輿論的分野給了網紅勃興與風靡的最佳土壤。三觀正、有節操，網紅也可以最美可一旦陷入眼球經濟的名利場，這個時候，資本只要稍稍拋個媚眼，網紅經濟就容易走火入魔。

The current Internet celebrities are full of chaos, drugs, violence, vulgarity, scams, rumors, it is hard to describe, especially live webcast. In 2016, China's webcasting developed rapidly. There are more than 400 domestic webcasting platforms. Some large-scale webcasting platforms have more than 100 million registered users and over 10 million monthly active users. However, vulgar and other content are repeatedly banned.

對照譯文：當下網紅亂象叢生，涉毒、涉暴、低俗、、騙局、謠言，難以言盡，尤以網路直播為甚。2016年，中國的網路直播迅猛發展，境內各類網路直播平台已達400餘家，一些大型網路直播平台注冊用戶過億，月活躍用戶超千萬。然而，低俗、等內容屢禁不止。

When shame becomes a vulgar laugh, it is not just the professional ambitions of children that bring bad influence to Internet celebrities. If everything is deconstructed by the Internet celebrity culture, the boundaries of right and wrong are ambiguous, the beauty and ugliness are unclear, how to be happy and how to play, how to be prominent and how to blog, then online carnival will become another kind of spiritual golden fan.

對照譯文：當恥感成為流俗的笑點，網紅帶壞的，就不只是小孩子的職業志向。如果一切都被網紅文化解構，是非界限含混、美醜面目不清，怎麼開心怎麼玩，怎麼出位怎麼博，那網路狂歡就成了另一種精神層面的金迷紙醉。

『柒』 英語作文 近年出現網路明星的原因

作為一類熱點話題，明星輿情話題的發酵符合熱點話題發酵規律；由於明星的特殊性，網上明星輿情話題的發酵又有著自身的特點。

As a kind of hot topic, the fermentation of Star public opinion topic conforms to the law of hot topic fermentation; because of the particularity of stars, the fermentation of online Star public opinion topic has its own characteristics.

娛樂圈話題大眾生活化。明星輿情話題與娛樂圈有著天然的聯系，娛樂圈的吸睛效應也是明星輿情事件發酵的基礎。明星輿情話題超出「八卦」，而是更具「輿情」特徵，一個重要原因就是娛樂圈與大眾生活圈界限的模糊以及兩者之間更為深入的互動。

The topic of entertainment is popular. There is a natural connection between the topic of public opinion of stars and the entertainment circle.

The eye-catching effect of the entertainment circle is also the basis of the fermentation of public opinion events of stars.

The topic of public opinion of stars is more "public opinion" than "gossip".

One important reason is the blurring of the boundary between entertainment circle and public life circle and the deeper interaction between them.

在網路造星盛行的當下，明星生活的去魅以及人人皆有可能出名的各種選秀場，也拉近了明星與大眾的距離，明星的相關話題也就更接地氣，更具生活氣息。而更接地氣的特點無疑又構成了明星輿情話題的群眾基礎，推動該話題深入發酵。

In the current era of Internet star making, the disenchantment of star life and all kinds of talent shows that everyone is likely to be famous also shorten the distance between stars and the public.

The related topics of stars are more grounded and have more life atmosphere.

The more grounded features undoubtedly form the mass basis of the topic of public opinion of stars, which promotes the topic to be deeply

(7)網路輿論的英語作文擴展閱讀

明星的關注度是推動輿情發酵的重要因素之一。一起輿情事件的走熱，與網民的關注度密切相關，這是明星輿情話題的天然優勢。王寶強離婚能形成輿論「風波」，關鍵顯然不在「離婚」（雖然這才是網民關注所在），而在「王寶強」。

正是「王寶強」的明星效應，使其「離婚」才具有了不同於普通網民離婚的標桿意義，與此圍繞「離婚」的相關討論才具有更多的公共意義。此外，袁立公益宣傳、黃海波嫖娼事件等引發輿論關注，顯然也和袁立、黃海波等明星身份有關。

『捌』 關於網路輿論事件的英文名言

真理雖然好，但不是在任何時候任何地方聽上去都順耳的。有人迷戀它，但也有人覺得它刺耳。 —— 謝德林

『玖』 求翻譯成英文...

In recent years, with the continuous development of Internet technology, the surge in the number of Internet users, the network has become a new media, it will not only change our mode of transmission, but also affect our opinion shape. He made the democratic expression more active, but also makes the spread of rumors intensified the problem. This paper first explains the basic concepts of unexpected events, network public opinion, and discussed the feature analysis of unexpected events and network communication in China; and then in 2013 the outbreak of H7N9 bird flu cases, combined with the public opinion development period of the outbreak, climax period, regression of different period three period on the concrete analysis of emergent events the network public opinion; finally, the negative effect of network opinion in emergencies, some feasible suggestions. This paper argues that the government and strengthen network supervision, perfect the corresponding legal mechanism, at the same time, Internet users to improve their own quality, responsible will speak to the network environment more harmonious. Favorable to build a harmonious, stable network environment. Keywords emergency network of public opinion to H7N9 avian influenza