1. 2012威海中考，我小弟在考试数学试卷的时候。不小心把试卷撕了一点。那会怎么判决
我济南的，不知道和你那边情况一不一样
因为阅卷速度很快，所以在阅卷过程专中难免也会撕属坏卷子一点，所以如果只是撕坏了一点，应该没有问题，因为阅卷老师不知道是你的失误，还是在装订传递时的失误。
但如果是破了一个大洞之类的就可能算在考卷上作记号了。。
2. 威海市 、 英语快乐中考 试题答案、
我有个好办法 花钱消灾 你去新华书店再买一本 里面有答案啊
3. 求山东威海今年中考英语试题
山东省威海市2005年中考英语试题
第1卷(选择题 共85分)
一，听力测试(共30小题。计30分)
(一)听句子，选择与画面一致的选项。每组句子听一遍。
(二)听句子，选择适当的答语。每个句子听两遍。
5. A. The radio says it's windy.
B. It's very hot here in summer.
C. I'd like to swim tomorrow.
6. A. Hello. I am Jimmy.
B. Hello. It's Jimmy speaking.
C. Hello. Are you Jane?
7. A. A week ago.
B. The day before yesterday.
C. About one week.
8. A. Sorry, I don't know.
B. I like the museum very much.
C. That's very kind of you.
9. A. Sure. B. I am not sure. C. All right.
10. A. Me»too. B. I'd love to. C. I like it, too.
(三)听对话和对话后的问题，然后选择正确答案。每组对话和问题听两遍。
11. A. A dance party. B. A Chinese party. C. A dinner party.
12. A. Betty borrowed it. B. Jim borrowed it. C. It is lost.
13. A. 7: 00. B. 7 : 15. C. 7: 50.
14. A. America. B. Canada. C. Germany.
15. A. Fish. B. Rice. C. Vegetables.
16. A. In a shop. B. In a theater. C. In a restaurant.
17. A. Moscow. B. Hong Kong. C. Shanghai.
(四)听两段对话和对话后的问题，然后选择正确答案。每段对话和问题听两遍。
听第一段对话，回答第1 8～2 1小题。
18. A. In the cinema.
B. On their way to the cinema.
C. At the cinema booking office.
19. A. To know about the film.
B. To see a new film.
C. To tell their ages.
20. A. Fifteen. B. Twelve. C. Almost thirteen.
21. A. Because they are too young for the film.
B. Because they have no tickets.
C. Because Tom is too young for the film.
听第二段对话，回答第2 2～25小题。
22. A. A picnic. B. Healthy food. C. Drinks.
23. A. Orange juice. B. Cola. C. Soda.
24. A. Crisps. B. Bread. C. Fruit.
25. A. They are having supper.
B. They are drinking orange juice.
C. They are getting things ready.
(五)听短文和短文后的问题，选择正确答案。短文和问题听两遍。
注释：diet／dait／食谱，日常饮食
26. When do British families usually have their dinner?
A. Before six o'clock.
B. After eight o'clock.
C. Between six and eight o'clock.
27. What did they eat before?
A. Fast food, take-a way food and ready-made food.
B. Meat or fish with vegetables or salad.
C. Indian, Chinese or Thai food.
28. Where can they buy frozen ready-made meals?
A. In Chinese restaurants.
B. In supermarkets.
C. In fast food restaurants.
29. How is the British diet changing?
A. They eat neither Chinese food nor Indian food.
B. They eat many more vegetables.
C. They eat a lot of fast food, take-away food and ready-made meals.
30. What's the passage talking about?
A. The healthy diet. B. The British diet. C. The Indian and Chinese diet.
二、单项填空(共20小题。计20分)
从每小题A、B、C、D中选出一个能填入句中空白处的最佳答案。
31. Look at________ window! There is ________ fly on it.
A. the; the B. a; a C. the; a D, a; the
32. — Would you like some______ ?
— Thanks. Pm not thirsty at all.
A. bananas B. bread C. hamburgers D. juice
33. Don't lose________ in computer games, children.
A. yourself B. yourselves C. ourselves D. themselves
34. What is your excuse your being late yesterday?
A. about B. for C. in D. to
35. — Can you understand me?
— Sorry. I can________ hear you clearly.
A. almost B. ever C. hardly D. nearly
36' — do you go to Qing?
— Oh, I have never been there before.
A. How long B. How far C. How soon D. How often
37. Maybe there is something wrong with my car. I can't________ it.
A. move B. begin C. start D. work
38. When a driver sees the sign he________ stop. He________ go on.
A. must; mustn't B. mustn't; must C. can; can't D. can't; can
39. — Mom, I'm leaving for Beijing tomorrow morning.
— Oh, good. But be sure to phone me ________ you get to Beijing, please.
A. when B. while C. because D. if
40. None of them knew about the plan because it ______ a secret.
A. kept B. keeps C. is kept D. was kept
41. — What do you think of Zhou Jielun?
— Oh, he is my favourite singer. I think no one can sing________.
A. good B. well C. better D. best
42. This is not my watch. Do you know_____ it is?
A. what B. which C. who D. whose
43. — Hi, Betty. Shall we go swimming this Sunday?
— This Sunday? I am sorry. I have a lot of homework _______ this Sunday.
A. to do B. done C. do D. to be done
44. — Mom, I'm going out with my classmates tonight.
— OK. But you'd better________ back too late.
A. don't come B. not to come C. not coming D. not come
45. What's wrong with the orange? It_______ terrible.
A. is tasting B. is tasted C. tastes D. tasted
46. — What is the main cause of the accident?
— Driving________.
A. carefully B. careful C. careless D. carelessly
47- when the light went out last night?
A. What were you doing B. What have you done
C. What did you do D. How were you doing
48. — I am sorry to tell you that you shouldn't smoke here. Please look at the sign.
— Oh. I am sorry. I it.
A. don' t notice B. didn't notice C. will notice D. haven' t notice
49. — May I use your dictionary, Mary?
A. No, go ahead B. Yes, help yourself
C. Of course not D. It doesn't matter
50. — If you fall into trouble, please let me know.
A. I will think it over . B. I will never fall into trouble
B. I will. Thank you very much D. I am very happy to hear that
三、完形填空(共1 5小题。计1 5分)
先阅读短文，然后从短文后每小题的A、B、C、D中选出能填入文章空白处的最佳答案。
One day, a boy and his little sister were sitting by a lake near their house when a bear appeared. There was 51 place for them to get away. The children had to step back to the 52 . They kept backing and the bear kept 53 at them.
As the two children were already wearing 54 the boy told his 55 to jump into the lake. But the bear
56 them into the lake and caught the girl by the life-jacket. The boy turned back and tried to pull his sister away from the bear.
But that didn't work. Then the boy tried growling 57 at the bear. 58 by this*the bear let the girl go. The children scrambled ashore(上岸)and ran up to the house with the bear 59 them.
The children tried to get 60 the house through the front door but it was 61 With the bear right behind them, they ran 62 the house. Each time it got too 63 , the boy. stopped and growled, and each time the bear stopped coming at them, allowing the children to 64 . Finally they succeeded in ente¬ring by the back door.
They 65 the police station. Two policemen came and drove the bear away.
51. A. no B. any C. some D. enough
52. A. house B. lake C. shore D. bear
53. A. climbing B. coming C. backing D. smiling
54. A. jackets B. hats C. life-jackets D. shoes
55. A. friend B. bear C. mother D. sister
56. A. took B. brought C. kicked D. followed
57. A. sadly B. happily C. loudly D. kindly
58. A. Encouraged B. Surprised C. Disappointed D. Discouraged
59. A. before B. beside C. over D. after
60. A. into B. out of C. onto D. off
61. A. open B. moved C. locked D. small
62. A. to B. into C. around D. out of
63. A. far B. close C. afraid D. happy
64. A. escape B. play C. jump D. smile
65. A. phoned B. shouted at C. went to D. told
四、阅读理解(共四篇短文，20小题，计20分)
先阅读短文，然后从短文后每小题的A、B、C、D中选出最佳答案。
A
The next Britney Spears(小甜甜布兰妮) in China? That's who Nirace (倪睿思) , 21, told the reporter she wants to be. With her lively dance music and tanned skin, the Shanghai singer is living her dream!
Nirace became famous at the age of 16. She has just made her first album (专辑) "Lead Role". Don't miss the nice dance and R&B music on it!
In life, Nirace is a lively girl who likes to wear cool T-shirts and jeans. She even says she liked to show off when she was a child! Nirace has been a bold ( 大胆的 ) girl ever since then. She never hides her talent! At the age of five or six, kids near her home often got together. One of them stood on a bench to sing or dance. While other kids felt very shy, Nirace was happy to do it! She held a microphone and asked people to give her a hand!
But she was sometimes shy, too. As a student, Nirace had to miss school a lot to sing. She would have to give her teacher a note. It said why she had to miss class. When she handed in the note to her teacher, she would have to get afraid and run away quickly! She couldn't look at the teacher. But her teacher was kind. Nirace studied English at school. As a singer, she often has to travel abroad. But, on her first trip, she couldn't even open her mouth to say "thank you"! She is much bolder now!
66. Nirace's dream is to________.
A. make her first album . B. talk to the reporter
C. dance D. be the next Britney Spear
67. When Nirace became famous, she was only________ years old.
A. 5 B. 6 C.16 D. 21
68. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT correct?
A. Nirace liked to show off when she was young.
B. Nirace never hides her talent.
C. Nirace dared not sing before others.
D. Nirace is a bold girl.
69. Nirace often missed school because
A. she had to take part in singing B. she was a bold girl
C. her teacher was hard on her D. she didn't like to go to school
70. When Nirace first travelled abroad, _______.
A. she could speak English very well
B. she could almost say nothing in English
C. she spoke English better than now
D. she had never learned English before
B
One day Paul saw some small eggs under a leaf in the garden. His father said that they were the eggs of a butterfly.
Paul picked the leaf and asked his mother for an empty jar (fig). He made holes in the cover of the jar, and put the leaf in the jar.
Soon some of the eggs changed into tiny caterpillars. Paul put fresh leaves in the jar every day. They were food for the caterpillars. Some of the cater¬pillars died but a few grew bigger and bigger. Then, they changed into co¬coons and did not move about any more.
A few weeks later, Paul had a big surprise. A beautiful butterfly came out of each cocoon. Paul took the cover off the jar and let the butterflies fly away.
71. Which of the following shows the correct order for eggs to change into butter-flies?
72. put the eggs under a leaf.
A. Paul B. Paul's mother
C. Paul's father D. A butterfly
73. Paul's father________where the eggs came from.
A. wanted to know B. did not know
C. knew D. asked Paul
74. Paul made holes in the cover to let_______ .
A. the caterpillars go B. air come in
C. rain enter D. the butterflies go
75. Paul opened the jar________,
A. every day B. every week
C. twice a week D. sometimes
C
In the United States, sixteen, eighteen, and twenty-one are important ages in a person's life. There are no special celebrations for these birthdays»but each is a time when a person can do new things to mark their transition (转变) into alt-hood(成人时期)
After turning sixteen a person can work, get a driver's licence and leave home. Many high school students learn to drive and get part-time jobs soon after celebrating their sixteenth birthday.
At the age of eighteen a person in the United States can vote and smoke, but they are prohibited from going into many nightclubs, buying wine or gambling (赌 博) until they are twenty-one.
In many La tin(拉丁的) cultures, a young woman's fifteenth birthday is im¬portant. At this age, she is regarded as an alt (成年人) . To mark this special day, families with teenage daughters have a celebration called a Quinceanera. The day begins with the young woman and her family going to church. Later, there is a party and many guests are invited.
In Japan, young people become alts at twenty. At this age, they can legally (合法的) vote, drink wine and smoke. The second Monday in January is a national holiday called ' Coming of Age Day. ' On this day, twenty-year-olds celebrate by first going to a church to pray with their families. Later, they listen to speeches given by city and school leaders. Afterward, many celebrate with family or friends late into the night. .
In some countries, birthday celebrations continue through althood. Some people celebrate their fortieth and fiftieth birthdays, or their retirement (退休)
year, with a huge party.
76. In the United States, age sixteen marks the time when you can ________.
A. vote and drive B. drive and get a job
C. drink wine and smoke D. go into nightclubs
77. In some cultures, the fifteenth birthday is important for________.
A. parents
B. young men
C. both young women and young men
D. young women
78. In Japan, young people are considered alts at age________.
A. sixteen B. eighteen C. twenty D. twenty-one
79. Which of the following is not the turning point in a person's life in the USA?
A. The 15th birthday. B. The 16th birthday.
C. The 18th birthday. D. The 21st birthday.
80. What is the meaning of the word "prohibit"?
A．允许 B．禁止 C．终止 D．支持
D
A city without cars would be very strange, right? But Venice is such a city.
Venice is in the northeast of Italy. It wasn't built on land, like Beijing or Shanghai, but on more than 110 islands. Sea water is everywhere around the city.
Even so, travel isn't that difficult. The waterways have always been the best way to get around. There are 117 waterways and more than 400 bridges that can lead you where you want to go.
People in Venice move from place to place by boat.. They like to enjoy the scenery and cool summer nights while taking boat trips. They can talk to other people as they go along.
Venice grew out of small islands in saltwater lakes when some Italians es¬caped from a war more than 1500 years ago, and built homes there.
Water makes the city special, but it is also a big problem.
Once, people used too much underground water. This made the city get low¬er, little by little. Now the city has gone down by 23 centimeters.
Another problem is the rising seawater. The temperature has risen over the years. This has made arctic (北冰洋的) ice melt (融化).
Every year, high waters hit the city in autumn and winter. When a lot of wa¬ter comes, more than half of the city is under water.
Scientists are trying different ways to stop the city from getting even lower.
81. According to the article, which picture shows the right position of Venice?
82. The best way to travel in Venice is by water, because________.
A. 117, waterways can make your trip easy
B. You can talk to other people while you go along
C. You can enjoy the scenery and cool summer nights
D. It is not only easy but also you can enjoy yourself better
83. There are________ reasons that lead Venice lower and lower.
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
84. Which of the following statements (陈述) is TRUE?
A. The first people coming to the island were Italians.
B. They came to Venice, because they liked the place very much. ,
C. They came here at the year 1 500.
D. The city has gone down to 23 centimeters.
85. The article is mainly about________.
A. the position of Venice B. the history of Venice
C. the problem of Venice D. the scenery of Venice
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 35分)
五、单词拼写(共10小题。计l O分)
根据句意和提示以适当形式填写正确的单词。
86. He wants to be a scientist in the f______ .
87. This book gives you some good (主意) of life.
88. He was /nkt/ down by a car yesterday.
89. How beautiful the ______/ik/forest is!
90. The two books are the same /ik'septe/ that this one has answers at the back.
91. She doesn't like going out________/'lun/after dark.
92. We should plant a lot of trees to make our city beautiful. The m________ trees , the better.
93. You will r a warm welcome when you arrive at our school.
94. There are two big /'laibrriz/ in the university.
95. In the northeast of China the (温度) stays below zero in winter.
六、完成句子(共10小题：计10分)
根据所给汉语句子完成英语句子，词数不限。
96．我想知道世界上正在发生什么事情。
I want to know____________________________________.
97．昨天Carla因交通事故投能上学。
The traffic accident___________________________________.
98．别生你女儿的气，毕竟她还小。
_____________________ your daughter. After all, she is too young.
99．等雨停了我再走。
I won't leave .
100．你听说了我们班考完试将去北海玩的消息了吗?
that our class will go to the North Sea for an outing after the exam?
101．我总是认为学好英语很重要。
I always think____________________________.
102．刘翔是我国最优秀的运动员之一。
Liu Xiang is______________ in our country.
1 03．他很懒惰，从不收拾房间。
he never cleans his room.
104．这项工程明年能完工。
The project___________________________.
105．台湾要从祖国分裂出去是不可能的。
It is impossible our motherland.
七、补全对话(共5小题，计5分)
阅读下面的对话，从ABCDEFG中选出五个能填入相应空白处的最佳并将答案标号填到空白处。
Rob: Hi, Mom. I'm home!
Mom; 106 It's almost 5 : 00.
Rob: Sorry. I was at Sam's house.
Mom- 107
Rob: Listening to music. Sam has a lot of great CDs. You should hear some of them.
Mom： Maybe I'll do that sometime later.
Rob: 108
Mom-Now? I'm busy cooking.
Rob: It doesn't matter. Sam let me borrow some of them. See?
Mom： Sam let you borrow some of them? 109
Rob: I only borrowed 15 CDs. Sam has more than 200.
Mom, That's a lot of CDs. 110
Rob; He does. He spends his Mom's money, too.
A. Sam must spend all of his money on music.
B. What were you doing?
C. What should I do now?
D. It looks like you borrowed all of them.
E. Sam must love music very much.
F. Where have you been?
G. How about now?
八、书面表达(共1小题。计10分)
11 1．你的英国朋友Tony，利用假期再次来中国旅游观光。他很想结交更多的中国朋友。因此，你带他来到你的学校，与你的同学见面。请根据下面所提供的信息向全班同学介绍一下他的基本情况。开头已给出(不记入总词数)。
要求：1．意思连贯、符合逻辑、书写工整；
2．内容应包括所提供的信息，不得逐条翻译，但可适当发挥；
3．总词数：80词以上。
朋友的有关信息：
姓名：Tony
年龄：22
职业：大学生
爱好：足球、旅游
相识时间：去年寒假游长城时
本次计划：结交更多中国朋友、爬泰山
Hello, Everyone!___________________________
That's all! Thank you!
山东省威海市答案
l.A 2. A 3.C 4. A 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. B 11. C 12. A 13. B 14. C 15.
4. 山东威海中考历届生物卷
http://www.zhce.cn/blog/UploadFiles/2008-4/421771439.doc
威海市二○○八年初中结业考试
生 物 学
亲爱的同学：
你好!答题前，请仔细阅读以下说明：
1.本试卷共8页，分第Ⅰ卷和第II卷两部分。第Ⅰ卷1-4页为选择题，第II卷5-8页为非选择题。试卷满分100分。考试时间60分钟。
2．请清点试卷，并将答题卡和第II卷密封线内的考生信息填写完整。
3．第Ⅰ卷的答案用2B铅笔涂在答题卡上。第II卷的答案用蓝色或黑色钢笔、圆珠笔填写在试卷上。
希望你能愉快地度过这60分钟，祝你成功！
第Ⅰ卷（选择题 45分）
一、选择题：本大题共30个小题，45分。在以下每个小题的四个选项中，只有一个是符合题目要求的。
1．“春种一粒粟，秋收万颗籽”，该诗句描述的生命现象主要体现的生物特征是
A．生物能够由小长大 B．生物的生活需要营养
C．生物能够繁殖后代 D．生物能够适应环境
2．东北某林区，山脚是落叶阔叶林，山腰是红松林，山顶是冷杉林，影响这种分布状况形成的主要环境因素是
A．阳光 B．温度 C．水 D．土壤
3．植物的根既能吸收土壤中的氮、磷、钾等营养物质，又能把其它不需要的物质挡在外面，这主要是由于
A．细胞壁具有保护细胞的功能 B．细胞膜具有保护细胞的功能
C．细胞壁具有控制物质进出细胞的功能 D．细胞膜具有控制物质进出细胞的功能
4．下图为植物细胞分裂过程中不同时期的图像，按发生分裂的先后顺序，它们的关系为
A．a→c→d→b B．a→b→c→d C．c→d→a→b D．a→d→b→c
地点 鼠妇（只）
水泥路上 0
水槽边的石头下 24
种花的湿花盆底下 18
干燥的草地中 2
A．阳光充足 B．空气新鲜 C．阴暗潮湿 D．高温干燥
7．用超市里专用的饺子面粉包成的饺子，吃起来特别有“筋道”，这是因为这种面粉里“面筋”的含量高。“面筋”是种子成分中的
A．淀粉 B．蛋白质 C．脂肪 D．无机盐
8．炸油条要用到面粉和花生油，它们分别来自
A．小麦的子叶 花生的子叶 B．小麦的胚乳 花生的子叶
C．小麦的子叶 花生的胚乳 D．小麦的胚乳 花生的胚乳
9．某生物小组的同学在学校的试验田里种植花生，他们的下列做法对于花生正常出芽没有意义的是
A．在晴天进行播种 B．在春天进行播种
C．在雨后进行播种 D．在松土后进行播种
10．有时我们会看到这样的现象：路旁杨树茎的某一部分受到创伤露出了木质部，这部分茎就不能增粗。这是因为，被破坏的结构包括
A．韧皮部 B．形成层
C．木质部 D．树皮
11．夏季即将到来，西瓜甘甜可口，是清凉解渴的佳品。下列结构能发育成西瓜果实的是
A．受精卵 B．胚珠 C．子房 D．花托
12．下列装置中，能够快速、安全地脱去叶片中叶绿素的是（ ）
13．用手掌托在耳郭后边，会感到前方传来的声音变大，这说明耳郭能够
A．产生声波 B．传递声波 C．收集声波 D．感受声波
14．装有胶卷的照相机和眼球有很多相似之处，下面各组照相机和眼球对应的结构，功能不相似的是
A．闪光灯和角膜 B．胶卷和视网膜 C．光圈和瞳孔 D．镜头和晶状体
15．小丽在医院静脉注射葡萄糖后，感觉到了甜味，这是注射的葡萄糖到达了舌上味蕾的缘故。葡萄糖从手臂到达味蕾依次经过
A．肺循环和体循环 B．体循环和肺循环
C．体循环、肺循环和体循环 D．肺循环、体循环和肺循环
16．如果突然抓起一个烫手的馒头，会来不及考虑就迅速松开。下面关于该缩手反射过程的分析，正确的是
A．是简单反射，由脊髓控制完成
B．是复杂反射，由脊髓控制完成
C．是简单反射，由大脑控制完成
D．是复杂反射，由大脑控制完成
17．晚自习放学回家的某同学，发现房间里煤气泄露，母亲昏迷。这时他不应该采用的做法是
A．关闭煤气阀门 B．打开电灯实施急救
C．打开门窗通气 D．将母亲搬到通风良好的场所
18．几位同学讨论动物运动的意义，他们提出了以下四种观点，其中不正确的是
A. 有利于动物获取食物 B. 有利于动物寻找配偶
C. 有利于动物逃避敌害 D. 有利于动物物种的进化
19．下列动物的行为，属于学习行为的是
A. 菜青虫取食十字花科植物叶片
B. 失去雏鸟的红雀一连几星期，给池塘里浮到水面求食的金鱼喂昆虫
C. 黑猩猩把几个木箱堆叠起来，爬到箱顶取下高处的香蕉
D. 刚出生的小袋鼠爬到母亲的育儿袋里吃奶
20．蝙蝠能够飞行，但不属于鸟类，而是属于哺乳类。主要理由是
A．蝙蝠有四肢 B．蝙蝠的心脏有四腔
C．蝙蝠有着恒定的体温 D．蝙蝠有胎生、哺乳的生殖特点
21．在探究“洗手对细菌真菌数量的影响”活动中，有“用手在培养基上轻轻按压”的步骤，这属于细菌真菌培养过程中的
A．制作培养基 B．消毒 C．接种 D．培养
22. 你能想象一棵苹果树上长出三种不同口味的苹果吗？运用生物技术就可以做到，这种技术是
A．嫁接 B．扦插 C．异花传粉 D．组织培养
23．下列属于相对性状的一组是
A．人的身高与体重 B．玉米的白粒与黄粒
C．兔的长毛与黑毛 D．家兔的白毛与北极狐的白毛
24．人的双眼皮是显性性状(由显性基因A控制)，单眼皮是隐性性状（由隐性基因a控制）。如果父母双方控制该性状的基因组成都是Aa，其子女是单眼皮的可能性为
A. 100% B. 75% C．50% D．25%
25．白化病是一种由常染色体上隐性基因控制的遗传病，下列关于白化病遗传规律的叙述，正确的是
A．父母都患病，子女可能是正常人 B．子女患病，父母可能都是正常人
C．父母都无病，子女必定是正常人 D．子女无病，父母必定都是正常人
26．在“探究花生果实大小的变异”活动中，某小组提出了以下四种测定花生果实大小的取样方法，其中最佳的方法是
A．在大花生中取30粒较大的，在小花生中取30粒较小的
B．在大花生中取1粒最大的，在小花生中取1粒最小的
C．在大、小两种花生中分别随机取1粒
D．在大、小两种花生中分别随机取30粒
27. 生物的变异现象随处可见，下列变异可以遗传的是
A．小亮喂养的花猫生了一只白猫 B．小华在纸箱里培育的蒜苗叶片发黄
C．小刚经过严格的训练后跑得很快 D．小林暑假经常到海里游泳皮肤晒得很黑
28. 18世纪，英国曼彻斯特地区的桦尺蠖栖息在长满地衣的浅色树干上，大多数桦尺蠖体色是浅色的，少数深色；100年后，工业污染把树皮熏成黑褐色，深色桦尺蠖变成了常见类型，浅色却成了少数。下列有关桦尺蠖体色由浅变深现象的分析，不正确的是
A．桦尺蠖体色的深或浅是可以遗传的性状
B．树干变成黑褐色是桦尺蠖种群体色变化的环境条件
C．食虫鸟对桦尺蠖种群体色的变化起到了选择作用
D．环境条件改变后桦尺蠖主动改变体色以适应新的环境
29．在“模拟保护色形成过程”活动中，取红、绿、蓝、黄四种颜色的小纸片各25张，放在一块黄布上，实验者先背对黄布，然后转身快速拿取。经过若干次后，最后剩下的小纸片数量最多的应该是
A. 红色的 B. 绿色的 C. 蓝色的 D. 黄色的
30．大米是重要的粮食作物之一，全球半数以上的人口以大米为主食。被誉为“杂交水稻之父”的我国科学家袁隆平用野生水稻与普通水稻杂交，培育出了高产的杂交水稻，为解决人类的粮食危机做出了巨大贡献。袁隆平院士培育杂交水稻利用的是生物多样性中的
A．基因多样性 B．生物种类多样性
C．生物栖息地多样性 D．生态系统多样性
绝密★启用前
威海市二○○八年初中结业考试
生 物 学
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题 55分）
二、非选择题：本大题共8个小题，共55分。
得 分
阅卷人
31．（6分）回顾学过的生物学知识，你是否发现有些生物的结构有奇妙的相似，这些结构的功能也颇为相似。请将下列内容补充完整。
（1）每平方毫米玉米幼根成熟区有420条根毛，这与其__________功能相适应。
（2）细小的毛细血管遍布全身，一个体重为60千克的人，毛细血管总面积可达6000平方米，这与其___________功能相适应。
（3）一个成年人的肺泡数目约为200万个，这与其___________功能相适应。
（4）小肠内壁上有许多环形皱襞，皱襞表面有许多细小的绒毛状突起——小肠绒毛，这与其___________功能相适应。
（5）以上不同的生物结构的共同特点是，都通过数量庞大的细小结构增大____________，从而更好地完成它们的功能。上述事例都体现了生物体_______________________的特点。
得 分
阅卷人
32．（8分）回答下面有关科学探究技能的问题。
（1）解读曲线图：右图表示淀粉、脂肪、蛋白质在消化道各部位（用A、B、C、D、E表示）被消化的程度。图中表示淀粉被消化过程的曲线是___________；蛋白质被消化的起始部位是[ ]____________；淀粉、脂肪、蛋白质被消化的主要部位是[ ]___________。
（2）数学推算：假设有4万对24岁的新婚夫妇，不考虑死亡问题且每代中的男女比例相等。如果每对夫妇及其子孙都生两个孩子，那么，他们都是25岁生育与都是30岁生育相比，150年后，人口会多增加___________代，人口总数会多增加___________万；如果每对夫妇及其子孙都是25岁生孩子，那么，他们都生两个与都生一个相比，50年后，人口总数会多增加___________万。从上述推算可以依次看出，____________、____________是控制人口增长的重要措施。
得 分
阅卷人
33．（6分）下图为某同学在观察自己制作的洋葱鳞片叶表皮细胞临时装片过程中，显微镜下看到的几个视野，请据图回答问题：
（1）要使图像从视野①变为视野②的状态，应将装片向______________移动；
要使图像从视野②变为视野③的状态，应转动______________，换成高倍物镜；
要使图像从视野③变为视野④的状态，应用______________进行调节。
（2）在视野②中可以看到，洋葱鳞片叶表皮有部分重叠，这是因为制作临时装片过程中_____________________________________________。
（3）从植物体的结构层次来看，叶属于___________，视野④所示的部分属于___________，它由一些排列紧密的细胞构成。
得 分
阅卷人
34．（7分）自古以来，就有“大灾之后必有大疫”的说法。为了防止地震后出现疫情，在抢救安置工作告一段落后，四川地震救灾的重点转向了卫生防疫。请阅读下面的材料，回答问题。
材料一：据新京报5月31日报道，四川省卫生厅30日公布了灾区传染病发生情况。5月中下旬，四川灾区累计报告与灾害相关的传染病205例，发病病种包括甲肝、戊肝、麻疹、狂犬病、痢疾、疟疾、流行性腮腺炎等。
材料二：四川震灾发生之后，在政府的组织和救援者的帮助下，当地灾民采取了一系列防疫措施：①保护水源；②食物煮熟后食用；③消灭蚊虫；④对患病者及时隔离治疗等。
材料三：四川抗震救灾指挥部计划，从6月1日到10日，重点区域内儿童、小学生和60岁以上老人集中接种甲肝、乙脑疫苗，或口服霍乱疫苗。
（1）“材料一”中提到的疾病都是由____________引起的，具有传染性和流行性，属于传染病。这些传染病的传播途径各不相同，其中甲肝、痢疾等消化系统传染病通过___________传播，疟疾通过蚊虫叮咬传播，其传播途径是_____________传播。
（2）“材料二”中提到的防疫措施，属于控制传染源的有_____________；属于切断传播途径的有_____________。（填序号）
（3）“材料三”中提到的疫苗进入人体后在不引起疾病的前提下，刺激淋巴细胞产生抵抗该病原体的特殊蛋白质，即____________，从而将入侵的病原体清除。这种免疫属于特异性免疫，其特点是：出生以后才产生的，____________________________________。
得 分
阅卷人
35．（6分）甲、乙两地出产同种甜瓜，甲地甜瓜比乙地的甜。经调查，在甜瓜生长季节，甲、乙两地的光照条件和栽培措施基本相同，而温度条件差别较大，详见下表。请将下面关于环境温度与呼吸作用
强弱关系的推理过程补充完整。
平均温度（℃） 甲地 乙地
白天 33 33
夜间 12 22
（1）因为甲地的甜瓜比乙地的甜，所以甲地甜瓜体内所含有机物比乙地的多。
（2）因为甲、乙两地出产的甜瓜是同一品种，所以有机物含量多少的差别不是由其体内
决定的，而是受外界环境条件的影响。
（3）因为甜瓜体内的有机物由光合作用制造又被呼吸作用消耗，所以外界环境条件可以通过影响光合作用和呼吸作用的强度来影响其含量。
（4）因为光合作用在白天进行，呼吸作用在 进行，而两地外界环境条件的唯一差别为______________的温度，所以甲、乙两地甜瓜体内有机物含量不同是因为温度条件对呼吸作用的影响不同。
（5）因为，甲地甜瓜体内所含有机物比乙地的多，所以，甲地甜瓜比乙地甜瓜消耗的有机物____________，呼吸作用____________。
（6）又因为甲地比乙地夜间温度低，所以，在一定范围内，环境温度与呼吸作用的关系为_____________________________________________________________________。
得 分
阅卷人
36．（8分）肾单位是形成尿的结构功能单位，右图是肾单位的结构示意图，请据图回答下列问题。
（1）血液在流经[ ]___________时，通过[ 1 ] 和[ 2 ]的
____________作用，除____________和大分子蛋白质外，血
液中其它成分，都可以进入肾小囊腔中，形成原尿。
（2）当健康人的原尿流经[ ] ___________时，全部被重吸收
回血液的成分是____________，完全不被重吸收的成分是
____________， 它和多余的水、无机盐一起形成尿液。
（3）人体排尿，不仅能够起到排出___________的作用，而且
对调节体内__________________的平衡也有重要的作用。
得 分
阅卷人
37．（5分）请据图回答下列问题：
（1）图中的绿色植物利用太阳的光能，制造______________，不仅养活了自己，还养活了虫和鸟，所以它是生态系统中的生产者。
（2）图中的虫和鸟是生态系统中的_____________，它们不仅能帮助植物传粉和传播种子，而且直接或间接地以绿色植物为食，促进生物圈的物质循环。
（3）图中的细菌和真菌是生态系统中的分解者，通过①、②、③可以看出，它们的生活依赖于动植物遗体中的_____________；通过④可以看出，动植物遗体被分解后产生的__________________________又能够被植物重新利用。
（4）综上所述，生态系统中生产者、消费者、分解者之间是_____________的关系。
得 分
阅卷人
38．（9分）在探究“鱼鳍在游泳中的作用”时，某小组同学正在讨论探究计划，他们按甲、乙、丙、丁的顺序依次发言。你看，一个人一个主意。请你来分析其中蕴含的科学方法。
（1）丙提出的方法在科学研究中叫做____________，本实验采用这种方法最主要的优点是_______________________________________。
（2）丙与丁提出的实验方案，可使实验结果更为可靠的是_________的。因此，生物科学研究中，在同时有活体和模型可供选用的情况下，应首选___________作为实验材料。
（3）丁提出的实验方案中的A、B分别探究____________、___________在游泳中的作用，它们是实验组还是对照组？_____________。
（4）乙认为，几个鳍同时摆动，不易观察单个鳍的作用，应对某个鳍的作用单独进行研究。乙的观点反映了科学实验要遵循________________________的原则。甲提出的直接观察的方法不能得出准确的结论，但可以为探究过程中____________提供依据。
威海市二○○八年初中结业考试
生物学试题参考答案及评分标准
说明：
以下仅为参考答案，其它合理的答案也可判为正确。
一、选择题（每题1.5分，共45分）
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 C B D A C C B B A B
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 C B C A C A B D C D
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 C A B D B D A D D A
二、非选择题（除特殊说明外，每空1分，共55分）
31．（6分）（1）吸收
（2）物质交换
（3）气体交换
（4）吸收
（5）表面积（或面积） 结构与功能相适应
32．（8分）（1）X C胃 D小肠
（2）1 8 10 晚育 少生
33．（6分）（1）右下方 转换器 细准焦螺旋
（2）没有将叶表皮展平
（3）器官 组织（或保护组织）
34．（7分）（1）病原体 饮食 生物媒介
（2）④ ①②③（答对两个以上得分，答对一个不得分；多答、错答不得分）
（3）抗体 只针对某一特定的病原体或异物起作用
35．（6分）（2）遗传物质
（4）全天（只答夜间不得分） 夜间
（5）少 弱
（6）呼吸作用强弱与温度高低成正相关（或温度越高，呼吸作用越强；温度越低，呼吸作用越弱）
36．（8分）（1）1肾小球 过滤 血细胞
（2）3肾小管 葡萄糖 尿素
（3）废物（或尿素） 水和无机盐
37．（5分）（1）有机物
（2）消费者
（3）有机物 二氧化碳、水、无机盐（答对两个以上得分，答对一个不得分；答无机物或简单的物质也得分）
（4）相互依存
38．（9分）
（1）模拟实验 不会对鱼的身体造成伤害
（2）丁 活体
（3）尾鳍 背鳍 实验组
（4）控制变量 作出假设
http://www.haofumu.tv/tjzhfmadmin/ewebeditor/uploadfile/20080826175012241.doc
5. 山东威海中考总分多少~
啊...楼上的是威海的吗?具偶计算
语文120
数学120
英语120
物理,化学180
政治100
生物30
地理30
历史30
体育30
730分啦~~~
那个我忘了是物理80还是化学80了 所以总和180