㈠ 初中英語作文格式及範文
一、書信格式
1 .信頭。指發信人的地址和日期。從信紙的上端中央往右寫。第一行寫單位名稱,第二行寫門牌號和路名,第三行寫市名、省名、國名,第四行寫發信日期。學生寫信時第一行寫班級名稱,第二行寫系科名稱,第三行寫學校名稱,第四行寫市、省名稱,第五行寫國家名稱,第六行寫發信日期。如果是國內信件,國名可以不寫。要特別注意英文地址寫法順序是從小單位到大單位。日期的寫法有美英之分。英國的寫法是:日,月,年,如 10th of October , 2002 .美國的寫法是:月,日,年,如 October 10 , 2002 .例如:
Xiangyang Middle School (向陽中學)
No . 120 , Xinhua Road (新華路 120 號)
Cangzhou , Hebei Province 061001 (滄州市河北省 061001 )
P . R . of China (中華人民共和國)
October 20 , 2002 ( 2002 年 10 月 20 日)
2 .信內地址。指收信人的姓名和地址。低於信頭 1 — 2 行,從左邊開始寫。第一行寫姓名、頭銜,第二行寫單位名稱,第三行寫門牌號及路名,第四行寫市、省名稱,第五行寫國名。寫往學校的信,第一行寫姓名、頭銜,第二行寫系科名稱,第三行寫學校名稱,第四行寫市名、省名及郵政編碼,第五行寫國名。商業往來信件及公函必須寫信頭和信內地址。親友、熟人之間的信可以不寫信內地址,信頭處寫發信日期就行了。它與信封上收信人姓名、地址完全一樣。
3 .稱呼。就是對收信人的稱呼。信內地址下隔一、二行寫稱呼,其左側與信內地址第一行對齊,稱呼後面一般用逗號,但正式函件稱呼後多用冒號。對不相識的男子,單數常用 Sir , Dear Sir ,或 My Dear Sir ;復數常用 Dear Sirs 或 Gentlemen .對不相識的女子,單數常用 Madam , Dear Madam ,或 My Dear Madam ;復數常用 Madams 或 My Dear Madams .對比較熟識的男子,普通稱 Dear Mr .。。即可。對比較熟識的女性,普通稱 Dear Mrs (或 Miss )。。。即可。
4 .正文。是書信的主要部分,一般從稱呼下方隔一至兩行處開始寫正文。每段的第一個字母一般要縮進 3 — 5 個字母的空格。正文的內容要表達清楚,語言要簡單明了,態度要誠懇禮貌。如果信中涉及的事情不多,可以一段到底,如果要講的事情多,則可以分成幾段,段與段之間常隔 1 — 2 行。
5 .結束語。是寫信人對收信人的謙稱,寫在正文的下面 2 — 3 行處,從信紙中央偏右的地方寫起,一般用 Yours (第一個字母大寫)。若是親戚(包括家人),可以寫 Your loving son / sister / brother / daughter 等之類的表達法,若是對朋友,可以寫 Your friend ;若是對老師,可以寫 Your student .
6 .簽名。一般寫在結束語之下。
二、信封
英文信封的寫法與漢語不同。收信人的姓名及地址應寫在信封中下部,且先寫姓名後寫地址。寄信人的姓名及地址應寫在信封的左上角,若是普通書信,也可寫在信封背面。郵票貼在信封的右上角。在信封上常見的附加說明有「 Urgent (急件), Express (快件), Registered ( Regd )(掛號信), Airm ail (航空信)等」,要根據實際情況選用。下面是信封的格式:
怎麼樣,同學們?會用英語寫信了嗎?做一道中考題練練吧。
( 2002 河北省)根據提示和要求完成下面短文。
假如你( Li Lei )在去年夏令營認識的一個朋友 Jim 從英國給你寄來一件禮物—一件紅色的襯衫,並附有一封信。在信中他向你問好,他想知道你近來在忙些什麼。請你給他寫一封回信( 100 個詞左右)表示感謝。回信要包括以下內容:
①向 Jim 問好並對他表示感謝。
②禮物是你最喜歡的顏色,尺寸很合適,你非常喜歡。
③告訴 Jim 你近來很好,上周剛過完生日,生日聚會很熱鬧。詢問 Jim 的近況,並表示希望他能來中國。
注意:①信的格式已經給出。②信中不得使用真實的人名、地名。
65Zhonghua Street
Shijiazhuang 050000
Hebei , China
June 21st , 2002
Dear Jim ,
How are you ? ____________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
範文..
Your friend ,
Li LeiMy dearest Mother,
The mother『s day is coming and I would like to say "Happy mother『s day" in this letter. I love you and thank you so much for everything you did for me. This day, I will stay away and can『t give you my appreciation at home. I know I will watch myself, so don『t worry about me. I am doing very well on my study. My schoolmates and teachers are all very nice. Though I can『t be at home, I hope you have a wonderful mother『s day.
Love,
Your so寫作知識輔導——記敘文
Hi , dear friends .前幾次講的內容你們掌握了嗎?這次我要給大家說說初中階段常見的幾種文體——記敘文、描寫文、說明文的寫法。咱們先說說記敘文吧。
記敘文是以寫人、敘事為主要內容的一種文體,也是英語作文中最普遍、最基本的文體。它一般包括兩種:事實記敘文和想像記敘文。事實記敘文是寫真實事情,常用一般過去時;想像記敘文是寫虛擬的故事,常用一般現在時。它們的特點都是通過對人物、事件和景物的描寫,表現文章的主題和作者的思想感情。
記敘文寫作的基本要求是什麼呢?
①要有明確的中心思想。②記敘要清楚明白。③線索要清晰。④要有恰當的敘事角度。⑤選材要詳略得當。
具體地說,記敘文寫作要把握以下幾點:
1 .記敘文所記敘的事件必須相關連。要有開頭( beginning )、中間( middle )和結尾( end )。在必要時加入沖突( conflict ),以使情節曲折,跌宕起伏。一般說來,寫記敘文應把握好六個要素: who (何人)、 what (何事)、 when (何時)、 where (何地)、 why (何因)、 how (怎麼)。初中階段多為敘事短文,一般應包括 where , who , what 這三個最基本的東西。
2 .寫作時觀點的掌握非常重要。記敘文常用第一人稱或第三人稱兩種人稱記述。用第一人稱的角度記敘,使人感到親切,讀者很容易產生身臨其境之感,相信真有其事。這種形式常用在寫自傳、本人的經歷或記敘耳聞目睹的事件;用第三人稱的角度記敘,使人感到客觀。這種形式常用在對重大事件的客觀報導,以及記敘他人的經歷或事跡。
3 .常見的敘述方式有:①順敘。按事情發展的順序或時間順序進行敘述。②倒敘。把事情的結局或某個突出的片段提到前面敘述,然後再按照事情的順序敘述下去。③插敘。在敘述過程中,由於某種需要,暫時把敘述的線索中斷一下,插入有關的另一敘述。④夾敘夾議。一方面敘述事情,一方面對這件事情加以分析或評論。
請看下面的例文。要求:寫一篇題為 Planting Trees 的文章。
Planting Trees
It was fine on March 12 , 2001 . I got up early that day . All the students in our school went to the hill to plant trees .
We arrived at the hill at eight o'clock . The teacher asked each of us to plant at least six trees . Then we started digging , planting and watering . We all worked so hard that we could finish our tasks ahead of tim e . Among us , Wang Lin , our monitor set a good example for us . Though he was ill , he worked harder . When he finished his task , he went on to help others without even a little rest . He was wet all over after work .「 I must learn from him ,」 I said to myself . Looking at the lines of the young trees , we smiled happily , forgetting our tiredness .
這是一篇記敘文,記敘了 2001 年 3 月 12 日上山植樹的情況。文章主題鮮明,有條有理。 when (何時)、 where (何地)、 who (何人)、 what (何事)等交待的清清楚楚。
描寫文是以描寫為主要表達方式的文體,所謂描寫就是作者用生動、形象的語言對
人物、事物和環境作具體形象的描繪和刻畫,描寫的主要作用是:①展現美麗的自然景色;②描寫人物的外貌和內心世界;③交待人物活動的自然環境和社會環境。 在寫作過程中,作者可以按空間位置順序,由遠及近,由上及下,由外到內,由前到後組織材料,也可以按作者視線轉移的順序組織材料,先看到的先寫,後看到的後寫。描寫的基本方法按性質可分為主觀描寫和客觀描寫兩種。所謂主觀描寫就是在描寫過程中摻入作者自己的感受,寄託自己的主觀感情,塑造自己的理想的形象;客觀描寫就是在描寫過程中,作者不帶或很少帶主觀的感情色彩,而只對人物或某物的特徵客觀地、就事論事進行描寫。
請看下面的描述文:
Sunset
In order to see the sunset , I got everything ready before 5in the afternoon . Then I went to the East Hill .
At that time , the sun was already in the west but it was still shining . Its light was so bright that I couldn't even open my eyes . When I arrived at the East Hill , the light became a bit yellow . After a short while , it was completely golden , then red . The sun nearly set . It was like a big red ball . The cloud around it was also painted red . Little by little the cloud covered more and more of the sun . At last it disappeared behind the cloud . It was dark and I hurried back .
本文交待了看日落的時間、地點,詳細地描寫了日落的全過程。文章主要採用了客觀描寫方法,語言簡潔,描寫具體、生動。
下面該談談說明文了。
說明文是以說明為主要表達方式的文體。它主要用來說明事物的特點、發展變化規律、分析前因後果,目的在於使讀者獲得必要的信息,使人們對事物有個清晰、完整的了解和認識。說明文分為三種類型:實體事物說明文,包括說明書、廣告、解說詞等;事理說明文,包括理論性概念解釋、書文簡介、教材等;文藝性說明文,即要把說明的對象擬人化,進而編成一個故事介紹給讀者。
寫說明文要注意以下幾點:
1 .要抓准特徵。對某一事物予以說明,首先要弄清從哪些方面加以說明才能准確地反映被說明的事物。一般說來,說明事物可以從被說明事物的顏色、形狀、形態;性質、性能、習性;原因、原理;作用、用途、功能;危害、影響;結構;操作過程;發生、發展的規律等方面著手。但是,每一事物都有它自己的特徵,因而顯示出了這一事物與其他一事物的根本區別,因此,在說明事物時,不要面面俱到,要抓住事物的特徵,這樣才能使讀者得到具體而深刻的印象。
2 .層次要分明。說明事物要注意條理,否則就不可能說清復雜的事物。例如說明事物的結構,就要按照構造的順序來說明,或從上到下,或從前到後,或由外到里,或由主到次。又如說明四季的變化,就要按照時間的順序( spring , summer , autumn , winter )來寫。
3 .解析要清楚。對各種知識所作的解釋,對某種事物所作的說明,都要清楚明白。
4 .表現手法要多樣。常見的說明文方法有:①下定義。②舉例子。③運用比喻、比擬的方法。④做比較。⑤引用數字。⑥分類別。⑦列圖表。
5 .用詞要力求准確。引用的數據要絕對可靠,文字要簡明扼要,一目瞭然。這是寫說明文在語言文字上的要求:
請看下面的例文:
Hello , friends ,
You are warmly welcomed to our school . I'm Wu Dong . I'm very glad to be your guide . First , I'd like to tell you something about our school . It was set up in 1957 . The number of students is over 1200 , and the teachers about 100 . There are altogether 20classes . Besides the teaching buildings , we have a library for different kinds of subjects , and a school-run workshop .
We have four classes in the morning and two in the afternoon . After classes , we join in various activities , such as ball games , painting , singing and dancing .
Now let me show you around our school . This way , please .
本文是一篇說明文,是由學生接待來訪的朋友,向人們介紹本校的情況。本文目的明確,材料准確、詳實,語言簡練,並能按一定的順序來寫,是一篇較好的說明文。
怎麼樣?會寫這幾種文體了嗎?試著寫兩篇吧?
1 .記述一次郊遊活動( outing ),包括下列內容:
①時間、地點:上星期六,海邊。
②活動內容:去時花了幾個小時,到海邊後搭帳蓬,在露天生火做飯,講故事,唱歌,做游戲。
③自己感想:盡管很累,大家玩得很痛快。
要求:用第一人稱寫,詞數 70 左右。
2 .向明中學的「英語角」活動開展得有聲有色。請你用英語為一家英文報紙寫一篇 80 — 100 字的簡訊。
㈡ 初中英語作文寫作技巧
初中英語作文高分秘訣
1. 動筆之前,認真審題
《中考考試說明》指出,書面表達要切中題意。怎樣才能切中題意?就是要認真審題,看到考題後,先不要急於動筆,要仔細看清題目要求的內容。在自己的頭腦中構思出一個框架或畫面,確定短文的中心思想,不要匆匆下筆,看懂題意,根據圖畫、圖表、提綱或短文提供的資料和信息來審題。審題要審格式、體裁、人物關系、故事情節、主體時態、活動時間、地點等。
2. 圍繞中心,擬定提綱
書面表達評分原則有四條:
(1)內容要點;
(2)運用詞彙和結構的數量;
(3)運用語法結構和詞彙的准確性;
(4)上下文的連貫性。
由此可見,要點是給分的一個重要因素。為了防止寫作過程中遺漏要點,同學們要充分發揮自己的觀察力,把情景中給出的各個要點逐條列出。根據短文的中心思想考慮如何開頭、展開和結尾,設想幾個承上啟下的連詞,將主要句型、關鍵詞語草草記下,形成提綱,寫時切忌結構分散,廢話連篇,嚴重跑題。書面表達,內容廣泛,題材多樣,要弄清考題的要求是寫人、敘事、介紹、評論、圖表、書信、日記、通知、便條還是看圖作文或改寫縮寫。如果是日記,要寫清年、月、日和天氣情況;如果是書信,則要注意書信的格式,注意短文字數不要低於或超過規定的字數太多。
3. 語言通順,表達准確
(1) 避免使用漢語式英語,盡量使用自己熟悉的句型。幾種句型可交替使用,以避免重復和呆板。
(2) 多用簡單句型,記事、寫人一般都不需要復雜的句型。可適當多使用陳述句、一般疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句。不用或少用非謂語或情態動詞等較復雜的句型。
(3).注意語法、句法知識的靈活運用。
1) 語態、時態要准確無誤。
2) 主謂語要一致,主語的人稱和數要和謂語一致。
3) 注意人稱代詞的賓格形式。
4) 注意冠詞用法,例如: He is an honest student.中的an不能寫成a。
5) 注意拼寫、標點符號和大小寫,例如:receive, believe, fourteen, forty, ninth, restaurant等。
標點符號特別注意漢英的不同,例如:
漢語 英語
A. 句號 。 .
B. 省略號 …… …
C. 頓號 、 無
(4) 描寫人物時,要生動具體,例如:
1) 外表特徵:tall, short, fat, thin, strong, weak, ordinary-looking 等。
2) 服飾顏色:red, yellow, blue, white, green, brown, black 等。
3) 內心境界:glad, happy, sad, excited, anxious, interested 等。
4) 感情描寫:love, like, hate, feel, laugh, cry, smile, shout 等。
5) 動作描寫:come, go, get, have, take, bring, fetch 等。
(5) 上下文要連貫。上下文的連貫性也是評分的一條原則,因此同學們應把寫好的句子,根據故事情節,事情發生的先後次序(時間或空間),使用一些表示並列、遞進等過渡詞進行加工整理,使文章連貫、自然、流暢。同學們應注意下面過渡的用法:
1) 表示並列關系的過渡詞:and, as well as, or …
2) 表示轉折關系的過渡詞:but, yet, however …
3) 表示時間關系的過渡詞:first, second, third, and then, finally, after, before, after a few days, at last, at that time, later, in the past, immediately, in the meanwhile, when, while, then, after that …
4) 表示空間關系的過渡詞:near (to), far (from), in the front of, beside, behind, beyond, above, below, to the right, to the left, on one side, on the other side of, outside …
5) 表示比較關系的過渡詞:in the same way, just like, just as …
6) 表示對照關系的過渡詞:but, still, yet, however, on the other hand, in spite of, even though …
7) 表示遞進關系的過渡詞: also, and, then, too, in addition, moreover, again …
8) 表示因果關系的過渡詞:because, since, then, thus, otherwise, so, therefore ,as a result…
9) 表示解釋說明的過渡詞:for example, in fact, in this case, for, actually …
10) 表示強調的過渡詞:in fact, indeed, necessarily, certainly, without any doubt, truly, most important …
11) 表示目的的過渡詞:for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order that, so as to, in order to, …
12) 表示列舉的過渡詞:for example , such as …
13) 表示總結性的過渡詞:in conclusion, finally, at last, in brief, as has been stated, in a word, in general, in all, in a word, generally speaking …
4. 不會表達,另闢蹊徑
中考作文給分是以要點和語言准確度而定,不以文采打分。造句越簡單准確越好,造復合句容易出錯,容易被扣分,閱卷場上有句話:「錯誤面前人人平等,文採好不加分」。如遇到個別要點表達不出來或難以表達,可採用變通的辦法,化難為易,化繁為簡。總之,所造句子要正確、得體、符合英語表達習慣。
(1) 迂迴而行
當漢語詞義不會用英語表達時,可以想一個與這個漢語詞義相似的幾種詞義。擴展思路,然後從英語中找出一個與其詞義相近的代替。這樣可有異曲同工之妙。
(2) 小詞大用
漢語中有些語意看來很復雜很文雅,但在英語中可用一些常用詞表達。下面這些詞可能在你的書面表達中很有用:take, have, get, make, come, go, do, see, show, happy, nice, kind, help 等。
(3) 借花獻佛
有時書面表達中需要的單詞或片語或許在試卷中的其他地方出現。因為剛剛做過題,記憶猶新,那麼就可信手拈來,為我所用。
5. 錦上添花,量力而行
如果你還有時間和精力,想把書面表達寫得更好,那麼,請注意以下幾點:
(1) 句型多樣化,不要I(We)……到底,使人覺得乏味。
(2) 適當使用一些並列句或主從復合句。
(3) 進一步描繪人或事物時,適當使用定語從句。
(4) 適當使用分詞或分詞短語,烘托謂語動詞。
(5) 偶爾使用一下倒裝句,增加新鮮感。
(6) 適當調換一下狀語在句子中的位置,使句子不雷同。
(7) 上下句子緊接時,其中完全相同的成分可以省略,以節省篇幅。
6. 書寫工整,卷面整潔
字跡要清晰,讓閱卷人看得清楚,不可字跡潦草,難以辨認,要保持卷面的整潔。
7. 寫完之後,勿忘檢查
中考作文時,由於時間緊、內容多,同學們出錯在所難免。因此,改錯這一環節必不可少。中考作文評卷是根據要點、語言准確性、上下文的連貫性來給分,根據錯誤多少來扣分。因此,中考時花幾分鍾時間用來檢查錯誤顯得尤為重要。檢查錯誤應從以下幾個方面入手:
(1) 格式是否有錯。
(2) 拼寫有無錯誤。
(3) 語言是否用錯。
(4) 時態、語態錯誤。
(5) 標點錯誤。
(6) 人稱是否用錯。
【注意】此時不宜在卷面上作較大的改動,以免顧此失彼,影響全局。
總之,只要平時同學們多練習寫作並有意運用上述方法和技巧,合理分配時間,在中考時一定能寫出高質量的作文,得到令人滿意的考分。
㈢ 初中英語作文怎麼寫,馬上要中考了,快啊!!!!!!!!!!!!
初中英語作文還是比較簡單的,把課文多讀幾遍或者背出來寫作文不在話下。
下面提供幾個常用簡單句型
句型(一)
such+名詞性片語+that…
So+形容詞/副詞+that…——如此……以致……
例如:(1)She is such a good teacher that we all love her.她是一個好老師,我們都愛她。
(2)It was such a hot day that they didn』t go out for a walk as usual.這么熱的天氣,他們沒有像往常一樣去散步。
注意點:
1.such+a+形容詞+名詞+that…,可以改寫成:so+形容詞+a+名詞+that…,例句(1)可以改寫成:She is so good a teacher that we all love her.
2.在such+形容詞+名詞復數或不可數名詞+that…結構中,形容詞如果是many/few或much/little時,用so不用such,即:so+many/few+可數名詞復數+that…,so+much/little+不可數名詞+that…
(1)There are so many people in the room that I can』t get in.房間里人太多,我進不去。
(2)The man has so much money that he can buy a car.那人很有錢,他能買一輛小汽車。
句型(二)
There be…,either…or…,neither…nor…,not only…but also…
例如:(1)There is a pen and two pencils in his pencil-box.他的鉛筆盒裡有一支鋼筆和兩支鉛筆。
(2)Not only you but also I have been to the Great Wall.你和我都沒有去過長城。
(3)Either you or I am leaving for Shanghai.要麼你去上海,要麼我去上海。
(4)Neither you nor he is right.你和他都不對。
(5)Both Jack and Tim are English.
Jack和Tim是英國人。
注意點:
當這幾個句型連接主語時,謂語動詞的人稱和數要考慮「就近原則」,對比both…and… 來記憶,both…and…連接主語時視為復數。
句型(三)
Enough+名詞+to do…——有足夠的……做某事
形容詞/副詞+enough+to do …——足夠……做某事
例如:(1)There is enough room to hold these people to have a meeting.有足夠的地方容下這些人開會。
(2)The boy is strong enough to carry the heavy box.這個男孩力氣夠大,能搬動這只箱子。
注意點:
enough做副詞修飾形容詞或副詞時,放在所修飾詞的後面,句子可以用so…that…句型改寫。例句(2)可以改寫為:The boy is so strong that he can carry the heavy box.這個男孩力氣很大,能搬動這只箱子。
句型(四)
too+形容詞/副詞+to do…——太……以致不能……
例如:(1)I was too excited to say a word.我激動得一個字也說不出來。
(2)Tom is too short to reach the apple. Tom太矮了,拿不到那個蘋果。
注意點:
這是一個否定句型,不能在不定式前加 not,可以用so…that…結構改寫,例如例句(1)可以改寫成:I was so excited that I couldn』t say a word.
句型(五)
So that …——以便/以致……
例如:(1)They studied hard so that they could pass the exam.他們學習很努力,為了能通過考試。
(2)They started early so that they caught the early bus.他們起得很早,結果趕上了早班車。
注意點:
在例句(1)中,是引導目的狀語;在例句(2)中,是引導結果狀語。一般來講,從句中含有情態動詞的,為目的狀語。無情態動詞的,為結果狀語。
句型(六)
祈使句+then/or/and+陳述句
例如:(1)Work hard,and/then/and then you will live a happy life.努力工作,你就會過上幸福生活。
(2)Hurry up, or we will be late for school. 快點,否則我們上學就遲到了。
注意點:
以上句型都可以用條件狀語從句來改寫。例句(2)可以改寫成:If we don』t hurry up,we』ll be late for school.
句型(七)
(1)It』s time for sth.是干某事的時間了。
It』s time (for sb) to do sth.該干某事了。
It』s time that sb did sth.該干某事了。
例如:(1) It』s time for the meeting.該開會了。
(2)It』s time for us to go to school.我們該上學了。
(3)It』s high time that you went to bed.你該上床休息了。
注意點:
在句型(3)中,可以在time前加rush、 high等修飾詞,這個句型是虛擬語氣的一種,含有「稍遲一點」的含義。而(2)則是「正是干某事的時候」。
句型(八)
(1)It takes sb. Some time to do sth.干某事花某人一些時間
(2)sb. spend some time on sth./(in) doing sth.某人花時間在某事上/花時間干某事
(3)spend some money on sth./(in) doing sth.花錢在某物上/花錢干某事
(4)sth. cost sb. Some money——某事花某人一些錢
(5)pay some money for sth.為某事(物)付錢
例如:(1)It took me two hours to write the letter.寫這封信花了我兩小時的時間。
(2)He spends half an hour (in) reading English every morning.他每天早上花半小時讀英語。
(3)He spends one hour on the housework every day.他每天花一小時做家務。
(4)The bike cost me 298 yuan.這輛自行車花了我298元。
(5)I spent 298 yuan on the bike.我買這輛自行車花了298 元。
(6)I paid 298 yuan for the bike.我花了298元買這輛自行車。
注意點:cost主語一般為物;spend、pay主語一般為人。例(1)中it 用做形式主語,動詞不定式為真正主語。
句型(九)
(1)Why not do…?為什麼不幹某事?
(2)Let』s do …讓我們干某事吧。
(3)Shall we do …?我們干某事好嗎?
(4)Would you like something/to do sth.…?你想要什麼嗎?你想要干…嗎?
(5)Will you please do …?請你干某事好嗎?
(6)What (How) about doing…?干某事怎麼樣?
例如:(1)Why not go and ask our teacher?Good idea!Let』s go.為什麼不去問問老師?好主意!走吧!
(2)Shall we go out for a walk?No, let』s go to the zoo.我們去散步怎麼樣?不,我們去動物園吧。
(3)Will you please fetch some chalks for me?請你給我拿些粉筆,好嗎?
(4)What about singing an English song? Wonderful!唱首英語歌曲怎麼樣?好極了!
注意點:這些句型都是表示「建議」的句子,可視為同義句。
句型(十)
(1)Let』s go out for a walk,shall we?讓我們出去散步,好嗎?
(2)Read the book carefully,will you?認真讀書,好嗎?
注意點:在這兩個句型中,(2)所代表的祈使句,一般用will you構成反意疑問句。在(1)中Let』s表示包括「我」在內,用shall we,但若是let us,表示不包括「我」在內,則用will you。
例如:Let us go out for a walk,will you?你讓我們出去散散步,好嗎?
句型(十一)
So+be/助動詞/情態動詞+主語——也……
Neither/Nor+be/助動詞/情態動詞+主語——也不……
例如:(1)He can sing a lot of English songs,so can she.他會唱很多英語歌曲,她也是。
(2)She speaks English very well,so do I.她英語說得好,我也是。
(3)Li Lei hasn』t read this book,neither has Lin Feng.李蕾沒看過這本書,林風也沒看過。
注意點:這兩個句型都表示和前面所陳述的內容相同,用倒裝句。要注意和 「so+主語+be/助動詞/情態動詞——確實是」相區別,試對比一下例(2):
A:She speaks English very well.她英語說得很好。
B:so she does.確實是這樣。
句型(十二)
I don』t think his answer is right.我認為他的答案不對。
例如:(1)I can』t believe she is right.我相信她是不對的。
(2)You don』t think they will come tomorrow, do you?你認為他們明天不會來,是嗎?
注意點:Think、believe、suppose 等接賓語從句時,表示否定時否定主句。變為反意疑問句時,若主語是第一人稱,簡短問句與賓語從句的主謂語保持一致, 若主句主語是其他人稱,與主句主謂語保持一致。例(1)變為反意疑問句應為:I can』t believe she.
其實只要努力和堅持你就會成功!也許這句話你已經聽了聽幾百遍,但是你嘗試去做過嗎?努力加油!gogo
㈣ 英語作文帶要求的初中
Since I was very small, I like to eat all kinds of candy. My parents always tell me that eating too much candy will do harm to my health, but I never listen to them, because nothing happens to me. But last week, I felt something wrong with my teeth. At first, I did not feel like eating anything, my teeth ached. Then my parents told me to see the dentist, I was so afraid, I knew what the doctor would do to me. Going to see the dentist was a disaster, my tooth was broken and needed to take out, it really hurt me. Since then, I learn that eating too much candy need to pay the price.
㈤ 初中英語作文範文
2013年英語七年級上冊作文,請同學們熟讀下列範文,然後仿寫:
1. My Friend(我的朋友)
I have a good friend. Her name is May. She is 12 years old. Her telephonenumber is 87634966 Her birthday is March 5th. She is good at English andChinese. She often plays the piano. She likes reading books and listening tothe music. Her hobbies are reading and listening to music. She is a nice girl.We often help each other. We
are good friends.
2. 假設你是李枚,下面的照片是你的全家福,請你寫一篇文章介紹你的家庭。Hello, everyone! I'm Li Mei. Look! This is myfamily photo. This is my grandmother. She is 58. This is my father. He is ateacher. He is 36. and my mother is 36, too. Who』s that boy? Oh, heis my brother. He is 13 and I am 12. My brother and I are students.
3. 假設這是TOM的房間,請你用80詞左右介紹他的房間。
Look! This is Tom』s room. His photos are on the wall. His T-shirt is on thebed. His baseball bat is behind the dresser. The keys are in the drawer. Thecomputer is on the desk. Where is Tom』s baseball? Oh, It』s under the bed. Whatis on the floor? They are Tom』s shoes, socks and computer games. What do youthink of Tom』s room?
4. 介紹你的一日三餐。
Hello, everyone! I don』t like sports, but Ilike eating very much. I eat a lot food every day. For breakfast, I like milk,eggs and bread a lot . For lunch, I likeFrench fries, chicken, hamburgers and apples. For dinner, I like fruits,vegetables and rice.
5. 以My Favorite…為題,寫一篇短文
My favorite subject is English. I like itbecause it is interesting. I have English every day. I can speak a littleEnglish. I join the school English club. Every afternoon I go there to talk inEnglish. I can see the English movies and read English books. I think it isuseful for me. I want to learn it well. I like English very much.
6. My English Teacher(我的英語老師)
Miss Wang is my English teacher. She looksvery young. She's about thirty years old, and she wears glasses. She's funny .But she is strict with us. She wants us to study hard, Her lessons areinteresting. We are very happy in her class and we all like her lessons. She isa good teacher, and we all like her.
7. 自我介紹
My name is Wang Ming. My birthday is June 5th.I am Chinese. I am a student. I study very hard. My favorite subject isEnglish. I like it because it is interesting. I can play the piano and thetrumpet, but not very well. I love swimming and I am good at it. Of all kindsof movies, I like comedies best. I think they're interesting. I』m one of thebest students in my class. My teachers all say I am a good student. They alllike me and I like them, too.
七年級英語(下)書面表達
Unit 1
1. 寫作話題:本單元以能力為話題,談論自己或他人的能力。如會干或不會干…….
2.寫作題目:假如你們學校幼兒園在暑假期間要招聘臨時業余輔導員,請你寫一則50詞左右的招聘廣告。要求:(1)喜歡孩子;(2)會唱,會畫,會電腦;(3)工作時間:暑假。
參考作文 Help Wanted
Are you goodwith children? We need help for summer holiday . Can you help kids with sports? Can you help kids with music ?Can you paint ? Can you play computer games ?Come and join us ! Please call Wang Ping at 6367786 . Our e-mail address is [email protected].
Unit 2
1. 寫作話題:本單元以日常生活習慣為話題,描述自己或他人的日常生活習慣。
2. 寫作題目:根據下面提示寫一篇50詞左右的短文,介紹自己一天的活動安排情況。
參考作文
I usually getup at 6:30 . Then I have breakfast . At7:10 I go to school . We have fourclasses in the morning ., and three classes in the afternoon . At 4:30 p.m. Igo home . After supper I do my homework . I usually watch TV from 8:00 to9:00.in the evening . Then I go to bed at 10:00 .
Unit 3
1. 寫作話題:本單元以如何到某地為話題,描述請某地的方式。
2. 寫作題目:根據下面提示寫一篇70詞左右的短文,張靜是我的好朋友,在青島上學,她的家距離學校約3千米,她通常騎自行車去上學,大約用20分鍾,但下雨時她乘計程車,大約5分鍾。她的父母在離家8千米的一家醫院工作,每天開汽車上班,大約要10分鍾。
參考作文
Zhang Jing ismy good friend. She studies in Qing.Her home is about three kilometers from school. She usually rides her bike toschool and it takes her about twenty minutes .But when it rains, she goes toschool by taxi. It takes her only five minutes . Her father and mother bothwork in a hospital. It』s eight kilometers from their home. They take a car towork . It takes them about ten minutes.
Unit 4
1. 寫作話題:本單元以規則話題,以祈使句表達規則。
2. 寫作題目:根據下面提示寫一篇60詞左右的短文。Tom 正和他的一個朋友Jim 談論他所在的學校。Tom 很不喜歡這所學校,原因是這所學校的規章制度太多。要點:(1)保持安靜(2)不準吃零食(3)不準亂扔垃圾(4)不準打鬧(5)按時上課(6)做好課前准備
參考作文
Tom is talking about his school with his friend Jim. Tom tells Jim hedoesn』t like this school very much, because there are too many school rules forus.
1. Keep quiet in the classroom,please.
2. Don』t eat snacks in theclassroom ,or it will make our classroom dirty.
3. Don』t throw around.
4. Don』t fight and chase aftereach other in the classroom. Of course, you can』t make any noise.
5. Please arrive at the class ontime ,don』t be late. Or our teachers will be unhappy.
6. Get ready before the class. Don』tlook for anything after the class begins.
If we break anyone of them, we will be punished.
Unit 5
1. 寫作話題:本單元以動物話題,描述自己喜歡的動物及原因。
2. 寫作題目:根據下面表格的內容,以A Trip to the Zoo寫一篇60詞左右的短文介紹一下動物園新來的兩只動物。
3
參考作文
A Trip to theZoo
Welcome to the zoo. There are two newanimals. The panda』s name is Feifei .She is from China .She likes eating bamboo. Sheis lovely and shy. She is only two years old. The other animal is a lion .Hisname is Karl. He is from Africa. He likeseating meat. He is very dangerous and strong. He is three years old .We all like them.
Unit 6
1. 寫作話題:本單元以人們正在進行的活動話題,用現在進行時描述自己或他人正在進行的活動。
2. 寫作題目:假設你叫魏梅,根據下面提示給你的朋友Helen 寫一張明信片,介紹一下你和你的家人正在做什麼,不少於60詞。提示: 現在是星期三晚上八點,你的爺爺和爸爸在下象棋,奶奶和媽媽在看電視,姐姐在房間看書,哥哥在玩電腦游戲。你們很開心。
參考作文
Wednesday
Dear Helen ,
How are you? It』s eight o』clock in theevening now. What are you doing now? People in my family are doing differentthings. My brother is playing computer games. You see, he likes playing gamesvery much. My grandpa and my father are playing chess. My grandma and my motherare watching TV and my sister is reading a book in her room. We are having agood time.
See you soon.
Love,
Wei Mei
Unit7
1. 寫作話題:本單元人們在各種天氣里的活動話題,描述天氣情況和人們正在進行的活動。
2. 寫作題目:你家鄉的氣候怎樣?你喜歡什麼樣的氣候?以The Weather in My City 為題,寫一篇介紹天氣的短文。
參考作文
The Weather in My City
Hello, everyone! I』m from Shengyang. Do you want toknow what the weather is like here? Let me tell you!
Shengyang is in the northeast of China. In spring, the weather ischangeable(多變的).Sometimesit』s warm, and sometimes it』s cold.. Insummer, it』s hot.. But I like it very much because I like swimming. The autumnin Shengyang is very nice. It』s neither too hot nor too cold .In winter, it』svery cold. You can see heavy snow everywhere. I like snow. I like to makesnowman with my friends.
Unit8
1. 寫作話題:本單元以問路指路為話題,向他人問路或指路。
2. 寫作題目:假設你叫李雷,這個星期天是你的生日,你准備在家舉辦一個生日聚會,聚會在六點鍾開始。你邀請了你的一些朋友參加,Susan 也在其中, 可她不知道去你家的路。你家住在Bridge Street,乘坐六路或八路公共汽車在Bridge Street站下車,下車後直走,然後在第一個十字路口右拐,左邊有一個郵局,你家就在郵局的對面,房子是紅色的,很容易找到。請根據所給信息給Susan寫封郵件。
參考作文
Dear Susan,
ThisSunday is my birthday. I』ll have a birthday at my home. It starts at 6p.m..Would you like to come? I』ll ask some of my friends to come. My home is on Bridge Street. Youcan take a No.6 or No.8 bus, and get off on Bridge Street. Go straight ,and then turnright at the first crossing .You can see a post office on your left. My home isacross from the post office. It is a red house. You won』t miss it..
Yours,
Li Lei
Unit9
1. 寫作話題:本單元以外表為話題,描述人的外貌愛好服飾等。
2. 寫作題目:根據以下信息用英語寫一則尋人啟事。Peter,今年四歲,今天在商店和媽媽走散。中等個頭,短頭發,小圓臉,大眼睛,上身穿白色的T恤,下身穿白褲子,腳穿一雙黑色的運動鞋,還背著一個藍色的小背包,請看到他的顧客把他領到廣播室。
參考作文
Ladies and Gentlemen, we are look forPeter. Peter, a four-year-old boy, was missing in the shop. He is of mediumheight, and he has short hair. His face is round, and his eyes are big. Hewears a white T-shirt and white trousers, and a pair of black sports shoes. Andhe has a blue bag. If someone finds him, please bring him into the BroadcastingRoom. His mother is there. Thank you .
Unit10
1. 寫作話題:本單元以買東西服務用語為話題,談論價格數量等。
2. 寫作題目:根據以下信息為朱老大餃子屋( Zhu Laoda Dumpling House )寫一則廣告。提示:(1) 本店餃子品種齊全,個大味美(2) 現有兩種特價餃子:雞蛋蔬菜餃子每10
個3元;牛肉餃子每10個5元(3)歡迎光臨本店。地址:光明路118號。電話685-8588
參考作文
Zhu Laoda Dumpling House
Would you like to have mplings? At ZhuLaoda Dumpling House ,we have all kinds of mplings and they are all large anddelicious.
Now we have two great specials! Special 1has eggs and vegetables and is just 3 yuan for 10. Special 2 is only 5yuan for10 and has beef and vegetables.
Welcome to our house! The address is No.118 Guangming Road.Our telephone number is 685-8588
Unit11
1. 寫作話題:本單元以學校旅行為話題,談論學校旅行及假期生活,描述過去發生的事情及感受。
2. 寫作題目:暑假已經過去,同學們都相互詢問時如何度過這個假期的,請你用英語寫一封信把你的假期和同學交流一下,向他們描述你的既有意義又充實的假期。提示:(1)堅持運動,鍛煉身體(2)多讀好書(3)旅遊觀光(4)當一名志願者(5)幫助父母。
參考作文
Dear Li Ping,
I had a good time ring my summervacation. Here is my vacation to show you.
First I did sports and learned to ply tabletennis. It』s good for my health. Then I read some books .After that I enjoyedan interesting sight for two weeks. Also, I volunteered to serve in thevolleyball game. Of course, at home I helped my parents do some cooking ,washing and so on.
I think I had a wonderful time ring thevacation . Did you have a nice summer vacation ? P lease tell me !
Tom
Unit12
1. 寫作話題:本單元以過去發生話題,談論學校旅行及假期生活,描述過去發生的事情及感受。
2. 寫作題目:根據下面提示寫短文:上周星期天,劉明賀他的朋友在山腳下野炊。他們中的一些人正在做游戲,一些在跳舞,他們感到很放鬆。突然,劉明看到一頭山羊正在跑。他對此很感興趣,平且開始追它跑了很長一段時間。當他想起他的朋友們時,他不知道他在哪兒。他迷路了。在那時,一個農夫過來,在他的幫助下,劉明又找到了他的朋友們。他感謝這位農夫平且向你告別。
參考作文
Last Sunday, Liu Ming and his friends wentfor a picnic at the foot of the mountain. Some of them were playing games, somewere dancing , they felt very relaxed. Suddenly, Liu Ming saw a goat running .He was interested in it and began to run after it for a long time . When hethought of his friends again. He got lost. At that time, a farmer came. Withhis help ,Liu Ming found his friends again. He thanked the farmer and said:Goodbye」 to him.
㈥ 初中英語作文,必須要自己寫的
寫3個復合句
闡述3個左右理由
加一些連詞(firstly……)
英語作文的文章的開頭
一篇文章通常可分為三個部分,即開頭、正文和結尾。這三個部分安排是否得體,直接影響到文章的質量。
文章的開頭一般來說應盡量做到開門見山,用簡單明白的敘述引出文章的話題,使讀者了解文章要談論什麼,一下於引起讀者的興趣。
作文常見的開頭形式大致有以下幾種:
1.開門見山,揭示主題
文章一開頭,就交待清楚文章的主題是什麼。如「How I Spent My Vacation」(我怎樣度假)的開頭是:
I Spent my last vacation happily.
下面是題為「Honesty」(談誠實)一文中的開頭:
Honesty is one of the best virtues.An honest man is always trusted and respected.On the contrary, one who tells lies is regarded as a 「liar」,and is looked upon by honest people.
2.交代人物、事情、時間或環境開頭
在文章的開頭,先把人物、事件和環境交待清楚。例如「A Trip to Jinshan」 (去金山旅遊)的開頭:
The day before yesterday my class went on a bus trip to Jinshan. The bus ride there took three hours. The long trip made us very tired, but the sight of the beautiful sea refreshed us.
3. 回憶性的開頭
用回憶的方法來開頭。例如「A Trip to the Taishan Mountain」(泰山游)的開頭是:
I remember my first trip to the Taishan Mountain as if it were yesterday.
4.概括性的開頭
即對要在文章中敘述的人或事先作一個概括性的介紹。如「The Happiness of Reading Books」(讀書的快樂)的開頭:
People often say that gold and silver are the most valuable things in the world. But I say that to read books is more valuable than anything else, because books give us knowledge and knowledge gives us power.
5.介紹環境式的開頭
即開頭利用自然景物或自然環境引出要介紹的事物。如「An Accident」(一場事故)的開頭是:
It was a rainy and windy morning. The sky was gloomy, the temperature was low, and the street was nearly empty. I was on my way back to school. Suddenly, a speeding car came round the corner.
6.交待寫作目的的開頭。
在文章的一開頭就交待寫作目的,如通過文章要表揚誰,批評誰,或說明一個什麼問題等。如 「Pollution Control」 (控制污染)的開頭:
In this article I shall draw your attention to the subject of pollution control.
英語作文的文章的正文
文章的正文是由若干段落組成的,段落通常由幾個或者更多的句子組成,有時候一個句子也能成段。
文章的正文應以文章的開頭為線索,具體地敘述、說明或論證文章的主題。文章不論長短,每個段落都必須為主題服務。像說明文和議論文這一類的文章,一個主題還常分成幾個小主題,每個小主題要用一個段落處理,另起一段時,應是一層新的意思。每一段的開頭,要放一個表示段落小主題的主題句,這樣可使文章條理化,易於閱讀,便於讀者抓住主題。段內的所有句子應圍繞主題句的意義加以闡述或論證,為中心思想服務。句子之間應銜結自然,有條不紊,而且還要合乎邏輯,段落中不能出現任何與主題無關的句子;英語寫作比較重視主題句的作用,缺少它段落意義就會含糊不清。主題句也可放在段落的中間和末尾等部位,但對初學者來說,以放在段首為好。見下列這篇題為「How to Be a Good Student」 (怎樣做個好學生)的文章:
We students are the builders and masters of the country. It is important for us to know how to be a good student.
A good student, I think, should be diligent in his studies. The more he studies, the more he will increase his knowledge. Without enough knowledge, we cannot make great contributions to the modernization of our country.
To take care of one's own body is another important thing for good student to do. Anyone, who hasn't got a strong body, can do nothing for his country, even if he has much knowledge. There was a man, who, when he was student, studied hard but neglected his health. No sooner did he come to serve the country than he died of poor health. From this we may see that to have a strong body is really very important for a student.
Lastly, to cultivate one's own virtue is most important. Virtue is the essence of a noble and good character. It will greatly help one to be useful and his country heart and soul. When learned people go astray, they do more harm than good to society. We should draw lessons from this.
這篇文章的第一段引出了文章的主題,第二、第三和第四段則是文章的正文,每—段的第一句即是段落的主題句,它們既支持了文章中心的觀點和思想,同時又概括了全段的意思。在同一段落中,其餘的句子都圍繞主題句所表示的中心展開,同時句子間的銜結也很自然;各層的意思都很連貫。
分段是文章組織上重要的一步,但如果寫的題目范圍很小,那就無須再將題目分成小的主題,並分入各個段落去闡述了。像一篇簡短的評論;某一事情的簡短記載,某一個想法的說明,對一個人物或一件事情的簡要敘述或說明等,就可以只用一個段落來表現主題。
在記敘文中,段的結構有時可以很簡單,不需要有主題句,敘事一氣呵成,中途沒有停頓。段與段之所以分開,只是為了起修辭作用,以便把某一細節置於顯著的地位。
某些測試用的表達題,在題目中就已經說明只需要根據。所給的提示寫一個段落,而不是一篇文章。對於這一類的寫作試題,就可以予以簡潔的處理,並不是非要擴充成一篇有頭有尾的完整文章。
下面這篇題為「Weekend Homework」(談周末作業)的短文,就是用一個段落來論述問題和表達觀點的。
Usally Saturday night is the time for students to get back to their desks and do their weekend homework. Six school days are enough for the students who have many other interests. I think weekend homework should not be given. With homework arranged for Saturday night and the whole of Sunday,when can he find time to help around the house,play a game of football or see a good film,or just relax? In fact weekend homework is usually put off until Sunday night. As a result our homework is done very poorly and we achive no results. If there were no homework on weekends,students would go to school on Monday well rested,willing to work. Teachers,don't you agree?
英語作文的文章的結尾
文章結尾的作用是概括全文內容,進一步強調或肯定文章的中心思想,使文章意義表達得更加深刻。
文章結尾的形式也是多種多樣的,常見的有以下幾種:
1.首尾呼應,畫龍點睛在文章的結尾,把含義較深的話放在末尾,以點明主題,深化主題,起到畫龍點睛的效果。如「I Cannot Forget Her」 (我忘不了她)的結尾:
After her death, I felt as if something were missing in my life. I was sad over her passing away, but I knew she would not have had any regrets at having given her life for the benefit of the people.
2.重復主題句結尾回到文章開頭闡明的中心思想或主題句上,達到強調的效果。如「I Love My Home Town」(我愛家鄉)的結尾:
I love my home town, and I love its people. They too have changed. They are going all out to do more for the good of our motherland.
3. 自然結尾隨著文章的結束,文章自然而然地結尾。如「Fishing」(釣魚)的結尾:
I caught as many as twenty fish in two hours, but my brother caught many more. Tired from fishing, we lay down on the river bank, bathing in the sun. We returned home very late.
4.含蓄性的結尾
用比喻或含蓄的手法不直接點明作者的看法,而是讓讀者自己去領會和思考。如「A Day of Harvesting」(收割的日子)的結尾:
Evening came before we realized it. We put down our sickles and looked at each other. Our clothes were wet with sweat, but on every face there was a smile.
5.用反問結尾
雖然形式是問句,但意義卻是肯定的,並具有特別的強調作用,引起讀者深思。如 「Should We Learn to Do Housework?」 (我們要不要學做家務?) 的結尾。
Everyone should learn to do housework. Don't you agree, boys and girls?
6.指明方向,激勵讀者結尾表示對將來的展望,或期待讀者投入行動。如「Let's Go in for Sports」(讓我們參加體育運動)的結尾:As we have said above, sports can be of great value. They not only make people live happily but also help people to learn virtues and do their work bettter. A sound mind is in a sound body. Let's go in for sports.
文章的結尾沒有一定的模式,可以根據表達主題的需要靈活創造。一般的習慣是,一些記敘文和描寫文經常採用自然結尾的方法;但說理性和邏輯性較強的說明文和議論文則往往都有結束語,以便使文章首尾呼應,結構完整
㈦ 初中英語作文滿分是多少分
按照中考的標准來看,初中英語作文滿分是20分。
其中給分的標准為:
1、整內篇作文滿分20分,容其中內容8分,語言8分,結構4分2、內容貼切,句子流暢,用語准確,加整體印象分1分;不滿60個詞,少1——5個詞扣0.5分,6——10個詞扣1分。
2、所有給出問題涉及的三項內容,每少一項扣3分;每個拼寫,大小寫,標點符號等錯誤扣0.5分;同一的拼寫錯誤不重復扣分,扣分總和不超過2分;語法錯誤每項扣1分,同一錯誤不重復扣分,扣分總和不超過2分。
(7)初中英語作文要求擴展閱讀
注意切勿出現中式英語:
翻譯錯誤的出現不僅是因為水平有限,而且往往出於思維的惰性。把漢語原文的詞語都變成英文詞語,按一定順序串成句子,確實已經讓初學者費了不少腦筋。
這時尤其要認識到,寫作過程遠遠沒有結束。你還需要注意:詞語是否譯得恰當,要避免虛假對應,詞語間搭配是否合適,要避免照搬漢語搭配,句子結構是否自然,要避免中式英文和翻譯腔。
需要說明的是,有一類常見錯誤這里沒有列舉,那就是英語單詞的拼寫問題。因為它屬於英語學習的基礎內容,與漢譯英本身沒有直接關系。但大家還是要充分意識到正確拼寫的重要,勤查詞典,避免此類錯誤的發生。
㈧ 初中英語作文:為什麼要學習英語
英語的掌握分為聽、說、讀、寫四個方面。前兩個方面是輸入型的,也就是說是被動的接受:而後兩個方面是輸出型的,是主動的應用。但是根
據新課標的要求,它要求教師在教學過程中聽說領先,對語法不要求進行講
解,只要在上課時帶過即可,注重對學生聽說能力的培養。而結合我國目前
的發展形勢,要求英語學習者是英語應用者,包括口語的聽說及筆頭的讀寫,尤其讀寫是目前在素質教育形勢下的考試重點。這樣一來,按
要求教學的結果與實際應試及需要有差距,這也是教育一線存在的一大矛盾, 而山區教學的矛盾尤其顯著。
讀寫中,寫作又是學生在學習中的一個難點。寫作時有許多學生構思、立意都很好,也就是說謀篇布局的本領很好,但就寫不出,"巧婦難為無米之
炊",很好的構思只是一個空架子。學生反映不知道怎樣用正確的英語句子表
達心中的意思,學過的句子"搬"不過來。確實如此啊。上面的這種差距在
寫作時就完全表現出來了,在對話類中顯得稍小點,在陳述類作品中表現得
特別的明顯,因為初中階段涉及到的會話話題就那麼幾個,基本上固定。要
解決這個問題,需要教師在教學過程中注重對學生讀寫能力的培養,特別是 寫作。
那麼,怎樣寫好英語作文呢
第一,從句子入手
要求學生通過背誦一定量的句子,特別是功能話題的對話,學生應該熟練的掌握,解決對話類對應習作。如人民教育出版社出版的初中
英語教材第二冊上Page 21,Lesson 17,Part 1,這則對話中恰到好處的編排了本 單元的六個建議句型:
1.Shall we go to the zoo
2.When shall we meet
3.What about a quarter past ten
4.Why not meet a little earlier
5.Where shall we meet
6.Let's meet outsite the zoo gate.
這六個句型都是對話者相互需求的信息。通過教練,使學生感到學習和使用這些句型很接近實際,應用起來不覺得困難。
第二,練習基本句型
這部分是寫作教學的重點也是難點。五種簡單句的基本句型集中在教材第二冊下第15單元進行教學,而且書後及相關練習都是對句型的類型進行判斷,學生對句子的結構理解不進,提筆寫仍困難重重。作為教師應該注重平時在那裡出現,就在那裡練,出現一類掌握一類。如出
現句子:
She is tall.
告訴學生tall是一個形容詞, 可以用形容詞替換, 如
fat,thin,short,happy,new,beautiful,nice等等來替換。並用彩色筆寫出is,告訴
學生is是一個動詞,在這些句子中它不能漏。再學到句子:
They work hard.
就讓學生替換work進行練習,指明work也是一個動詞。又如學到:
They found him sitting under the tree.
讓學生用分詞短語替換sitting under the tree進行練習,使學生明白
found\sitting的結構,掌握非謂語的結構。 這樣多次接觸,學生的頭腦中就對謂語動詞有一個深刻的概念,每講到
一種時態時,讓學生比較不同時態間謂語的不同。讓學生知道一個句子中必有一個主語和謂語,而且每出現一新類型句子,就與前面己學句型結合,進行寫作訓練,一環套一環,層層突破。寫作時,重點落在主謂的結構上,使英語作文的謀篇有語文做基礎,這應該不難。學生明確英語句子的基本結構是主謂。無論這樣的英語句子怎樣地千變萬化,學生都能牢牢把握基本結構。這樣到出現五種基本句時學生就不覺突然。而且他們會有一種從高層次系統性學習、復習的感覺,條理更清晰。在句型教學過程,讓學生練習下列三種片語結構:
一是"形名"結構,既形容詞修飾名詞並放在名詞前;
二是"動副"結構,既副詞修飾動詞並放在動詞後;
三是"副形"結構,既形容詞由副詞修飾並放在形容詞前。
這三種結構有助於句子的構成。此時可以給學生總結英語句子的構成習慣;
主語+謂語(+表語或賓語+賓補+地點+時間)
括弧內的部分不一定每句都有,這是陳述句的習慣構成。五種基本句中,主系表一類里加強練習由it作形式主語替代不定式短語的句式:
It's+be+adj.\n.+to do(phrase)\doing(phrase).如:
It's so nice to talk with you.
It's too cool sitting near the river.
It's very happy for him to study here.
It's seems a pity to waste time.
第三,教、練、背特殊句型
如果說基本句型的掌握能使學生准確簡單地表達自己的意思,那麼特殊句型會讓學生的語言更豐富多彩。它是基本句型的變異、擴充,或是基本句型的省略。對這部分句型首先進行教學、操練,然後要求學生背誦一些例句。教一部分,練一部分,要求學生在作文中一定要出現相應的內容。改作採用面對面的方法,使學生明白自己錯在哪裡,為什麼錯了,學生會知錯知改,達到預期效果。初中教材中接觸到的特殊句有:
1.由who,whom,that,which,when,why,where等引導的定語從句;
2.由so that,so…that,such...that等引導的結果句;
3.由as, because ,since等引導的原因狀語從句;
4.由although, everthough,whether等引導的讓步從句;
5.由when, before,after, as soon as,until,while,as
wherever,since,ever since等引導的時間狀語從句:
6.由as引導的方式從句;
7.由than,as…as,not as…as等引導的比較狀語從句;
8.由否定詞、次數詞,如nor,neither,so,there,here等放句首時構成的倒裝句;
There comes the bus.
Then came a man.
Here are some flowers.
I can dance,so can he.
9.由一個詞、短語等在句子里,而與句子的其他成分無語法上的關系的獨立成分。它可以是驚嘆語,呼語或插入語;
Hm! That's great!
A ck!Look there!
Well done! You're great!
Can I help you,madam
He'll be better,I hope.
That is to say,we should plan it well.
常見的插入語有:I think,I hope,I guess,I'm afraid,I believe,I
suppose,I wonder,You see,You know,Don't you think,I tell
you,It is said等。
10.習慣構句,在實踐中形成的一些習慣用法。如:
I'm only too glad to be able to help you.
Mary does nothing but cry.
She has blue blood.
能掌握英語句子的寫法,做到舉一反三,觸類旁通,便於寫作,這是廣大英語學習者共同的心願。以上三個方面談的內容都可以在日常的交往、學習和應試中,幫助學生准確而靈活地運用句子,充分表達要想表達的意思,
同時也彌補了教學要求與實際需要之間的差異。有了這些基本知識,更有助
於對閱讀能力的培養,這樣讀和寫也就有機的結合在一起,二者相輔相成。
學生也就真正地能從聽、說、讀、寫四個方面掌握英語,適應時代的需要, 為國家的發展做貢獻。
㈨ 初中英語作文寫作技巧有哪些
一、注意來審題
小作文的源審題(即審讀材料)很重要,決定著文章的成敗.因為一個小作文的材料中,往往隱含了若干個寫作要求,如不細心審讀,抓不到這些隱含的要求,就很容易出現錯誤。
二、注意語言的簡潔
這一點體現在兩方面.其一,小作文字數一般是100┄300字,受篇幅限制,語言要求簡潔明了.其二,如果是寫應用文,則語言也一定要簡潔,因為語言簡潔是應用文寫作的最基本要求.
三、力求結構完整
小作文是片斷性作文,而非篇章.雖如此,但不能一味忽略結構的完整性.一篇小作文如果能夠做到結構完整,則效果會更好。
四、注意表達方式的運用
受文體的制約,一篇文章總以某種表達方式為主,同時兼用其他表達方式為主.小作文也應注意這一點.如江西省2002年中考語文小作文題為二選一,(1)通過某一情景或場面,描寫你最喜歡的色彩.(2)就你最喜歡的色彩,發表議論.無論選哪一題,或描寫、或議論,總得以一種表達方式為主.但如果能兼用其他表達方式,如兼用議論和抒情,表達自己對某種色彩的某中看法和喜愛之情,則能使短文大為增色.